Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.2015.55.2.75

Korean native calf mortality: the causes of calf death in a large breeding farm over a 10-year period  

Kim, Ui-Hyung (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Jung, Young-Hun (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Choe, Changyong (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Kang, Seog-Jin (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Chang, Sun-Sik (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Cho, Sang-Rae (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Yang, Byung-Chul (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Hur, Tai-Young (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research / v.55, no.2, 2015 , pp. 75-80 More about this Journal
Abstract
Calf losses have an economic impact on larger Korean native cattle (KNC) breeding farms due to replacement, productivity, and marketing. However, little research on KNC calf mortality or causes of calf death on large-scale breeding farms has been conducted. Based on medical records and autopsy findings from the Hanwoo experimental station of the National Institute of Animal Science, calf death records from 2002 to 2011 were used to identify the causes of mortality. Mortality rate of KNC calves was 5.7%. Large differences (1.8~12.6%) in yearspecific mortalities were observed. Calf deaths were due to digestive diseases (68.7%), respiratory diseases (20.9%), accidents (6.0%), and other known diseases (2.2%). The main cause of calf death was enteritis followed by pneumonia, rumen indigestion, and intestinal obstruction. The greatest number of calf deaths occurred during the fall followed by summer. These results indicated that enteritis and pneumonia were the main reasons for calf death. However, autopsy findings demonstrated that other factors also caused calf death. This study suggested that seasonal breeding and routine vaccinations are the most important factors for preventing calf death, and improving calf health in high land areas with low temperature.
Keywords
autopsy; calf; disease; Korean native cattle; mortality;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Agerholm JS, Basse A, Krogh HV, Christensen K, Ronsholt L. Abortion and calf mortality in Danish cattle herds. Acta Vet Scand 1993, 34, 371-377.
2 Arnott G, Roberts D, Rooke JA, Turner SP, Lawrence AB, Rutherford KM. The importance of the gestation period for welfare of calves: maternal stressors and difficult births. J Anim Sci 2012, 90, 5021-5034.   DOI
3 Azzam SM, Kinder JE, Nielsen MK, Werth LA, Gregory KE, Cundiff LV, Koch RM. Environmental effects on neonatal mortality of beef calves. J Anim Sci 1993, 71, 282-290.   DOI
4 Chung BH. The major occurance diseases and bacterial respiratory diseases in calf. J Korean Vet Med Assoc 1990, 26, 477-485.
5 Cundiff LV, MacNeil MD, Gregory KE, Koch RM. Between- and within-breed genetic analysis of calving traits and survival to weaning in beef cattle. J Anim Sci 1986, 63, 27-33.   DOI
6 Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Loken T, Osteras O. Calf mortality in Norwegian dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 2009, 92, 2782-2795.   DOI
7 Hur TY, Jung YH, Choe CY, Cho YI, Kang SJ, Lee HJ, Ki KS, Baek KS, Suh GH. The dairy calf mortality : the causesof calf death during ten years at a large dairy farm in Korea. Korean J Vet Res 2013, 53, 103-108.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Hur TY, Kang SJ, Jung YH, Choi CY, Ryu IS, Son DS, Kang TY, Shin SS, Son CH, Kim HJ, Suh GH. Therapeutic effect of eprinomectin against Chorioptes texanus in naturally infected dairy cows reared in Korea. J Vet Clin 2009, 26, 450-456.
9 Kang MI, Han DU, Chung YU, Chung DY, Lee CY, Lee CG, Wee SH, Cho JJ. Survey on Korean-native calves diseases and mortality. Korean J Vet Serv 2001, 24, 223-241.
10 Kim D, Han HY. Effects of colostrum - conferred passive immunity on disease incidence in Korean native calves during the suckling period. Korean J Vet Res 1989, 29, 171-178.
11 Kwon EG, Cho YM, Park BK, Choi CW, Kim YG, Paek BH. Effect of calving season on growth performance, feed intake and disease occurrence of Hanwoo calves. J Anim Sci Technol 2007, 49, 59-66.   DOI
12 Kwon O, Choi K, Lee S, Jeong H, Lee J. Epidemiological investigation of diseases in Korean native suckling calves. J Vet Clin Med 2000, 17, 93-101.
13 Laster DB, Gregory KE. Factors influencing peri- and early postnatal calf mortality. J Anim Sci 1973, 37, 1092-1097.   DOI
14 Lee MS, Choe CY, Oh WY, Cho YM, Lee JW, Kim YK, Seong HH, Yang HJ, Son SG, Na SH, Na GJ. Effects of various estrus synchronization and seasonal breeding in Hanwoo. Korean J Anim Reprod 2001, 25, 29-33.
15 Olson DP, Papasian CJ, Ritter RC. The effects of cold stress on neonatal calves. I. Clinical condition and pathological lesions. Can J Comp Med 1980, 44, 11-18.
16 Patterson DJ, Bellows RA, Burfening PJ, Carr JB. Occurrence of neonatal and postnatal mortality in range beef cattle. I. Calf loss incidence from birth to weaning, backward and breech presentations and effects of calf loss on subsequent pregnancy rate of dams. Theriogenology 1987, 28, 557-571.   DOI
17 Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD. Disease of the newborn. In : Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD (ed.). Veterinary Medicine. A Textbook of the Disease of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Goats, and Horses. 10th ed. pp. 127-171, WB Saunders, Edinburgh, 2007.
18 Sivula NJ, Ames TR, Marsh WE, Werdin RE. Descriptive epidemiology of morbidity and mortality in Minnesota dairy heifer calves. Prev Vet Med 1996, 27, 155-171.   DOI
19 Tarres J, Casellas J, Piedrafita J. Genetic and environmental factors influencing mortality up to weaning of Bruna dels Pirineus beef calves in mountain areas. A survival analysis. J Anim Sci 2005, 83, 543-551.   DOI
20 Svensson C, Linder A, Olsson SO. Mortality in Swedish dairy calves and replacement heifers. J Dairy Sci 2006, 89, 4769-4777.   DOI
21 Torsein M, Lindberg A, Sandgren CH, Waller KP, Tornquist M, Svensson C. Risk factors for calf mortality in large Swedish dairy herds. Prev Vet Med 2011, 99, 136-147.   DOI
22 USDA. Beef 2007-08 Part V: Reference of Beef Cow-calf Management Practices in the United States, 2007-08. pp. 21-26, USDA-APHIS-VS, CEAH, Fort Collins, 2010.
23 Waldner CL, Rosengren LB. Factors associated with serum immunoglobulin levels in beef calves from Alberta and Saskatchewan and association between passive transfer and health outcomes. Can Vet J 2009, 50, 275-281.
24 Wittum TE, Salman MD, King ME, Mortimer RG, Odde KG, Morris DL. Individual animal and maternal risk factors for morbidity and mortality of neonatal beef calves in Colorado, USA. Prev Vet Med 1994, 19, 1-13.   DOI