Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.22937/IJCSNS.2022.22.5.45

Human Rights in The Context of Digitalization. International-Legal Analysis  

Panova, Liydmyla (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv)
Gramatskyy, Ernest (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv)
Kryvosheyina, Inha (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv)
Makoda, Volodymyr (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv)
Publication Information
International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security / v.22, no.5, 2022 , pp. 320-326 More about this Journal
Abstract
The use of the Internet has become commonplace for billions of people on the planet. The rapid development of technology, in particular, mobile gadgets, has provided access to communication anywhere, anytime. At the same time, there are growing concerns about the behavior of people on the Internet, in particular, towards each other and social groups in general. This raises the issue of human rights in today's information society. In this study, we focused on human rights such as the right to privacy, confidentiality, freedom of expression, the right to be forgotten, etc. We point to some differences in this regard, in particular between the EU, etc. In addition, we describe the latest legal regulation in this aspect in European countries. Such methods as systemic, factual, formal and legal, to show the factors of formation and development of human rights in the context of digitalization were used. The authors indicate which of them deserve the most attention due to their prevalence and relevance. Thus, we concluded that the technological development of social communications has laid the groundwork for a legal settlement of privacy and opinion issues on the Internet. Simultaneously, jurisdictions address issues on every aspect of human rights on the Internet, based on previous norms, case law, and principles of law. It is concluded that human rights legislation on the Internet will continue to be actively developed to ensure a balance of private and public interests, safe online access and unimpeded access to it.
Keywords
human rights; right to be forgotten; protection of personal data; privacy; hate speech;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Montgomery, B.L. (2018). Building and sustaining diverse functioning networks using social media and digital platforms to improve diversity and inclusivity. Frontiers in Digital Humanities, 5, 22.   DOI
2 Sagan, P., & Leighton, T. (2010). The Internet & the future of news. Daedalus, 139(2), 119-125.   DOI
3 Shklovski, I., Lindtner, S., Vertesi, J., & Dourish, P. (2010, September). Transnational times: locality, globality and mobility in technology design and use. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM International Conference Adjunct Papers on Ubiquitous Computing-Adjunct (pp. 515-518).
4 Bazarova, N.N., & Choi, Y.H. (2014). Self-disclosure in social media: Extending the functional approach to disclosure motivations and characteristics on social network sites. Journal of Communication, 64(4), 635-657.   DOI
5 Branum, J., & Charteris-Black, J. (2015). The Edward Snowden affair: A corpus study of the British press. Discourse & Communication, 9(2), 199-220.   DOI
6 Coccoli, J. (2017). The challenges of new technologies in the implementation of human rights: An analysis of some critical issues in the digital era. Peace Human Rights Governance, 1(2).
7 Eakin, P.J. (2015). Self and self-representation online and off. FRAME, Journal of Literary Studies, 28(1), 11-29.
8 Holmes, S., & Redmond, S. (2012). Framing celebrity: New directions in celebrity culture. Routledge.
9 MediaSapiens. (January 24, 2022). The European Parliament wants to limit the opportunities for targeted advertising for Google, Amazon and Facebook.
10 Tabusca, S. (2010). The internet access as a fundamental right. Journal of Information Systems and Operations Management, 4(2), 206-212.
11 DeVito, M.A., Gergle, D., & Birnholtz, J. (2017, May). "Algorithms ruin everything". #RIPTwitter, Folk Theories, and Resistance to Algorithmic Change in Social Media. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3163-3174).
12 Jorgensen, R.F., & Zuleta, L. (2020). Private Governance of Freedom of Expression on Social Media Platforms. Nordicom Review, 41(1), 51-67.   DOI
13 Kneuer, M. (2016). E-democracy: A new challenge for measuring democracy. International Political Science Review, 37(5), 666-678.   DOI
14 Korniienko, P.S. et al. (2021). Contemporary Challenges & the Rule of Law in the Digital Age. Studies of Applied Economics, 39(9).
15 O'Dea, B. (August 20, 2021). Facebook reports increased removal of hate speech across its platforms.
16 Ng, E. (2020). No grand pronouncements here...: Reflections on cancel culture and digital media participation. Television & New Media, 21(6), 621-627. In https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1527476420918828 (access date: 21.01.2022)   DOI
17 Beak, O.P., & Manuilov, E.M. (2017). Information security in the context of information culture. Information and law, 1(20), 74-81.
18 Greenwald, G. (June 6, 2013). NSA collecting phone records of millions of Verizon customers daily. The Guardian.
19 Jang-Jaccard, J., & Nepal, S. (2014). A survey of emerging threats in cybersecurity. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 80(5), 973-993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2014.02.005   DOI
20 Chen, J. et al. (2015, April). Making use of derived personality: The case of social media ad targeting. In Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media.
21 Szymkowiak, A. et al. (2021). Information technology and Gen Z: The role of teachers, the internet, and technology in the education of young people. Technology in Society, 65, 101565.   DOI
22 Politou, E., Alepis, E., & Patsakis, C. (2018). Forgetting personal data and revoking consent under the GDPR: Challenges and proposed solutions. Journal of Cybersecurity, 4(1), tyy001. doi:10.1093/cybsec/tyy001   DOI
23 Zolotar, O.O. (2016). Human rights and freedoms: information dimension. IT law: problems and prospects of development in Ukraine, 59-68.
24 BBC News UA. (May 13, 2014). Користувачі Google отримали "право на забуття".
25 Voigt, P., & von dem Bussche, A. (2017). The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). A Practical Guide, 1st Ed., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 10, 3152676.
26 Vinnyk, O.M. (2020). Legal problems of digitalization in the perspective of new threats to public welfare. Current issues of law: theory and practice, 1(39), 11-18.
