Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.5.437

Influence of connection detailing on the performance of wall-to-wall vertical connections under cyclic loading  

Hemamalini, S. (College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University)
Vidjeapriya, R. (College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University)
Publication Information
Advances in concrete construction / v.9, no.5, 2020 , pp. 437-448 More about this Journal
Abstract
In high rise buildings that utilize precast large panel system for construction, the shear wall provides strength and stiffness during earthquakes. The performance of a wall panel system depends mainly on the type of connection used to transfer the forces from one wall element to another wall element. This paper presents an experimental investigation on different types of construction detailing of the precast wall to wall vertical connections under reverse cyclic loading. One of the commonly used connections in India to connect wall to wall panel is the loop bar connection. Hence for this study, three types of wet connections and one type of dry connection namely: Staggered loop bar connection, Equally spaced loop bar connection, U-Hook connection, and Channel connection respectively were used to connect the precast walls. One third scale model of the wall was used for this study. The main objective of the experimental work is to evaluate the performance of the wall to wall connections in terms of hysteretic behaviour, ultimate load carrying capacity, energy dissipation capacity, stiffness degradation, ductility, viscous damping ratio, and crack pattern. All the connections exhibited similar load carrying capacity. The U-Hook connection exhibited higher ductility and energy dissipation when compared to the other three connections.
Keywords
precast concrete; wall to wall; wet connections; dry connections; reverse cyclic loading;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Smith, B.J., Kurama, Y.C. and McGinnis, M.J. (2013), "Behavior of precast concrete shear walls for seismic regions: Comparison of hybrid and emulative specimens", J. Struct. Eng., 139(11), 1917-1927. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000755.   DOI
2 Smith, B.J., Kurama, Y.C. and McGinnis, M.J. (2015), "Perforated hybrid precast shear walls for seismic regions", ACI Struct. J., 112(3), 359-370. https://doi.org/10.14359/51687410.   DOI
3 Smith, D.J.P. (2016), "Investigation of grouted dowel connection for precast concrete wall construction", Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository, 4298.
4 Sorensen, J.H., Herfelt, M.A., Hoang, L.C. and Muttoni, A. (2018), "Test and lower bound modeling of keyed shear connection in RC shear walls", Eng. Struct., 155, 115-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct. 2017.11.004.   DOI
5 Sorensen, J.H., Hoang, L.C., Fischer, G. and Olesen, J.F. (2015), "Construction-friendly ductile shear joints for precast concrete panels", Proceedings of the International Conference on Performance-based and Life-cycle Structural Engineering.
6 Joergensen, H.B. and Hoang, L.C. (2013), "Tests and limit analysis of loop connections between precast concrete elements loaded in tension", Eng. Struct., 52, 558-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct. 2013.03.015.   DOI
7 Joergensen, H.B. and Hoang, L.C. (2015), "Load carrying capacity of keyed joints reinforced with high strength wire rope loops", Proceedings of fib Symposium 2015.
8 Joergensen, H.B., Hoang, L.C. and Hagsten, L.G. (2017), "Strength of precast concrete shear joints reinforced with high-strength wire ropes", Inst. Civil Eng. Proc. Struct. Build., 170(3), 168-179. https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.16.00096.   DOI
9 Kam, W.Y., Pampanin, S. and Elwood, K. (2011), "Seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings in the 22 February Christchurch (Lyttelton) earthquake", Bull. N.Z. Soc. Earthq. Eng., 44(4), 239-278. https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.44.4.239-278.
10 Kurama, Y.C. (2005), "Seismic design of partially post-tensioned precast concrete walls", PCI J., 50(4), 100-125.   DOI
11 Li, L. and Jiang, Z. (2016), "Flexural behavior and strut and tie model of joints with headed bar details connecting precast members", Perspect. Sci., 7, 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pisc.2015. 11.041.   DOI
12 Marriott, D., Pampanin, S., Bull, D.K. and Palermo, A. (2008), "Dynamic testing of precast, post-tensioned rocking wall systems with alternative dissipating solutions", Bull. N.Z. Soc. Earthq. Eng., 41(2), 90-103. https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.41.2.90-103.
13 Ni, X., Cao, S., Li, Y. and Liang, S. (2019), "Stiffness degradation of shear walls under cyclic loading: experimental study and modelling", B. Earthq. Eng., 17(9), 5183-5216. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10518-019-00682-5.   DOI
14 Ong, K.C.G., Hao, J.B. and Paramasivam, P. (2006), "Flexural behavior of precast joints with horizontal loop connections", ACI Struct. J., 103(5), 664-671.
