• 대한수학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.1379-1391
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• 2008

Let k be an imaginary quadratic field, ${\eta}$ the complex upper half plane, and let ${\tau}{\in}{\eta}{\cap}k,\;q=e^{{\pi}{i}{\tau}}$. For n, t ${\in}{\mathbb{Z}}^+$ with $1{\leq}t{\leq}n-1$, set n=${\delta}{\cdot}2^{\iota}$(${\delta}$=2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15) with ${\iota}{\geq}0$ integer. Then we show that $q{\frac}{n}{12}-{\frac}{t}{2}+{\frac}{t^2}{2n}{\prod}_{m=1}^{\infty}(1-q^{nm-t})(1-q^{{nm}-(n-t)})$ are algebraic numbers.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2012

Activated magnetite ($Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$) was applied to reducing $CO_2$ gas emissions to avoid greenhouse effects. Wet and dry methods were developed as a $CO_2$ removal process. One of the typical dry methods is $CO_2$ decomposition using activated magnetite ($Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$). Generally, $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ is manufactured by reduction of $Fe_3O_4$ by $H_2$ gas. This process has an explosion risk. Therefore, a non-explosive process to make $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was studied using $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ and $N_2$. $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and $(NH_4)_2C_2O_4{\cdot}H_2O$ were used as starting materials. So, ${\alpha}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was synthesized by precipitation method. During the calcination process, $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was decomposed to $Fe_3O_4$, CO, and $CO_2$. The specific surface area of the activated magnetite varied with the calcination temperature from 15.43 $m^2/g$ to 9.32 $m^2/g$. The densities of $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ and $Fe_3O_4$ were 2.28 g/$cm^3$ and 5.2 g/$cm^3$, respectively. Also, the $Fe_3O_4$ was reduced to $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ by CO. From the TGA results in air of the specimen that was calcined at $450^{\circ}C$ for three hours in $N_2$ atmosphere, the ${\delta}$-value of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was estimated. The ${\delta}$-value of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was 0.3170 when the sample was heat treated at $400^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours and 0.6583 when the sample was heat treated at $450^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours. $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was oxidized to $Fe_3O_4$ when $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was reacted with $CO_2$ because $CO_2$ is decomposed to C and $O_2$.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2011

본 논문의 목적은 리튬-암모니아 솔루션$(Li(NH_3)_n)$의 실험을 통하여 암모니아물질의 임계점인 $-40^{\circ}C$ 근처에서의 열전특성을 분석하고 이를 증명하는 것이다. 실험 결과 0.58 MPM~1.87 MPM을 갖는 리튬-암모니아 솔루션 $(Li(NH_3)_n)$ 은 온도차$({\Delta}T=0{\sim}15^{\circ}C)$에서 전류가 전압에 비례하는 열전전력을 발생시킨다는 사실을 확인하였다. 본 논문은 열전 물질 개발에 새로운 방향을 제시할 것이다.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.130-137
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• 2001

Backbone dynamics of the catalytic residues in free and steroid-bound $\Delta$$^{5}$ -3- ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas testosteroni has been examined by $^{15}$ N relaxation measurements. The relaxation data were analyzed using the model-free formalism to extract the model-free parameters (S$^2$, $\tau$$_{e}$, and R$_{ex}$). Tyr-34 and Asp-99 exhibit enhanced high-frequency (pico- to nanosecond) internal motions in the free enzyme, which are restricted upon ligand binding, while Asp-38 experiences severe restriction of the internal motions in the fee enzyme, suggesting that Tyr-14 and Asp-99 are more actively involved in the ligand binding than Asp-38. The results also indicate that the H-bond network in the catalytic cavity might be slightly strengthened upon ligand binding, which may have some implications on the enzyme mechanism.he enzyme mechanism.m.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.467-474
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• 2011

In an effort to investigate water pollution characteristics of Juam lake, water samples were collected from three sites (Sites A, B, and C) of Oenam stream which is a typical tributary of rural watershed in the lake and analyzed for N concentration and the corresponding isotope ratio (${\delta}^{15}N$) of ${NO_3}^-$. Concentrations of ${NO_3}^-$ were not dramatically different among the sites; $0.8{\pm}0.2mgNL^{-1}$ (range: $0.0{\sim}4.3mgNL^{-1}$) for Site A, $1.1{\pm}0.2mgNL^{-1}$ ($0.0{\sim}4.3mgNL^{-1}$) for Site B, and $1.1{\pm}0.1mgNL^{-1}$ ($0.1{\sim}2.6mgNL^{-1}$) for Site C. Meanwhile, ${\delta}^{15}N$ tended to decrease with river flow; it was highest for Site A ($45.5{\pm}5.3$‰) followed by Site B ($19.7{\pm}2.0$‰) and Site C ($8.7{\pm}1.5$‰). Such high ${\delta}^{15}N$ values of ${NO_3}^-$ in Site A suggested that ${NO_3}^-$ derived from livestock feedlot (specifically livestock excrete of which ${\delta}^{15}N$ is higher than 10‰) is the predominant pollution sources despite mountainous area occupied the most of land-use in the watershed. Using the two-sources isotope mixing model, it was estimated that the contribution of cropping activities (i.e. fertilization) became greater in down-stream area (Sites B and C) due to the higher agricultural land-use than the up-stream area (Site A). Particularly, during the active cropping season, the low contribution of organic pollution sources indicated that domestic sewage was not the predominant pollution source. Therefore, it was suggested that agricultural sources such as livestock farming and cropping rather than mountainous and residential are the dominant sources of water pollution in the study area. These results could be effectively utilized in elucidating water pollution sources in rural areas and selecting water management practices.

