• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 1983

추용(椎茸)버섯의 영양학적(營養學的) 기초자료(基礎資料)의 보강(補强) 및 미분석자료(未分析資料)를 제공(提供)하기 위하여 일반분석(一般分析), amino 산(酸) 분석(分析), vitamin 분석(分析)을 행한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1) 일반분석(一般分析)은 이미 발표(發表)된 영양분석표(榮養分析表)의 기본(基本) 분석치(分析値)와 유사(類似)하였으며, 2) Amino 산(酸)은 모두 17종 즉, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, lecucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine, bistidine, arginine 등이 검색(檢索)되었는데, 가장 많이 함유(含有)된 성분(成分)은 glutamic 산(酸)이었다. 3) 필수(必須) 아미노산 8종(種) 즉, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, lecucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine 등이 모두 함유(含有)되어 있어서 매우 중요(重要)한 식품(食品)이라는 것을 알수 있었다. 4) Vitamin은 총(總) 7종(種) 즉, A(${\beta}$-carotene), $B_1$ (thiamin), $B_2$(riboflavin), C (ascorbic acid), E (${\alpha}$-tocopherol), Niacin, Cholinechloride이 분석(分析)되었으며 가장 많은 양(量)은 Cholinechloride 이었다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2006

Methods have been developed to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity of foods and plasma but limitations are associated with their ability to determine precisely the contribution of lipophilic antioxidants in a lipid milieu as well as interactions among them Thus, we modified the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay to determine the peroxyradical scavenging ability of both hydrophilic and lipophilic compartments in plasma The hydrophilic ORAC assay was performed in a phosphate buffer system utilizing 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as a peroxyradical generator and fluorescein as the target The lipophilic ORAC assay was carried out in a dimethylsulfoxide :butyronitrile (DMSO/BN, 9:1 v/v) system using 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile) as a peroxyradical generator and BODIPY C11 581/591 as the target Analyses were conducted in bovine serum supplemented with water - and lipid - soluble antioxidants and in human plasma. Albumin (0.5$\sim$5 g/dL) and uric acid (0.1$\sim$0.5 $\mu$mol/L) increased hydrophilic ORAC values in a dose-dependent fashion ($R^{2}$=0.97 and 0.98, respectively) but had no impact on lipophilic ORAC values. $\alpha$-Tocopherol (15$\sim$200 $\mu$mol/L) increased lipophilic ORAC values in a dose-dependent fashion ($R^{2}$=0.94); neither $\alpha$-tocopherol nor $\beta$-carotene had an impact on hydrophilic ORAC values. However, addition of $\beta$-carotene at physiological concentration (0.23$\sim$1.86 $\mu$mol/L), either alone or in combination with other carotenoids, had no significant impact on lipophilic ORAC values. Thus, while assays of 'total antioxidant capacity' in biological matrices would be a useful research and clinical tool, existing methods are limited by the lack of complete responsiveness to the full range of dietary antioxidants.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.633-641
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• 2014

천연색소로 사용되는 식물류 11종(쪽, 아카시아, 코치닐, 아선약, 포도과피, 태수, 헤나, 국화, 붉은백단향, 대황, 서양꼭두서니)의 생리활성 규명을 위해 열수 추출 분말을 제조하여 항산화 및 항비만 활성을 비교 분석하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 아선약 추출물이 348.23 mg/g으로 가장 높았다. DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거능 및 FRAP법에 의한 환원력도 아선약 추출물의 활성이 가장 높았다. ${\beta}$-carotene linoleic acid system을 이용한 항산화 활성은 아카시아 추출물이 가장 높았다. 소화효소 저해 효과를 측정한 결과, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성은 아카시아 추출물이 93.93%로 가장 높았고, ${\alpha}$-amylase 저해 활성은 아선약 추출물이 64.53%로 가장 높았다. Trypsin 저해 활성은 아카시아 추출물이 60% 이상으로 가장 높았고, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin 저해 활성은 아선약 추출물이 40% 이상으로 가장 높았다. ipase 저해 활성은 아카시아 추출물이 52.73%로 가장 높았다. 3T3-L1 세포에 대한 지방 축적률은 아선약 추출물이 55.8%로 가장 낮아 지방세포 분화 억제 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 식물류 색소원료의 중 아선약 추출물과 아카시아 추출물은 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었으며, 탄수화물, 단백질 및 지방 분해효소 저해에도 상당한 효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 결과는 페놀 함량과 상관관계가 높은 것으로 판단된다. 특히 아선약 추출물의 경우 지방세포 분화 억제를 통해 항비만 활성을 나타내는 것으로 판단이 되며 그와 관련된 메커니즘 연구는 좀 더 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6491-6499
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• 2015

