Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/aas.2021.8.1.053

Aerodynamics of a wing section along an entry path in Mars atmosphere  

Zuppardi, Gennaro (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II")
Mongelluzzo, Giuseppe (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II")
Publication Information
Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science / v.8, no.1, 2021 , pp. 53-67 More about this Journal
Abstract
The increasing interest in the exploration of Mars stimulated the authors to study aerodynamic problems linked to space vehicles. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the aerodynamic effects of a flapped wing in collaborating with parachutes and retro-rockets to reduce velocity and with thrusters to control the spacecraft attitude. 3-D computations on a preliminary configuration of a blunt-cylinder, provided with flapped fins, quantified the beneficial influence of the fins. The present paper is focused on Aerodynamics of a wing section (NACA-0010) provided with a trailing edge flap. The influence of the flap deflection was evaluated by the increments of aerodynamic force and leading edge pitching moment coefficients with respect to the coefficients in clean configuration. The study was carried out by means of two Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) codes (DS2V/3V solving 2-D/3-D flow fields, respectively). A DSMC code is indispensable to simulate complex flow fields on a wing generated by Shock Wave-Shock Wave Interaction (SWSWI) due to the flap deflection. The flap angle has to be a compromise between the aerodynamic effectiveness and the increases of aerodynamic load and heat flux on the wing section lower surface.
Keywords
wing section Aerodynamics; hypersonic flow; direct simulation Monte Carlo method; wing-flap deflection; shock wave-shock wave interaction;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Anyoji, M., Okamoto, M., Fujita, K., Nagai, H. and Oyama, A. (2017), "Evaluation of aerodynamic performance of Mars airplane in scientific balloon experiment", Fluid Mech. Res. Int., 1(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.15406/fmrij.2017.01.00012.   DOI
2 Bertin, J.J. (1994), Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics, AIAA Education Series, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
3 Bird, G.A. (1998), Molecular Gas Dynamics and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo, Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K.
4 Bird, G.A. (2005), The DS2V Program User's Guide Ver. 3.3, G.A.B. Consulting Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia.
5 Bird, G.A. (2006a), Visual DSMC Program for Three-Dimensional Flows, the DS3V Program User's Guide, Ver. 2.6, G.A.B. Consulting Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia.
6 Bird, G.A. (2006b), "Sophisticated versus simple DSMC", Proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD25), Saint Petersburg, Russia, July.
7 Bird, G.A. (2008), Visual DSMC Program for Two-Dimensional Flows, the DS2V Program User's Guide, Ver. 4.5, G.A.B. Consulting Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia.
8 Bird, G.A. (2013), The DSMC Method, Version 1.1, CreateSpace Independent Publ. Platform, Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A.
9 Bird, G.A., Gallis, M.A., Torczynski, J.R. and Rader, D.J. (2009), "Accuracy and efficiency of the sophisticated Direct Simulation Monte Carlo algorithm for simulating non-continuum gas flows", Phys. Fluids, 21(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3067865.   DOI
10 Braun, R.D. and Manning, R.M. (2006), "Mars exploration entry, descent and landing challenges", Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, Minnesota, U.S.A., March.
11 Edquist, K.T., Hollis, B.R., Johnston, C.O., Bose, D., White, T.R. and Mahzari, M. (2014), "Mars science laboratory heatshield aerothemodynamics: Design and reconstruction", J. Spacecraft Rockets, 51(4), 1106-1124. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.A32749.   DOI
12 Guynn, M.D., Croom, M.A., Smith, S.C., Parks, R.W. and Gelhausen, P.A. (2003), "Evolution of a Mars airplane concept for the ARES Mars scout mission", Proceedings of the 2nd AIAA "Unmanned Unlimited" Systems, Technologies, and Operations - Aerospace, San Diego, California, U.S.A., September.
13 French, J.R. (1986), "The Mars airplane", NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Manned Mars Missions, Working Group Papers, 1, Section 1-4, 406-414.
