Coexistence of Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Background and Objectives: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) and carotid disease have medical and social significance, considering their morbidity, disability, and economic consequences. The study objectives were to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) lesions ${\geq}70%$ in patients with AAA, the correlation of AAA diameter with the degree of ICA stenosis and symptoms, and the importance of preventive ultrasound checkups. Subjects and Methods: A prospective non-randomized controlled study including 740 patients, aged from 18-85 years, who were suitable for the inclusion and exclusion criteria and reported at the vascular laboratory of the Institute for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia from 1st of December 2011 to the 1st of November 2012. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$ in patients with AAA is 10.8%. Male representatives have more symptomatic ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$. Patients with small aneurysms more often have asymptomatic ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$. The occurrence of symptoms of carotid disease was more prevalent among patients with ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$ compared to the group with stenosis <70%. There was no correlation found between the grade of ICA stenosis with the size of AAA. Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$ in patients with AAA is found to be 10.8%. Male patients with ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$ more often had symptoms of carotid disease. In the smaller aneurysms, ICA stenosis ${\geq}70%$ occurs frequently, but without the symptoms of carotid disease, and there was no correlation between the size of AAA and the grade of ICA stenosis. Clinical implications of ICA imaging in patients with previously diagnosed AAA is necessary.