• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.937-943
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• 1996

The biggest Problem of low-salted Jeot-gal is the reduction of its shelf-life. Chitosan, glucono $\delta-lactone, $ and sykeeper were added to extend the shelf-life of low-salted Myungran-jeot, and various chemical and microbiological analyses were carried out during fermentation at $10^{\circ}C.$ Sykeeper inhibited the increase in pH, and production of lactic acid, VBN, TMA, TBA, and the microbial growth, whereas enhanced the production of amino-N. But, chitosan and glucono $\delta-lactone$ had no significant difference from the control. The estimated shelf-life periods of low-salted Myngran-jeot fermented at $10^{\circ}C$ for control, chitosan, glucono $\delta-lactone, $ and sykeeper were about 14, 12, 16, and 19 days, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 2002

The melt-spun amorphous $Fe_{77-X}P_{13}C_4B_4Al_2Mo_X$(x=4~10) and $Fe_{82-X}P_XC_4B_4Al_2Mo_8$(x=9~15) alloys were found to exhibit a large supercooled liquid region(${\Delta}T_x$) exceeding 40 K before crystallization. The largest ${\Delta}T_x$ for the glassy alloys containing Mo reaches as large as 65 K for the $Fe_{69}P_{13}C_4B_4Al_2Mo_8$ alloy. The corrosion behavior of the amorphous $Fe_{77-X}P_{13}C_4B_4Al_2Mo_X$(x=4~15) and $Fe_(82-X)P_XC_4B_4Al_2Mo_8$ (x=9~17) alloys were examined by electrochemical measurements in 9M $H_2SO_4$ solution at 303 K. The addition of Mo(or P) for replacing some portion of Fe is effective in improving the corrosion resistance of the investigated Fe-based glassy alloys. They are spontaneously passivated and have a wide passive region with low passive current density.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.304-311
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• 2004

The poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) and silica-filled PTMSP membranes were prepared by casting from a toluene solution on porous polyetherimide (PEI). FT-IR spectrum, GPC and SEM pictures have been taken to characterize the membranes. The particle size of membrane decreases as silica content of the membrane increases from 23 to 60 wt%, and a uniform distribution of the silica is observed. The separation properties of the gas mixture (32 mol% $H_2$/ 68 mol% $N_2$) through the composite membranes were studies as a function of pressure and percentage of silica. Selectivity values of $H_2$/$N_2$ increased as the pressure of permeation cell and silica content of the membrane increased. The real separation factor($\alpha$), head separation factor($\beta$), and tail separation factor((equation omitted)) of PTMSP-PEI composite membrane were 2.28, 1.58, and 1.44 respectively at $\Delta$P 30 psi and $25^{\circ}C$. $\alpha$, $\beta$, and (equation omitted) of PTMSP-Silica-PEI composite membrane for 60 wt% silica were 3.34, 1.95, 1.72 at $\Delta$P 30 psi and $25^{\circ}C$.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.325-329
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to determine thermodynamic characteristics of B. subtilis p-4 and B. licheniformis p-5 proteases isolated from fermented anchovy paste. $K_m$ values of two proteases for casein as a substrate were 0.38mM in p-4 protease and 0.18mM in p-5 protease, respectively. Denaturation constants($K_D$) of p-4 and p-5 proteases were $12.2{\times}10^{-5}/sec\;and\;19.0{\times}10^{-5}/sec\;at\;40^{\circ}C,\;and\;35.7{\times}10^{-5}/sec\;and\;46.3{\times}10^{-5}/sec\;at\;50^{\circ}C$, respectively. Activation energies($E_a$) of p-4 and p-S pmteases were 19.6 Kcal/mole and 15.2kcal/mole, respectively. Free energy of activation(${\Delta}G^*$), activation enthalpy(${\Delta}H^*$) and activation entropy(${\Delta}S^*$) at $40^{\circ}C$ were 23.21Kcal/mole, 18.98Kcal/mole and -13.50 eu, respectively for p-4 protease and 22.93Kcal/mo1e, 14.58Kcal/mole and -26.68 eu, respectively for p-5 protease. The major amino acids in p-4 protease(151 residues of amino acid) were Gly, Glu, Pro, Asp, Ser, Ala, Lys and Leu, while those in p-5 protease(247 residues of amino acid) were Gly, Glu, Asp, Ala and Leu. It may be concluded that heat denaturation of two proteases showed liner regression curve and p-5 protease was more sensitive to heat than p-4 protease.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.118-118
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• 1994

Processings of the P $b_2$S $r_2$( $Y_{1-x}$ C $a_{x}$) C $u_3$ $O_{8+{\delta}}$ (2213)system for x=0.4-0.6 to control deleterious oxidative decomposition have been studied. Our results show that comounds are stable at both low p $O_2$ and high p $O_2$ if they are suitably oxidized. Various oxidation and deoxidation procedures have been investigated in order tp determine the optimum hole concentration in the Cu $O_2$layers for the maximum $T_{c}$. In cases x=0.5 and x=0.6, the optimum hole concentration in the 2213-phase is achieved, but with accelerated oxidative decomposition. Destite this, the maximum $T_{c}$~80-83K for the 2213-phase can be deduced when x=0.5 to 0.6 to 0.6