Background: Red-fleshed sweet orange juice (ROJ) comes from a new variety of citrus cultivated in Brazil that contains high levels of ${\beta}$-carotene and lycopene, and similar amounts of hesperidin (HSP) and nutrients, equivalently to blond orange juice (BOJ). Such bioactive compounds are associated with chemopreventive actions in several cancer cell lines. The purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cytokine secretion after BOJ, ROJ, and HSP treatment of a novel T acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, Loucy. Materials and Methods: Loucy cells were incubated for 24-h with BOJ, ROJ, and HSP, and the viability was measured using trypan blue. Cell cycling and apoptosis were assessed by propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry, respectively. Secretion of cytokines $IL-1{\alpha}$, $IL1-{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, $IFN{\gamma}$, $TNF{\alpha}$, $TGF{\beta}$, $MIP{\alpha}$, and $MIP{\beta}$ was determined by ELISA array. Results: BOJ and ROJ treatments promoted Loucy cell cytotoxicity. Additionally, BOJ induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and decreased the cell accumulation in the G2/M. ROJ decreased only the G0/G1 fraction, while HSP did not change the cell cycle. BOJ led to apoptosis in a different fashion of ROJ, while the first treatment induced apoptosis by increase of late apoptosis and primary necrotic fractions, the second increased early and late apoptosis, and primary necrotic fraction compared to positive controls. HSP had no effect on apoptosis. IL-6 and IL-10 were abrogated by all treatments. Conclusions: Taking together, these results suggest potential chemopreventive effects of BOJ and ROJ on Loucy cells.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.93-94
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• 2001

Former studies dealing with combined effects caused by chemical compounds in the metabolically competent hepatoma cell line Hep G2 indicated that Hep G2 cells are useful and sensitive indicators for the identification of synergisms of promutagens, comutagens and antimutagens which are relevant in eukryontic (human) cells. In the present study we examined the modulation of DNA damages by the suspected antimutagens ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, alpha-naphthoflavone and beta-naphthoflavone in Hep G2 cells.(omitted)

• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.176-181
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• 2002

Astaxanthin (3,3＇-dihydroxy-${\beta}$, ${\beta}$-carotene-4-4＇-dione), a natural pigment of pink to red color, is widely distributed in nature particularly in the skin layer of salmonoids and the crust of shrimp, lobster, etc. Recently, it was produced from the yeast culture of Phaffia rhodozyma. Because of its high thermal stability and antioxidant functionality, its applications can be extended into food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical ingredient beyond the traditional feed additive. Because of its very high lipophilicity, astaxanthin has been extracted traditionally by strong organic solvents such as chloroform, petroleum ether, acetone, etc. In this study, we developed a surfactant-based solubillization system for astaxanthin, and used it to extract astaxanthin from disrupted yeast cells. Among Tween 20, Triton X-100 and SDS, Tween 20 was identified as the most suitable surfactant in terms of extraction capacity and safety. The ethylene oxide group of Tween 20 was identified as the most significant factor to increase the HLB value that determined the extraction capacity. The effects of micelle formation condition, such as the molar ratio of astaxanthin and Tween 20, pH, and ionic strength were also investigated. pH and ionic strength showed no significant effects. The optimal molar ratio between astaxanthin and Tween 20 was 1 : 12. Antioxidant activity of astaxanthin was higher than ${\beta}$-carotene and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Astaxanthin in the crude extract from the yeast cell was more resistant to air and/or light degradation than pure astaxanthin, probably because of the presence of other carotenoids and lipids.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5389-5396
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• 2015

Diet is one of the major factors that can exert a majorly influence on colorectal cancer risk. This systematic review aimed to find correlations between various diet types, food or nutrients and colorectal cancer risk among Asian populations. Search limitations include dAsian populations residing in Asia, being published from the year 2008 till present, and written in the English language. A total of 16 articles were included in this systematic review. We found that red meats, processed meats, preserved foods, saturated/animal fats, cholesterol, high sugar foods, spicy foods, tubers or refined carbohydrates have been found by most studies to have a positive association with colorectal cancer risk. Inversely, calcium/dairy foods, vitamin D, general vegetable/fruit/fiber consumption, cruciferous vegetables, soy bean/soy products, selenium, vitamins C,E and B12, lycophene, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, folic acid and many other vitamins and minerals play a protective role against colorectal cancer risk. Associations of fish and seafood consumption with colorectal cancer risk are still inconclusive due to many varying findings, and require further more detailed studies to pinpoint the actual correlation. There is either a positive or no association for total meat consumption or white meats, however their influence is not as strong as with red and processed meats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1983

