• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2016

Kunrak, a type of Korea traditional cheese, is made using Tarak, a yogurt produced with makgeolli as the fermentation source. Kunrak is produced by removing whey from Tarak, followed by drying process for safe storage and consumption over a longer period. In this study, we produced kunrak based on the method described in "Imwonsibyukji". Prepared Kunrak was ripening for 96 hours at 20, 30, and $40^{\circ}C$. In order to study characteristics of Kunrak, physiochemical properties (pH, acidity, water contents) and contents of metabolites (organic acids, sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) were analyzed. During ripening, water contents decreased. The main organic acids in Kunrak were citric acid and lactic acid, and the main free sugar was lactose. Main amino acids were glutamate and phenylalanine, and main fatty acid was saturated capric acid. At later ripening, all metabolites increased immediately after preparation. The sensory evaluation score of overall preference was highest for Kunrak, which was ripening at $40^{\circ}C$ for 96 hours. This study was aimed to assay metabolites of Kunrak under various ripening conditions. The results provide basic data to produce conditions for standardized manufacturing of Kunrak.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.800-810
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize the recipes of Hwachae in Korean cookbooks published from the 1600's to 1940's. Methods: We conducted a content analysis of thirteen old cookbooks (Eumsikdimibang, Jubangmun, Jeungbosallimgyeongje, Kyugonyoram, Imwonsibyukji, Gyuhapchongseo, Sieuijeonseo, Buinpilji, Chosunyorijebub, Chosunmusangsinsikyorijebub, Ganpyeonchosunyorijebub, Chosunyori, Chosunyoribub). We collected a total of 99 recipes of Hwachae and analyzed the ingredients used and characteristics of the recipes according to five groups of Hwachae: noodle type Hwachae, dumpling type Hwachae, fruit Hwachae, flower Hwachae, and the others. Results: The noodle type Hwachae included Changmeyon, Smyeon, Nanmyeon, and Waemyeon. Mung bean (81.0%) and Schisandra (95.2%) were mostly employed as solid ingredient and as beverage base, respectively. In the noodle type Hwachae, Wonsobyeong and Sudan belonged to the dumpling type Hwachae, in which mung bean (51.7%) was mostly used as solid ingredient and just water without any additive was used as the most popular beverage base (62.1%) unlike in other types of Hwachae. There were various types of fruit Hwachae, which used different fruits as solid ingredient such as pear, peach, cherry, strawberry, etc. Pears (44.4%) have been employed as the most popular ingredient and sweets such as honey and sugar have been used in all the fruit Hwachae. The flower Hwachae included Hwamyeon, Sunchaehwachae, Jangmihwachae, and Bomhwachae. In all the flower Hwachae, schizandra has been used as a beverage base. Conclusion: These findings provide basic information required for developing standard recipes of traditional Hwachae.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 고문헌인 임원십육지의 제조법을 바탕을 이용하여 계피 및 한약재에 누룩을 발효원으로 넣어 발효시킨 음청류인 계장을 제조하였다. 계장은 $10^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 발효한 후 경시적으로 시료를 채취하여 이화학적 품질특성 및 유기산, 유리당, 유리아미노산 함량을 조사하고 관능평가를 실시하였다. 그 결과 lactic acid, acetic acid, shikimic acid 등의 유기산의 생성으로 인해 pH는 낮아지고 산도는 증가하여 계장의 상큼한 맛과 시큼한 맛이 증가하였다. 전체적인 기호도가 가장 우수한 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일 발효한 시료는 0.5387 mg/mL lactic acid, 0.3810 mg/mL acetic acid, 0.0016 mg/mL shikimic acid를 함유하였으며, 38.18 mg/mL glucose, 7.99 mg/mL maltose, 52.88 mg/mL fructose, 1.64 mg/mL mannitol을 함유하였다. 아미노산 중에서는 계장의 쓴맛에 영향을 주었을 것이라 여겨지는 tryptophan이 가장 많이 함유되어 있었고 이외에도 asparagines, proline, arginine, aspartate 등의 함량이 높게 나타났다. $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효한 계장은 36.70 mg/L tryptophan을 함유하고 있었다. 전체적인 유기산, 유리당, 아미노산의 함량은 $30^{\circ}C>20^{\circ}C>10^{\circ}C$ 순으로 나타났다. 관능평가 결과 $10^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효한 계장의 향의 기호도가 가장 높게 나타났으며 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효한 계장의 맛 기호도와 종합적 기호도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타나 전통 음청류 계장의 재현을 위해서는 제조 후 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효하는 것이 가장 우수할 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 계장의 맛과 관련된 발효 대사물에 관한 본 연구를 바탕으로 계장의 맛과 향을 살리면서 현대인의 입맛에 맞는 다양한 발효조건과 활용방안을 탐색한다면 전통 발효음청류 계장의 대중화가 실현될 것이라 사료된다.