14 Gallis, M.A., Torczynski, J.R., Rader, D.J. and Bird, G.A. (2009), "Convergence behavior of a new DSMC algorithm", J. Comput. Phys., 228(12), 4532-4548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2009.03.021.   DOI
15 Golomazov, M.M. and Finchenko, V.S. (2014), "Aerodynamic design of a descent vehicle in Martian atmosphere under ExoMars project", Solar Syst. Res., 48(7), 541-548. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0038094614070089.   DOI
16 Huang, F., Jin, X.G., Lv, J.M. and Cheng, X.L. (2016), "Impact of Martian parameter uncertainties on entry vehicles Aerodynamics for hypersonic rarefied conditions", Proceedings of the 30th International Symposium on Rarefind Gas Dynamics:RGD 30, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, July.
17 Justus, C.G. and Johnson, D.L. (2001), Mars Global Reference Atmospheric Model 2001 (Mars-GRAM2001) User Guide, NASA TM 2001-210961, NASA.
18 Mars Aircraft (2020), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_aircraft#Airplanes.
19 NASA Glenn Research Center, Mars Atmosphere Model (1996), https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K12/airplane/atmosmre.html.
20 Moss, J.N. (1995), "Rarefied flows of planetary entry capsules", AGARD-R-808, 95-129, Proceedings of the Special Course on "Capsule Aerothermodynamics", Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium, May.
21 Smith, S.C., Hahn, A.S., Johnson, W.R., Kinnery, D.J., Pollitt, J.A. and Reuther, J.J. (2000), "The design of the Canyon Flyer, an airplane for Mars exploration", Proceedings of the 38th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nevada, U.S.A., January.
22 Raju, M. (2015), "CFD analysis of Mars Phoenix capsules at Mach number 10", J. Aeronaut. Aero. Eng., 4(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2168-9792.1000141.   DOI
23 Reed, R.D. (1978), "High-flying Mini-Sniffer RPV - Mars bound", Astronaut. Aeronaut., 16, 26-39.
24 Shen, C. (2005), Rarefied Gas Dynamic: Fundamentals, Simulations and Micro Flows, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
25 Viviani, A. and Pezzella, G. (2013), "Non-equilibrium computational flow field analysis for the design of Mars manned entry vehicles", Prog. Flight Phys., 5, 493-516. https://doi.org/10.1051/eucass/201305493.   DOI
26 Zuppardi, G. (2018a), "Effects of SWBLI and SWSWI in Mars atmosphere entry", Proceedings of the 31st International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD31), Glasgow, U.K., July.
27 Zuppardi, G. (2018b), "Effects of chemistry in Mars entry and Earth re-entry", Adv. Aircraft Spacecraft Sci., 5(1), 581-594. https://doi.org/10.12989/aas.2018.5.5.581.   DOI
28 Zuppardi, G. (2019a), "Influence of the Mars atmosphere model on aerodynamics of an entry capsule", Adv. Aircraft Spacecraft Sci., 6(3), 239-256.https://doi.org/10.12989/aas.2019.6.3.239.   DOI
29 Zuppardi, G. (2020), "Influence of the Mars atmosphere model on aerodynamics of an entry capsule: Part II", Adv. Aircraft Spacecraft Sci., 7(3), 229-249. https://doi.org/10.12989/aas.2020.7.3.229.   DOI
30 Zuppardi, G. (2019b), "Influence of the Mars Atmosphere Model on 3-D aerodynamics of an entry capsule", Proceedings of the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Workshop DSMC19, Santa Fe, New Mexico, U.S.A., September.
31 Zuppardi, G. and Savino, R. (2015), "DSMC Aero-thermo-dynamic analysis of a deployable capsule for Mars atmosphere entry", Proceedings of the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Workshop DSMC15, Kauai, Hawaii, U.S.A., September.