• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.159-168
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• 1998

Effect of plant growth regulators and end-product on the enzyme activities in cotyledons of Vigna angularis during germination was investigated by measuring the changes of $\alpha-amylase$ activities in attached and detached cotyledons applied growth regulators and sugars. The higher levels of $\alpha-amylase$ in detached cotyledons than those in cotyledons attached to the embryonic axis were due to both faster synthesis and slower degradation of the enzyme in the detached cotyledons than in the attached cotyledons. Levels of $\alpha-amylase$ activity were reduced by high concentrations of glucose and sucrose, and it is suggested that this effect was caused mostly by osmotic stress and partly by end-product repression. In detached cotyledons exogenously supplied $GA_3,$ IAA, kinetin, or their combinations has a small promotive effect on the developmental patterns of $\alpha-amylase$ activity ABA and uniconazole both prevented the synthesis of $\alpha-amylase$. Glucose inhibition of enzyme activity was partly reversed by the application of $GA_3,$ and CAMP. $GA_3,$ and cAMP seemed to act through a similar mechanism. The addition of inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis largely prevented the increase of enzyme activity in the presence or absence of exogenous $GA_3,$. The pretreatment experiments with canavanine indicated that the earlier the time of addition was, the lower the amylase activity was.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2004

Inhibitors of α-amylase are important for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. Using enzyme inhibitor's activity, ethanolic extracts of 87 species in 12 families were screened and compared their inhibitory effect on α-amylase, As a results, we can find that extracts of Distylium racemosum, Acer tegmentosum, Corylapsis veitchiana, Cornus walteri and Corylapsis spicata showed higher α-amylase inhibitory activities than the others and have potential possibility of using control agents for carbohydrate-dependent disease.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2009

Compounds of isolated from roots extract of Pueraria thunbergiana were tested their inhibitory effects on $\alpha$-glucosidase and $\alpha$-amylase. Inhibitory activity of methylene chloride (MC) fraction and ethyl acetate (EA) fraction against $\alpha$-glucosidase showed more than 60% at a concentration of $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Among the nine compounds tested on $\alpha$-glucosidase, biochanin A, (-)-tuberosin and calycosin from MC fraction and daidzein from EA fraction were stronger inhibitors than acarbose ($IC_{50}=530{\mu}g/m{\ell}$), and their $IC_{50}$ were 9, 144, 328 and $20{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. Biochanin A and (-)-tuberosin also inhibited $\alpha$-amylase activity as like as acarbose $IC_{50}=20.5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$), and their $IC_{50}$ were 22 and $348{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. Although daidzein was already known $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory effects, it was newly evaluated that biochanin A and (-)-tuberosin inhibited $\alpha$-glucosidase as well as $\alpha$-amylase, and that calycosin did $\alpha$-glucosidase.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 1996

Bacillus amyloliquefacieus 01용한 회분식 배양시 탄소원인 maltose와 glucose에서 저해제 acetic a acid, lactic acid가 세포성장과 생성물 생성에 미치 는 영향에 대해 검토한 결과, acetic acid가 저해제 로 작용함을 확인하였고, acetic acid 첨가시 초기농 도가 증가할수록 세포성장은 현저하게 감소되었다. ${\alpha}$-Amylase 생성 최대치는 maltose $10g/\ell$ 의 경우 a acetic acid 초기농도 $0.5g/\ell$ 일때 24시간 배양시에 l25unit/ml로 가장 높았고, glucose $10g/\ell$ 의 경우 acetic acid 초기놓도 $2.0g/\ell$ 일때 20시간 배양시에 331.55unit/ml로 가장 높았다. Acetic acid 초기농 도가 과량 일때는 세포의 성장이 최저 상태이고, ${\alpha}$-amylase 생성도 급격히 감소하였다. 저해제로 ace­t tic acid 첨가시 탄소원인 maltose와 glucose를 비 교하면 glucose에서 maltose 보다는 세포가 더 성장되었고, ${\alpha}$-amylase의 생성도 더 많게 나타났으며, 두 가지 탄소원에 다같이 저해 작용을 나타냈다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2002

As inhibitors of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes can prevent hyperglycemia that is known to cause many macrovascular complications, they may prove a useful adjunct to hypocaloric diets in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Inhibitory activities of two hundred and fifteen kinds of medicinal herb extracts against $\alpha$-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) and $\alpha$-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) have been investigated in vitro. Adenophora triphylla, Aneilema keisak, and Morus bombysis significantly suppressed rat intestinal $\alpha$-glucosidase activity iu vitro. Porcine pancreatic amylase was efficiently inhibited by methanol extracts of Epimedium koreanum, Campsis grandiflora and Salvia plebeia. Methanol extract of Epimedium koreanum among the medicinal herbs tested showed the strongest inhibitory activity against porcine pancreatic $\alpha$-amylase with 0.1 mg/ML of $IC_{50}$/. The herb extract also improved glucose tolerance in ICR mice when loaded with 0.9 g soluble starch per kg body weight. Taken together, Epimedium koreanum merits further evaluation as a therapeutic measure.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.203-212
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• 1985

전국 각지 토양으로 부터 채취한 토양균을 screening하여 ${\alpha}-amylase$를 저해하는 물질을 생성하는 균주인 Streptomyces DMC-72를 선발하였다. 이 균주가 생성하는 저해제를 acetone 침전 및 이온 교환 수지인 Amberlite IRC-50, Amberlite CG-50과 SP-Sephadex C-25를 이용하여 분리하였다. 이 물질은 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 뿐만아니라 다른 amylase와 기타 효소에 대해서도 억제작용을 나타내었다. 이 물질은 기질인 soluble starch의 가수분해에 대해서 non-competitive하게 저해작용을 보이주고 있으며 열 및 넓은 범위의 pH에서 안정한 물질이었다. 이 물질은 anthrone 시험과 IR spectrum에 의해서 oligosaccharide계 화합물임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2010