An investigation was made of the effect of carrot variety and harvest time (DAP) on the composition of carotenoids and the Retinol Equivalent value by column chromatography, and of the relation of the total carotenoid content to the Retinol Equivalent by regression analysis. The results are summarized as follows : 1. There were very significant differences of total carotenoid, ${\alpha}-carotene,\;and\;{\beta}-carotene$ contents among carrot varieties and between two harvest times(90 DAP, 99 DAP). Especially, each component of carotenoids in carrots harvested at 99 DAP attained higher concentrations than 90 DAP. 2. Retinol Equivalent value showed the tendency to increase as the numbers of DAP incr The Shindaehyung-Ochon and Hongshim-Ochon varieties had the highest RE. value. 3. In the composition of carotenoids and Retinol Equivalent value, the Shamgae-Ochon variety had the nearest value to the mean of all variety. Therefore, it is most reasonable to use the Shamgae-Ochon variety for the analysis of vitamin A value in carrots. 4. The regression of the totel carotenoid (x) to the Retinol Equivalent (y) was y = 0.074 + 0.12x $(r^2$ = 0.91). So, if total carotenoid content is determined, R.E. value can be predicted by this regression equations, saving time and labor.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.323-334
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 우리나라 19세 이상 성인의 한식 섭취율과 그에 따른 식생활 특성을 파악하기 위해 제 4 5기 국민건강영양조사 (2007~2012) 자료의 24시간 회상법 자료와 한식 데이터베이스 및 상용식품 중 영양소 함량 데이터베이스를 연계하여, 1일 한식 섭취율과 영양소 및 항산화 비타민 섭취량을 추정하였다. 그 결과 대상자 33,069명 중 75%가 1일 한식 섭취율이 75% 이상이었고, 한식 중에서는 배추김치, 잡곡밥, 쌀밥 순으로 섭취빈도가 높았다. 한식 섭취율이 높은 군일수록 대상자의 평균 연령이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았고, 가구소득이 가장 낮은 1분위와 교육수준이 가장 낮은 1분위의 비율이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 한식 섭취율에 따른 4분위군의 영양소 섭취 양상을 살펴보았을 때, 한식 섭취율이 높은 군일수록 에너지, 단백질, 지방의 평균 섭취량이 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았고, 항산화 비타민 중에서는 비타민 A, ${\beta}$-카로틴과 ${\beta}$-크립토잔틴, 비타민 C가 한식 섭취율과 양의 관계를 보였으며, 레티놀, ${\alpha}$-카로틴 비타민 E 섭취량은 음의 관계를 보였다. 또한 한식 섭취율이 높은 군일수록 감자 및 전분류, 두류, 종실류, 채소류, 과일류, 해조류의 섭취가 높았고, 곡류, 당류, 우유 유제품, 유지류 등의 섭취가 낮았다. 이상의 결과를 요약하면, 한식 섭취율이 높은 군은 그렇지 않은 군에 비해 에너지 섭취량이 적고, 다량영양소 중 탄수화물의 에너지 비율은 높은 반면, 지방의 에너지 비율은 적었다. 한식 섭취율은 비타민 A, ${\beta}$-카로틴과 ${\beta}$-크립토잔틴, 비타민 C 등의 항산화 비타민 섭취량과 유의한 양의 연관성이 있었으며, 성, 연령, 소득수준 등이 각각 동일할 때에도, 한식 섭취율이 높은 군은 낮은 군에 비해 항산화 영양상태가 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 한식의 섭취 수준에 따른 건강 영향을 구명하기 위한 후속연구의 수행이 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.66-70
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• 1999

Effects of the enhanced level of L-ascorbic acid (AA) on the water deficit-induced oxidative damage were studied in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. The seedlings sprayed with 20 to 80 mM L-galactono-${\gamma}$-lactone (GL), a putative precursor of AA, showed 2 to 5-fold higher levels of AA compared with controls. Pretreatment of the seedlings with GL prior to water stress imposition caused virtually no effect on dehydration of tissues during water deficit but substantially mitigated oxidative injury, as accessed by 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, chlorophylls and ${\beta}$-carotene. Proline accumulation during water stress was also significantly lowered in the treated seedlings. In a complementary experiment, AA retarded photodegradation of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol in isolated thylakoids far more efficiently than glutathione. GL in itself did not show any noticeable reactivity toward ${\alpha}$-tocopheroxyl radical. The results demonstrate the antioxidative function of AA in rice seedlings encountering water-limited environments, suggesting a critical role of AA as a defense against oxidative stress in plants.