• 식물병연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2015

In the present work, a pair of primers specific to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was designed to allow specific amplification of DNA fragments from any TYLCV isolates using an extensive alignment of the complete genome sequences of TYLCV isolates deposited in the GenBank database. A pair of primers which allows the specific amplification of tomato ${\beta}$-tubulin gene was also analyzed as an internal PCR control. A duplex PCR method with the developed primer sets showed that TYLCV could be directly detected from the leaf crude sap of infected tomato plants. In addition, our developed duplex PCR method could determine PCR errors for TYLCV diagnosis, suggesting that this duplex PCR method with the primer sets is a good tool for specific and sensitive TYLCV diagnosis. The developed duplex PCR method was further verified from tomato samples collected from some farms in Korea, suggesting that this developed PCR method is a simple and reliable tool for rapid and large-scale TYLCV detections in tomato plants.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2014

Pear skin stains on 'Niitaka' pears, which occur from the growing stage to the cold storage stage, reportedly negatively influence the marketing of pears. These stains on fruit skin are likely due to a pathogenic fungus that resides on the skin and is characterized by dark stains; however, the mycelium of this fungus does not penetrate into the sarcocarp and is only present on the cuticle layer of fruit skin. A pathogenic fungus was isolated from the skin lesions of infected fruits, and its pathogenicity was subsequently tested. According to the pathogenicity test, Mycosphaerella sp. was strongly pathogenic, while Penicillium spp. and Alternaria spp. showed modest pathogenicity. In this present study, we isolated the pathogenic fungus responsible for the symptoms of pears (i.e., dark brown-colored specks) and identified it as Mycosphaerella graminicola based on its morphological characteristics and the nucleotide sequence of the beta-tubulin gene. M. graminicola was pathogenic to the skin of 'Niitaka' pears, which are one of the most widely growing varieties of pears in South Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2015

Aspergillus is an important fungal genus used for the fermentation of Asian foods; this genus is referred to as koji mold in Japan and China. A. oryzae, A. sojae, and A. tamari are used in the production of miso and shoyu in Japan, but a comprehensive taxonomic study of Aspergillus isolated from Meju, a fermented soybean starting material for traditional soy sauce and soybean paste in Korea, has not been conducted. In this study, various Aspergillus species were isolated during a study of the mycobiota of Meju, and the aspergilli were identified based on phenotypic characteristics and sequencing of the ${\beta}$-tubulin gene. Most strains of Aspergillus were found to belong to the following sections: Aspergillus (n = 220), Flavi (n = 213), and Nigri (n = 54). The most commonly identified species were A. oryzae (n = 183), A. pseudoglaucus (Eurotium repens) (n = 81), A. chevalieri (E. chevalieri) (n = 62), A. montevidensis (E. amstelodami) (n = 34), A. niger (n = 21), A. tamari (n = 15), A. ruber (E. rubrum) (n = 15), A. proliferans (n = 14), and A. luchuensis (n = 14); 25 species were identified from 533 Aspergillus strains. Aspergillus strains were mainly found during the high temperature fermentation period in the later steps of Meju fermentation.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.402-407
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• 2015

Two new fungal species of the genus Talaromyces, Talaromyces purpurogenus and Talaromyces trachyspermus from the Trichocomaceae family, were recovered during an investigation of fungal communities in soil collected from the Gangwon-do and Jeollanam-do provinces of Korea. These two species have not been previously officially reported from Korea. In this study, detailed descriptions of internal transcribed spacer rDNA and beta-tubulin gene regions of these two fungi are presented. Morphological features of the two fungi in five agar media, potato dextrose, oatmeal, malt extract, czapek yeast extract, and yeast extract sucrose, are also reported. The species were identified on the basis of molecular and morphological analysis, and herein we present data with detailed descriptions and figures.

• Mycobiology
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2017

Three new records of Ascomycota species (Chaetomium acropullum, Phialemonium globosum, Phialemonium atrogriseum) from field soils in Korea are presented in this study. These newly discovered fungal isolates were isolated from field soils from various places across Gyeongnam, Korea in 2016. All the isolates were identified and described based on morphological characteristics, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer and ${\beta}$-tubulin gene sequence data. Morphological features of these fungal species were studied on different agar media: potato dextrose agar, oatmeal agar, malt extract agar, Czapek yeast extract agar, and yeast extract sucrose agar. Full description and illustrations of their morphological characters are provided. These fungal species have not officially been previously reported in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.100-111
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• 2019

Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) caused by Colletotrichum spp. is a destructive disease of apple restricted to a few regions worldwide. The distribution and evolution of GLS symptoms were observed for two years in Uruguay. The recurrent ascopore production on leaves and the widespread randomized distribution of symptoms throughout trees and orchard, suggest that ascospores play an important role in the disease dispersion. The ability of ascospores to produce typical GLS symptom was demonstrated by artificial inoculation. Colletotrichum strains causing GLS did not result in rot development, despite remaining alive in fruit lesions. Based on phylogenetic analysis of actin, ${\beta}$-tubulin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene regions of 46 isolates, 25 from fruits and 21 from leaves, C. karstii was identified for the first time causing GLS in Uruguay and C. fructicola was found to be the most frequent (89%) and aggressive species. The higher aggressiveness of C. fructicola and its ability on to produce abundant fertile perithecia could help to explain the predominance of this species in the field.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.302-316
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• 2022