27 Chadwick, A. (2008). Web 2.0: New challenges for the study of e-democracy in an era of informational exuberance. I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society, 5, 9-41.
28 Ma, X., Hancock, J., & Naaman, M. (2016, May). Anonymity, intimacy and self-disclosure in social media. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3857-3869).
29 Serhan, D. (2020). Transitioning from face-to-face to remote learning: Students' attitudes and perceptions of using Zoom during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(4), 335-342.   DOI
30 Siegel, D.A. (2013). Social networks and the mass media. American Political Science Review, 107(4), 786-805.   DOI
31 Tully, S. (2014). A human right to access the Internet? Problems & Prospects. Human Rights Law Review, 14(2), 175-195.   DOI
32 Udupa, S., & Pohjonen, M. (2019). Extreme Speech and Global Digital Cultures. Introduction. International Journal of Communication, 13, 3049-67.
33 Yar, M., & Steinmetz, K.F. (2019). Cybercrime and society. Sage.
34 York, J.C. (2021). Silicon Values: The Future of Free Speech Under Surveillance Capitalism. Verso Books
35 Golovko, OM (2019). Digital culture and information culture: human rights in the age of digital transformations. Information and law, 4(31), 37-44.   DOI
36 Giansiracusa, N. (October 15, 2021). Facebook Uses Deceptive Math to Hide Its Hate Speech Problem.
37 The Guardian. (March 13, 2018). Myanmar: UN blames Facebook for spreading hatred of Rohingya.
38 Twitter Inc. (January 8, 2021). Permanent suspension of @realDonaldTrump.
39 Needleman, S.E., Horwitz, J. (April 6, 2021). Computerized glasses arrive - Facebook, Apple and Niantic bet people are ready to embrace the face-borne devices. The Wall Street Journal.
40 Smith, B. (December 5, 2021). How TikTok Reads Your Mind.)
41 Alizadeh, M. et al. (December 16, 2021). Content moderation as a political issue: The Twitter discourse around Trump's ban.
42 Bertuzzi, L. (January 20, 2022). MEPs adopt Digital Services Act with significant last-minute changes.
43 Roth, E. (January 23, 2022). European Parliament approves initial proposal to ban some targeted ads.
44 Jansen, S., & Martin, B. (2015). The Streisand effect and censorship backfire. International Journal of Communication, 9, 656-671.
45 Aswad, E.M. (2018). The future of freedom of expression online. Duke L. & Tech. Rev., 17, 26.
46 Chan-Olmsted, S.M., Cho, M., & Lee, S. (2013). User perceptions of social media: A comparative study of perceived characteristics and user profiles by social media. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 3(4), 149-178.
47 Godwin-Jones, R. (2007). E-texts, mobile browsing, and rich Internet applications. Language Learning & Technology, 11(3), 8-13.
48 Coetzee, L., & Eksteen, J. (2011, May). The Internet of Things - promise for the future? An introduction. In 2011 IST-Africa Conference Proceedings (pp. 1-9). IEEE.
49 Slavko, A.S., & Repin, D.A. (2020). Mechanism for realization and protection of the right to forget. Legal scientific electronic journal, 8, 522-525.
50 Sukhorolsky, P. (2016). The right to be forgotten in the legal system of the European Union: realities, problems and prospects. The science of international law at the turn of the century. Trends in development and transformation, 90-101.
51 Lyon, D. (2014). Surveillance, Snowden, and Big Data: Capacities, Consequences, Critique. Big Data & Society, 1(2), 2053951714541861.   DOI
52 Lapidot-Lefler, N., & Barak, A. (2012). Effects of anonymity, invisibility, and lack of eye-contact on toxic online disinhibition. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 434-443.   DOI
53 Leban, M., Thomsen, T. U., von Wallpach, S., & Voyer, B. G. (2021). Constructing personas: How high-net-worth social media influencers reconcile ethicality and living a luxury lifestyle. Journal of Business Ethics, 169(2), 225-239.   DOI
54 Lui, T.W. (2021). Augmented reality and virtual reality: Changing realities in a dynamic world. Information Technology & Tourism, 23, 637-639.   DOI
55 Rainie, L. et al. (2013). Anonymity, Privacy, and Security Online. Pew Research Center, 5. In http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Anonymityonline.aspx (access date: 21.01.2022)
56 Hasan, L., Morris, A., & Probets, S. (2009, July). Using Google Analytics to evaluate the usability of ecommerce sites. In International Conference on Human Centered Design (pp. 697-706). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
57 Mansell, R. (2012). Imagining the Internet: Communication, innovation, and governance. Oxford University Press.
58 Milan, S. (2015). When algorithms shape collective action: Social media and the dynamics of cloud protesting. Social Media + Society, 1(2), 2056305115622481.   DOI
59 Modha, S., Majumder, P., Mandl, T., & Mandalia, C. (2020). Detecting and visualizing hate speech in social media: A cyber watchdog for surveillance. Expert Systems with Applications, 161, 113725.   DOI
60 Moore, M.J., Nakano, T., Enomoto, A., & Suda, T. (2012). Anonymity and roles associated with aggressive posts in an online forum. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(3), 861-867.   DOI
61 Reglitz, M. (2020). The human right to free internet access. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 37(2), 314-331.   DOI
62 Selwyn, N., Gorard, S., & Furlong, J. (2006). Adults' use of computers and the Internet for self-education. Studies in the Education of Adults, 38(2), 141-159.   DOI
63 Amnesty International. (2019). Surveillance Giants: How the Business Model of Google and Facebook Threatens Human Rights.