• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2015

Objective : Siegesbeckia Herba can treat various skin disease by expelling wind and removing dampness and clearing away heat and toxic material effects. This study was designed to investigate effects of Siegesbeckia Herba Extracts(SHE) on skin elasticity and whitening using B16F10 cell lines. Method : In this experiment, We observed effect of SHE on cell viability, inhibition of melanin synthesis and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and elastase. Results : 1. SHE treated group showed decreased cell viability rates significantly compared with non-treated group. More than SHE $250{\mu}g/ml$, $500{\mu}g/ml$ and $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of treated groups were lower levels of melanin synthesis respectively. 2. SHE significantly showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro, SHE increased tyrosinase inhibitory activity and elastase inhibitory activity in B16F10 cells, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro. 3. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity and elastase inhibitory activity in B16F10 cells, tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro were not accepted statistical significance compared with non-treated group. 4. SHE treated group showed increased SOD-like activity rates significantly compared with non-treated group. More than SHE $250{\mu}g/ml$, $500{\mu}g/ml$ and $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of treated groups were lower levels of melanin synthesis respectively. Conclusion : These results suggest that SHE can inhibit melanin synthesis and tyrosinase inhibtory activity. So, We suggest that SHE can be maintained skin whitening.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.291-310
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• 1998

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of extracts of Drynariae Rhizoma on the characteristics of rat calvaria cells(RCV) and bone marrow cells(RBM) which have the important role on the bone formation in vitro. Drynariae Rhizoma has been known as the useful herbal medicament for treatment of the wound healing including regeneration of bone fracture, and also has been used to treat the periodontal lesions, tooth mobility, gingival bleeding and pus discharge via sulcus in Oriental Medicine. In control group, the cells were cultured alone with Dulbeco's Modified Eagle's Medium contained with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100U/ml penicillin, $100{\mu}g/ml$ streptomycin, $0.5{\mu}g/ml$ amphotericin-B. In experimental group, extracts of Drynariae Rhizoma(0.1, 1, 5, 10, $50{\mu}g/ml$) were added into the above culture condition. And then each group was characterized by examing the cell proliferation at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 30th day, the amount of total protein synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activity of RCV at 2,4th day and those of RBM at 3, 6th day. And also, the calcified nodule of RCV was examed at 3, 5th day in three goup, control, experimental, culture with the PDGF group. The results were as follow ; 1. Both RCV and RBM cells in Drynariae Rhizoma-treated experimental group proliferated more rapidly than nontreated control group. The experimental group below $5{\mu}g/ml$ Drynariae Rhizoma-treated showed more prominent cell proliferation from the 7th day to the 21st day than the control group and above $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ treated group in RCV. 2. Amount of total protein synthesis was more increased in Drynariae Rhizomatreated group than in control group. In $5{\mu}g/ml$ Drynariae Rhizoma-treated group showed most prominent protein synthesis of the any other exrperimental group and control group. 3. Alkaline phosphatase activity also more increased in Drynariae Rhizomatreated group than control group. 4. Mineralized nodules in Drynariae Rhizoma-treated group were more than not in control group but also in PDGF-treated group. From the above results, Drynariae Rhizoma appeared to enhanced the proliferation, protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity and cellular ability of mineralized nodule formation than PDGF. So that, we conclude that Drynariae Rhizoma enhances the activities of bone cells which have the important role on the periodontal regeneration and optimal application of Drynariae Rhizoma was thought to be useful as the means in bone regeneration.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1192-1199
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• 2019