반추동물의 급성 산독증의 예방 및 치료제 개발을 위해 100종의 브라질 식물 추출물을 이용하여 미생물 유래의 $\alpha$-amylase 및 $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 평가하였다. 그 결과 Acacia jurema Mart., Anacardium humile A. St.-Hil., Cedrela odorata L., 및 Guazuma ulmifolia Lam 추출물에서 우수한 $\alpha$-amylase 및 $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 확인하였으며, Plumeria drastica Mart.에서는 우수한 $\alpha$-amylase 특이적 저해활성을, Eugenia uniflora L.에서는 강력한 $\alpha$-glucosidase 특이적 저해 활성을 확인하였다. 6종의 추출물을 대상으로 $\alpha$-amylase에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 평가 결과, 현지에서 항당뇨제로 사용되는 A. humile A. St.-Hil., 추출물($IC_{50}$: $91.2{\mu}g/ml$)이 가장 강력한 저해를 나타내었으며, 항당뇨제로 이용되고 있는 acarbose ($IC_{50}$:$50.5{\mu}g/mL$)의 저해활성에 필적하였다. A. humile A. St.-Hil., 추출물은 $80^{\circ}C$, 또는 0.01N HCl 조건에서 60분간 처리에 활성의 변화가 나타나지 않았으며, 산 처리시에는 오히려 활성의 증가가 나타났다. 또한 A. humile A. St.-Hil., 추출물은 인간 적혈구에 대한 용혈활성을 나타내지 않아 반추동물의 급성 산독증 및 인간 당뇨병 치료에도 이용 가능하리라 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

본 연구는 전분 가수분해효소인 ${\alpha}$-amylase의 효소활성 저해를 통해 식후 혈당조절제 개발 가능성을 확인하고자 메밀의 꽃, 잎, 줄기 및 곡립을 부위별로 분류하고 각각의 시료를 물, 40%, 70%, 100% 에탄올로 추출하고 건조한 추출건조물과 메밀건조 분말시료를 이용하여 in vitro에서 ${\alpha}$-amylase 활성 저해율을 측정하였다. 메밀부위별 물추출건조물(10%, w/w, starch basis)의 ${\alpha}$-amylase 활성 저해율은 꽃 66%, 잎 65%, 곡립 28%, 줄기 12% 순이었다. 이러한 결과는 추출 용매를 40%, 70%, 100% 에탄올로 하였을 때에도 유사하게 나타났다. 단지 잎추출건조물의 경우 70% 에탄올추출건조물의 효소활성 저해율이 100%와 40% 에탄올추출건조물보다 낮게 나타났다. 메밀 꽃과 잎 추출건조물을 기질의 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10% 농도로 각각 첨가했을 때 에탄올로 추출한 꽃추출건조물의 경우 $0.5%{\sim}10%$ 농도에서 ${\alpha}$-amylase 활성을 약 90% 저해하였으며 이는 ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitor인 acarbose와 유사한 수준이었다. 잎의 경우 100% 에탄올추출건조물에서 꽃과 비슷한 결과를 보였으며 40% 에탄올추출건조물에서는 꽃추출건조물보다 저해율이 다소 낮게 나타났다. 물추출건조물과 건조분말의 경우 에탄올추출물보다 꽃과 잎의 효소활성 저해율이 낮았다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 메밀 꽃과 잎 추출건조물은 메밀 줄기 및 곡립 추출 건조물과 비교해서 효소활성 저해율이 높게 나타났으며, 물 추출이나 건조분말보다 100%, 40% 에탄올을 이용했을 때 추출건조물의 효소 저해율이 더욱 큰 것으로 나타나 이들 추출건조물은 식후 혈당조절제로 이용 가능성이 기대되는 소재로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2012

After a mixed carbohydrate diet, inhibition of ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase involved in the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates can significantly decrease the postprandial increase of blood glucose level. In the course of screening these useful enzyme inhibitors, we selected five kinds of bean, using an in-vitro enzyme inhibition assay method. To evaluate the effect of germination process on the functionality of the bean, we investigated the inhibitory activities of the water extracts of non-germinated bean and germinated bean against ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, relevant to postprandial hyperglycemia. We also investigated the oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC), total phenolics content, and postprandial blood glucose lowering effect in rats(Sprague-Dawley rat model). Most germinated beans showed significantly higher ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, compared with non-germinated beans. Among germinated beans, Glycine max had the highest ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity(53.3%). The water extract of germinated Phaseolus vulgaris L. had the highest ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity(95.1%), followed by Glycine max(58.7%), and Glycine max L. Merr(54.1%). Furthermore, the five germinated beans also showed high antioxidant activities in ORAC assay. Results suggested that the germination process may improve and enhance the anti-hyperglycemia potential and antioxidant activity of the bean.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.2222-2226
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• 2011

Amylase is a digestive enzyme that catalyses the starch into sugar. It has been reported that the green tea flavonoid (or polyphenols) (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits human salivary ${\alpha}$-amylase (HSA) and induced anti-nutritional effects. In this study, we performed docking study for seven EGCG-like flavonoids and HSA to understand the interaction mechanism of HSA and EGCG and suggest new possible flavonoid inhibitors of HSA. As a result, EGCG and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) bind to HSA with complex hydrogen bonding interactions. These hydrogen bonding interactions are important for inhibitory activity of EGCG against HSA. We suggested that ECG can be a potent inhibitor of HSA. This study will be helpful to understand the mechanism of inhibition of HSA by EGCG and give insights to develop therapeutic strategies against diabetes.