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 2011

Explicit sufficient conditions are established for the oscillation of the one order neutral differential equations with impulsive $(x(t)+{\sum\limits^n_{i=1}}c_ix(t-{\sigma}_i))'+px(t-{\tau})=0$, $t{\neq}t_{\kappa}$, ${\Delta}(x(t_{\kappa})+{\sum\limits^n_{i=1}}c_ix(t_{\kappa}-{\sigma}_i))+p_0x(t_{\kappa}-{\tau})=0$, $c_i{\geq}0$, $i=1,2,{\ldots}n$, $p{\tau}$>0, $p_0{\tau}$>0, ${\Delta}(x_{\kappa})=x(t^+_{\kappa})-x(t_{\kappa})$. Explicit sufficient and necessary condition are established when $c_i$ = 0, i = 1, 2, ${\ldots}$, n.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.39-48
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• 2007

The stimulus of accommodation A, the stimulus of convergence C and the prism diopter ${\Delta}$ are reviewed and redefined more obviously. How the A and C are managed in the practice are reviewed and summarized. As a result, the common practical process of the binocular vision findings is most suitable in the case of the $l_c=26.67mm$, where the near distance is measured from the test lens to the near target and its value is 40 cm and the average of the P.D equal to 64 mm. The $l_c$ is the distance between the test lens and the center of rotation. Those values were used at calculating the various values in this paper. The error of the stimulus of accommodation values which are evaluated by the practically used formula (5) are calculated. Where the distance between lens and the principle point of eye is 15.07 mm ($=l_H$). The incremental stimulus of convergence values P' caused by the addition prism $P_m$ are evaluated by the recursion computation method. The P' are varied with the $P_m$, the distance $p_c$ between the prism and the center of rotation, the initial convergence value (or inverse target distance) $C_o$ and the refractive index n of the prism material. The recursion computation method and the other formulas are described in detail. In this paper n=1.7 is used. The two factors by which the P' is increased are exist. The one which is major is the property by which the values of convergence whose unit is ${\Delta}$ are not added in the generally way. The other is the that the actual power of the prism is varied with the angle of incidence light. And the P' is decreased remarkably by an increase in the $p_c$ and $C_o$. The $P^{\prime}/P_m$ are calculated and graphed which are varied with the $p_c$ and $C_o$, where the $P_m=20{\Delta}$, P.D=64 mm and n=1.7. The index n dependence of the $P^{\prime}/P_m$ is negligible (refer to fig. 6). The $p_c$ are evaluated at which the P' equal to the $P_m$ for various $P_m$ (refer to table 1). The actual values of the stimulus of convergence and accommodation which are manipulated simply in the practice are calculated. Two graphical forms are suggested. The one is like as the commonly used one. But the stimulus of convergence and of accommodation values in the practice are positioned at the exact positions when the graphic is made (refer to fig. 9). The other is the form that the incremental stimulus of convergence values caused by the addition prisms are represented at actual positions (refer to fig. 11).

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.986-989
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• 2004

The concept and results of a simple constant switching frequency delta modulation scheme suitable for DC-AC power conversion in uninterruptable power supply (UPS) applications are presented. Unlike the traditional delta modulation scheme, the scheme has a well defined harmonic spectrum, resulting in a simple filter design and reduced radio interference.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.283-288
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• 2015

Objective : This study aims to visualize the subjective symptoms before and after the treatment of whiplash injury using infrared (IR) thermography. Methods : IR thermography was performed for 42 patients who were diagnosed with whiplash injury. There were 19 male and 23 female patients. The mean age was 43.12 years. Thermal differences (${\Delta}T$) in the neck and shoulder and changes in the thermal differences (${\Delta}dT$) before and after treatment were analyzed. Pain after injury was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after treatment (${\Delta}VAS$). The correlations between ${\Delta}dT$ and ${\Delta}VAS$ results before and after the treatment were examined. We used Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging equipment of Dorex company for IR thermography. Results : The skin temperature of the neck and shoulder immediately after injury showed $1-2^{\circ}C$ hyperthermia than normal. After two weeks, the skin temperature was normal range. ${\Delta}T$ after immediately injuy was higher than normal value, but it was gradually near the normal value after two weeks. ${\Delta}dT$ before and after treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05). VAS of the neck and shoulder significantly reduced after 2 week (p=0.001). Also, there was significant correlation between ${\Delta}dT$ and reduced ${\Delta}VAS$ (the neck; r=0.412, p<0.007) (the shoulder; r=0.648, p<0.000). Conclusion : The skin temperature of sites with whiplash injury is immediately hyperthermia and gradually decreased after two weeks, finally it got close to normal temperature. These were highly correlated with reduced VAS. IR thermography can be a reliable tool to visualize the symptoms of whiplash injury and the effectiveness of treatment in clinical settings.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2018

We report p-type electrical characteristics of the amorphous $La_2NiO_{4+{\delta}}$ thin films which were sputtered on the glass substrates using an RF sputtering system. As-deposited thin films at room temperature and $300^{\circ}C$ were amorphous in nature. Post-annealing of the thin film samples over $400^{\circ}C$ resulted in the nano-crystallization of the $La_2NiO_{4+{\delta}}$. The electrical properties of the films were much dependent on the oxygen partial pressure, temperature of the post-annealing and sputtering ambient. The as-deposited samples at room temperature show a hole concentration of $7.82{\times}10^{13}cm^{-3}$, and it could be increased as high as $3.51{\times}10^{22}cm^{-3}$ when the films were post-annealed in an oxygen atmosphere at $500^{\circ}C$. Such p-type conductivity behavior of the $La_2NiO_{4+{\delta}}$ films suggests that the amorphous and nano-crystallized $La_2NiO_{4+{\delta}}$ films have potential for the application as p-type semiconductive or conductive materials at low temperatures where material diffusion is limited.