The intention of this study was to confirm the possible use of an ethanol extracts of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus (NRN) as a cosmetic material. To this end, we extracted NRN with 70% ethanol and performed biological activity evaluation of whitening efficacy and wrinkle reduction. We performed cellular tyrosinase inhibition and melanin contents assay to check the whitening activity of NRN and carried out a toxicity evaluation of NRN via an MTT assay and the amounts of associated proteins that affect melanin production in a melanoma cell line (B16F10). And collagenase inhibitory assay was performed for the evaluation of anti-wrinkle of samples. In addition, a toxicity evaluation using an MTT assay and matrix metalloprotease (MMP-1) and procollagen synthesis inhibition by NRN were evaluated in a fibroblast cell line (CCD-986sk). Western blot results for the whitening activity evaluation revealed that the levels of two proteins related to melanin production, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, collagenase inhibition activity at a concentration of $500{\mu}g/ml$ NRN by measuring epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was increased by more than 80% compared to the control group. Meanwhile, procollagen synthesis was reduced by 68.8% in the UVB-induced CCD- 986sk cells group whereas collagen synthesis recovered by 80.2% with $25{\mu}g/ml$ NRN. The MMP-1 expression rate showed 20.2% reduction at $25{\mu}g/ml$. The results of the experiments verified the whitening and wrinkle suppression effects of NRN and confirmed that it could be used as a safe natural cosmetic material in the future.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-37
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• 1997

The synthesis of high purity and ultra-fine $BaTiO_{3}$ by precipitation with gaseous $NH_{3}$ as precipitator was investigated to find an alternative process to solve various problems of present wet methods. This study consisted of two parts ; synthesis of $BaTiO_{3}$ precipitation with gaseous $NH_{3}$ and test of electrical property for the $La_{2}O_{3}$ doped $BaTiO_{3}$. The proper condition for the synthesis of $BaTiO_{3}$ by precipitation with gaseous $NH_{3}$ is as follows. The pH was 9.0. $H_{2}O_{2}$ mole ratio to $TiCl_{4}$ was 10. $NH_{3}$ gas follow rate did not influence the synthesis of $BaTiO_{3}$. The calcination temperature of $BaTiO_{3}$ was $300^{\circ}C$. Also, the synthesis of $La_{2}O_{3}$-doped $BaTiO_{3}$ was tested through the wet process. Under these condition, the shape of prepared $BaTiO_{3}$ powder was spherical type and the size of that was about $0.2{\mu}m$. After the powder was pressed, this green body was sintered at the $1300^{\circ}C$. Under these conditions, the water absorptance and the density of the obtained sintered body were below 0.04 %, 5.2 g/$cm^{3}$, respectively. Also the grain size of that was about $10{\mu}m$ and it was similar to commercial product.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.199-203
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• 2007

Dental caries is a major worldwide oral disease problem. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) plays an important role in the information of dental plaque and it is being noticed as major causative bacteria of dental caries. Therefore, the development of more effective, substantial and safe preventive agents against dental caries is strongly required. In the present study, inhibitory effects of the ethanol extract of the husk of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) on the growth, acid production, adhesion and water-insoluble glucan synthesis of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) were examined. The ethanol extract of pomegranate husk (250 - 4000 ${\mu}$g/ml) significantly lowered the growth of S. mutans in a dose dependent manner. The acid production of S. mutans were inhibited by the presence of ethanol extract of pomegranate husk (500 - 4000 ${\mu}$g/ml) significantly. The ethanol extract of pomegranate husk (5000 - 4000 ${\mu}$g/ml) also significantly lowered the adherence of S. mutans. In water-insoluble glucan synthesis assay, 1000 - 4000 ${\mu}$g/ml of the ethanol extract of pomegranate husk significantly inhibited the formation of water-insoluble glucan. These results suggest that pomegranate husk may inhibit the caries-inducing properties of S. mutans. Further studies are necessary to clarify the active constituents of pomegranate husk responsible for such biomolecular activities.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.657-659
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• 2004

CAN is a serial communication bus for real-time controls and automations in distributed control systems. In distributed control systems, occasionally a sensor module and a controller are not in the same node and physically separated. In order for the signal from a sensor node to reach the controller node, the signal must travel through network. CAN has a certain capabilities to deal with real-time data. However, when many nodes on the networks try to send data on the same network, the arbitration mechanism to solve the data collision problem is necessary. This situation causes the time delay which has detrimental effects on the performance of the control systems. This paper proposes a method to solve the problem due to the time delay in distributed control system using CAN. Time delay is approximated to an element with a rational transfer function using Pade approximation and Mu~synthesis method is applied. Since time delay in the network is not constant, the time delay element is considered to be an uncertainty block with a bound. The proposed method is applied to the experimental system with CAN and proved to be effective.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.192-197
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• 2009