• 대한지하수환경학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.171-179
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• 1999

충북 초청지역에서 산출되는 탄산수는 낮은 pH(5.0~5.8), 높은 이산화탄소분압(about 1 atm, Pc $o_2$) 및 높은 총용존이온함량(＜989 mg/L, TDS)을 보이며. 화학적으로 Ca-HC $O_3$ 유형을 갖는 특징을 보인다. 산소. 수소안정동위원소 및 삼중수소 결과에 따르면 초정탄산수는 천수기원이며. 지표수나 천층지하수와 상당히 혼합된 특성을 보여준다. 탄소동위원소결과($\delta$$^{13}$ $C_{{\Sigma}CO2}$)는 탄산수(-8.6~-5.3$ extperthousand$, $\delta$$^{13}$C)는 심부기원으로부터 유래된 특성을 보여주며. 화강암지역 일반지하수 (-14.4~-6.8$\textperthousand$. $\delta$$^{13}$C)는 탄산수의 영향을 받았으며. 변성퇴적암지역 일반지하수(-17.9~-15.2$\textperthousand$. $\delta$$^{13}$C)는 토양기원탄소와 방해석과의 반응에 의해 조절된 특성을 보여준다. 황동위원소특성($\delta$$^{34}$ $S_{SO4}$＝＋3.5~＋11.3$\textperthousand$)은 탄산수와 지표수와의 혼합과정을 뒷받침해준다. 스트론튬동위원소비($^{87}$ Sr/$^{86}$Sr)는 탄산수(0.7138~0.7156)는 천매암중의 방해석(0.7281~0.7346) 또는 부악광산의 방해석(0.7184)과의 반응과는 무관함을 보여준다. 또한 질소동위원소($\delta$$^{15}$ $N_{NO3}$)를 통하여 탄산수내 높은 함량의 질산염(최대 55.0 mg/L, N $O_3$) 기원으로서는 비료와 축산분뇨임을 확인할 수 있었으며. 질소순환과정에서 탈질산화작용이 수반되었을 가능성을 보여준다. 초정지역 탄산수에 대한 수리화학자료와 각종 동위원소자료를 근거로 초정지역 탄산수에 대한 가능한 직화학적 진화모델을 설정하였다. 탄산수는 심부기원의 $CO_2$의 공급으로 형성된 탄산수가 화강암과의 반응을 통해서 진화되었으며. 이러한 탄산수는 천부로 상승하는 과정에서 지표기원의 지하수와 상당히 혼합되어 형성되었음을 지시한다.시한다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.150-154
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• 1982

중질소요소(重窒素尿素)를 사용(使用) 3품종(品種)에 대(對)한 분시시험(分施試驗)을 폿드에서 수행하였다. 2회분시(回分施)는 4회분시(回分施)보다 통일계(統一系)에 월등히 좋았다. 시비효율(Fe), 이용율(利用率) 및 흡수시비질소효율(吸收施肥窒素效率)(Ef)은 4회분시(回分施)보다 2회분시(回分施)에서 월등히 컸다. Fe의 순위는 Ef의 순위와 같았다. 수량(收量)과 중질소과잉율(重素窒過利率)은 통일계(統一系)가 생육초기(生育初期)에 시용질소(施用窒素)를 많이 흡수(吸收)하여 후기(後期)에 상당히 재전류(再轉流)시킴을 나타내었다. 흡수시비질소(吸收施肥窒素)에 대(對)한 토양질소흡수증가량(土壤窒素吸收增加量) $({\Delta}Ns/Nf)$은 시비(施肥)로 인(因)한 토양질소이용율(土壤窒素利用率)의 지표(指標)가 될 수 있다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1839-1844
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• 2012

We have investigated binding between wild-type and mutant Heat Shock Factor (HSF) DNA binding domains (DBDs) with 17-bp HSE containing a central 5'-NGAAN-3' element by equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation using multi-wavelength technique. Our results indicate that R102 plays critical role in HSE recognition and the interactions are characterized by substantial negative changes of enthalpy (${\Delta}H^0_{\theta}=-9.90{\pm}1.13kcal\;mol^{-1}$) and entropy (${\Delta}S^0_{\theta}=-12.46{\pm}3.77cal\;mol^{-1}K^{-1}$) with free energy change, ${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}$ of $-6.15{\pm}0.03kcal\;mol^{-1}$. N105 plays minor role in the HSE interactions with ${\Delta}H^0_{\theta}$ of $-2.54{\pm}1.65kcal\;mol^{-1}$, ${\Delta}S^0_{\theta}$ of $19.28{\pm}5.50cal\;mol^{-1}K^{-1}$ and ${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}$ of $-8.35{\pm}0.05kcal\;mol^{-1}$, which are similar to those observed for wild-type DBD:HSE interactions (${\Delta}H^0_{\theta}=-3.31{\pm}1.86kcal\;mol^{-1}$, ${\Delta}S^0_{\theta}=17.38{\pm}6.20cal\;mol^{-1}K^{-1}$ and ${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}=-8.55{\pm}0.06kcal\;mol^{-1}$) indicating higher entropy contribution for both wild-type and N105A DBD bindings to the HSE.

• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용곤충학회 2001년도 합동 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.60-60
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• 2001

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.540-546
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• 1993

The effects of fluid flow on the purification of aluminum were studied. As the revolution rate(N) increased, the size of columnar grain decreased gradually. The concentration of solidified crystal was decreased with increasing distance from chill and revolution rate(N). Distribution boundary layer thickness(${\delta}$) was calculated from the solute distribution obtained in solid experimentally and by use of BPS equation. The value of ${\delta}$ changed from about $60{\mu}m$ at N value of 27rpm to about $15{\mu}m$ at N value of 1000rpm. From this result, high purification was obtained by decreasing the diffusion boundary layer under forced convection.