Many Apiospora species have been isolated from bamboo plants - to date, 34 bambusicolous Apiospora species have been recorded. They are known as saprophytes, endophytes, and plant pathogens. In this study, 242 bambusicolous Apiospora were isolated from various bamboo materials (branches, culms, leaves, roots, and shoots) and examined using DNA sequence similarity based on the internal transcribed spacer, 28S large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and beta-tubulin regions. Nine Apiospora species (Ap. arundinis, Ap. camelliae-sinensis, Ap. hysterina, Ap. lageniformis sp. nov., Ap. paraphaeosperma, Ap. pseudohyphopodii sp. nov., Ap. rasikravindrae, Ap. saccharicola, and Ap. sargassi) were identified via molecular analysis. Moreover, the highest diversity of Apiospora was found in culms, and the most abundant species was Ap. arundinis. Among the nine Apiospora species, two (Ap. hysterina and Ap. paraphaeosperma) were unrecorded in Korea, and the other two species (Ap. lageniformis sp. nov. and Ap. pseudohyphopodii sp. nov.) were potentially novel species. Here, we describe the diversity of bambusicolous Apiospora species in bamboo organs, construct a multi-locus phylogenetic tree, and delineate morphological features of new bambusicolous Apiospora in Korea.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2006

한국농업미생물자원센터(Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, KACC)에 보존되어 있는 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 39 균주와 C. acutatum 5 균주를 ribosomal DNA-ITS와 $\beta$-tubulin 부분염기서열과 PDA와 Benomyl-PDA배지에서의 생장 특성에 의하여 재동정 하였다. 그 결과 13 균주가 Talhinhas 등의 C. acutatum A2 그룹으로, 5 균주가 C. acutatum A3 그룹으로, 1 균주가 C. acutatum A4 그룹으로, 18 균주가 Moriwaki 등의 C. gloeosporioides ribosomal DNA group(RG) 4로 2 균주가 C. gioeosporioides RG6로 2 균주가 c. boninense RG5로 2 균주는 C. coccodes RG2 그리고 1 균주는 c. dematium RG12로 재동정되었다. 이들 중에서 한국에서 분리된 31 균주는 12 균주가 C. acutatum A2 그룹으로, 1 균주가 C. acutatum A3 그룹으로, 14 균주가 C. gloeosporioides RG4 로 2 균주가 C. gloeosporioides RG6로 1 균주가 C. boninense RG5로 그리고 1 균주는 C. dematium RG12로 동정되었다. 더불어 C. acutatum/C. gloeosporioides의 분류적인 특징과 국내 주요 기주별 분포 등에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6007-6012
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• 2013

ANXA2, a member of the annexin family, is overexpressed and plays important roles in tumor development. However, the significance of ANXA2 expression in gastric carcinoma has not been clarified.To elucidate its roles in growth of gastric cancer, ANXA2 expression in SGC-7901 cells was inhibited with a designated siRNA, then cell proliferation, cell cycling, apoptosis and motility were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342 staining and wound healing assay, respectively. To further assess the behavior of ANXA2 deleted SGC-7901 cells, changes of microstructures were observed under fluorescence microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. We found that inhibition of ANXA2 expression caused cell proliferation to decrease significantly with G1 arrest, motility to be reduced with changes in pseudopodia/filopodia structure and F-actin and ${\beta}$-tubulin expression, and apoptosis to be enhanced albeit without significance. At the same time, ANXA2 deletion resulted in fewer pseudopodia/filopodia, non-stained areas were increased, contact inhibition among cells reappeared, and expression of F-actin and ${\beta}$-tubulin was decreased, with induction of polymerized disassembled forms. Taken together, these data suggest that ANXA2 overexpression is important to maintain the malignancy of cancer cells, and this member of the annexin family has potential to be considered as a target for the gene therapy of gastric carcinoma.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2015

동해안에 자생하는 해안식물인 개질경이를 채집하였고, 뿌리로부터 형태적으로 다른 내생균류 20균주를 선발하였다. 개질경이 뿌리에 공생하는 내생균류의 ITS-rDNA 염기서열을 분석하였으며, 분리된 내생균류의 유연관계는 Bayesian 프로그램을 이용하여 계통분석을 하였다. 모든 내생균류의 농축배양여과액을 난장이벼에 처리하여 식물생장촉진활성을 스크리닝하였고, 분리된 균류 중에서 E/PC/10/1 균주가 생장촉진활성이 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. E/PC/10/1 균주의 배양여과액을 HPLC와 GC/MS-SIM을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 식물호르몬인 지베렐린 $GA_1$, $GA_3$, $GA_4$가 정량분석 되었다. 그리고 E/PC/10/1 균주의 명확한 동정을 위하여, beta-tubulin 유전자 염기서열을 이용한 분자적인 방법과 현미경을 이용한 형태적인 방법으로 동정하였다. 최종적으로 E/PC/10/1 균주는 GAs을 생산하는 새로운 P. spinulosum으로 동정되었다.