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Artemisia iwayomogi has afforded five glycoside compounds. Their chemical structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods to be turpinionoside A (1), (Z)-3-hexenyl O-${\alpha}$-arabinopyranosyl-(1${\rightarrow}$6)-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2), (Z)-5'-hydroxyjasmone 5'-O-${\beta}$-Dglucopyranoside (3), (-)-syringaresinol-4-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (4), and methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (5). All of them were isolated for the first time from Artemisia species. The effect of compounds 1 - 5 on the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was examined by checking the cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization. Turpinionoside A (1) significantly increased the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Cell viability, ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization were increased up to 117.2% (2 ${\mu}M$), 110.7% (0.4 ${\mu}M$), 156.0% (0.4 ${\mu}M$), and 143.0 % (2 ${\mu}M$), respectively.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.357-366
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• 2004

Chronic exposure to high levels of manganese leads a pronounce and debilitating disorder known as manganism. Research on the toxic manifestation of manganese have focused primarily on its neurological effects because exposure to high levels of the metal produces a distinct and irreversible extrapyramidal dysfunction resembling the dystonic movements associated with Parkinson's physiological and biochemical systems in the body. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of manganeses on primary rat calvarial cell growth and toxicity. The experimental groups were in concentration of 0, 10, 30, 60, 100, 300 ${\mu}M$. Cell activity was assessed at day 1 and day 3 using a fluorescent molecular probe. Cell proliferation was evaluated at day 1 and day 3 by MTT assay. The amount of total protein synthesis was measured at day 3 and day 7. The results were as follows: The proliferation of primary rat calvarial cells were inhibited by $MnCl_2$ in the concentration exceeding $100{\mu}M$. The primary rat calvarial cells treated with $MnCl_2$ showed similar protein synthesis to the control group except in 100 ${\mu}M$. These result suggest that manganese suppress the viability and protein synthesis of primary rat calvarial cells in concentration exceeding $100{\mu}M$.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.321-325
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• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the possibility of wrinkle-reducing functional cosmetic material of isoquercitrin (IQC) isolated from Nymphoides indica (NP) by measuring the efficacy of ROS inhibition, procollagen synthesis induction, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 inhibition. As a result, ROS tended to be inhibited in a concentration dependent manner, and the procollagen protein synthesis rate was increased by 70% ($5{\mu}g/mL$) and the MMP-1 protein was decreased by 41% ($5{\mu}g/mL$) compared with the control. This was suggested the ability of IQC to induce the procollagen synthesis and to reduce the ROS and MMP-1 production. Therefore, it is considered that IQC isolated from NP has enough value to be a functional cosmetic material.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.69-74
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• 2013

Objectives : Since hypopigmentation is known to increase the risk of skin cancer, melanogenesis in the skin needs to be regulated. Here, we evaluated the melanogenesis stimulatory effects of a modified Goagium herbal remedy (HR) and HR+ox bile (Bos taurus domesticus) extract (OBE) to address hypopigmentation disorders. Methods : B16F10 melanoma cells were treated with different dosages of HR and HR+OBE for 24 to 48 h after 1 h of 10 nM ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH). After the treatment, cell viability, tyrosinase activity, melanin synthesis and the expression of genes related to melanin synthesis were measured and the regulation of the ${\alpha}$-MSH signalling through cAMP responding element binding protein (CREB) was determined. Results : HR and HR+OBE with the ranges of $15{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$ did not affect cell viability in melanoma cells. The 1 h treatment of HR+OBE (50 and $100{\mu}g/mL$) potentiated the phosphorylation of CREB by enhancing ${\alpha}$-MSH signaling and its 24 h treatment increased CREB expression. Consistent with CREB potentiation, their treatment for 24 h, the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MIFT), tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2 were increased in realtime PCR. Ultimately, the 48 h treatment of HR+OBE (50 and $100{\mu}g/mL$) increased tyrosniase activity and melanin contents in the melanoma cells in comparison to the control. Conclusions : HR+OBE (50 and $100{\mu}g/mL$) increases melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells via the stimulation of tyrosinase activity and expression of MIFT, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2. HR+OBE can be used as the a possible treatment for hypopigmentation of the skin.