15 Perez, F.J., Pessiki, S. and Sause, R. (2013), "Experimental lateral load response of unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete walls", ACI Struct. J., 110(6), 1045-1055.
16 Park, R. (1988), "State-of-the art report on ductility evaluation from laboratory and analytical testing", Proceedings of the 9th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Science Council of Japan, Tokyo.
17 Park, R. (2003), "The fib state-of-the-art report on the seismic design of precast concrete building structures", Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering.
18 Park, R. and Paulay, T. (1975), Reinforced Concrete Structures, Wiley, New York.
19 Perez, F.J., Sause, R. and Pessiki, S. (2007), "Analytical and experimental lateral load behavior of unbonded post tensioned precast concrete walls", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 133(11), 1531-1540. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007) 133:11(1531).   DOI
20 Erkmen, B. and Schultz, A.E. (2009), "Self-centering behavior of unbonded, post-tensioned precast concrete shear walls", J. Earthq. Eng., 13(7), 1047-1064. https://doi.org /10.1080/13632460902859136.   DOI
21 FEMA P440A (2009), Effects of Strength and Stiffness Degradation on Seismic Response, Applied Technology Council, California.
22 Henry, R.S., Brooke, N.J., Sritharan, S. and Ingham, J.M. (2012), "Defining concrete compressive strain in unbonded post- tensioned walls", ACI Struct. J., 109(1), 101-111.
23 Hofheins, C.L., Reaveley, L.D. and Pantelides, C.P. (2002), "Behavior of welded plate connections in precast concrete panels under simulated seismic loads", PCI J., 47(4), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij. 07012002.122.133.   DOI
24 Holden, T., Restrepo, J. and Mander, J.B. (2003), "Seismic performance of precast reinforced and prestressed concrete walls", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 129(3), 286-296. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:3(286).   DOI
25 Ibrahim, I.S., Padil, K.H., Bady, H.M.A., Saim, A.A. and Sarbini, N.N. (2014), "Ultimate shear capacity and failure of shear key connection in precast concrete construction", Malays. J. Civil Eng., 26(3), 414-430.
26 Ajrab, J.J., Pekcan, G. and Mander, J.B. (2004), "Rocking wall-frame structures with supplemental tendon systems", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 130(6), 895-903. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:6 (895).   DOI
27 Alameddine, F. and Ehsani, M.R. (1991), "High-strength RC connections subjected to inelastic cyclic loading", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 117(3), 829-850. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9455(1991)117:3 (829).   DOI
28 IS 10262 (2009), Guidelines for Concrete Mix Design Proportioning, Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi.
29 Araujo, D.L., Curado, M.C. and Rodrigues, P.F. (2014), "Loop connection with fibre reinforced precast concrete components in tension", Eng. Struct., 72, 140-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.04.032.   DOI
30 Pramodh, R., Shripriyadharshini, V. and Vidjeapriya, R. (2018), "Shear behavior of horizontal joints between precast panels", Asian J. Civil Eng., 19(1), 651-662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-018-0053-0.   DOI
31 Belleri, A., Schoettler, M.J., Restrepo, J.I. and Fleischman, R.B. (2014), "Dynamic behaviour of rocking and hybrid cantilever walls in a precast concrete building", ACI Struct. J., 111(3), 661-671.
32 Biswal, A., Prasad, A.M. and Sengupta, A.K. (2018), "Study of shear behaviour of grouted vertical joints between precast concrete wall panels under direct shear loading", Struct. Concrete, 20(2), 1-19. https://doi.org /10.1002/suco.201800064.
33 Soudki, K.A., West, J.S., Rizkalla, S.H. and Blackett, B. (1996), "Horizontal connections for precast concrete shear wall panels under cyclic shear loading", PCI J., 41(3), 64-80.
34 IS 13920 (2016), Code of Practice for Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces, New Delhi.
35 IS 800 (2007), Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel, New Delhi.
36 IS 456 (2000), Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete, New Delhi.
37 Cheok, G.S. and Lew, H.S. (1993), "Model precast concrete beam-to column connections subjected to cyclic loading", PCI J., 38(4), 80-92.   DOI
38 Sorensen, J.H., Hoang, L.C., Olesen, J.F. and Fischer, G. (2016), "Test and analysis of a new ductile shear connection design for RC shear walls", Struct. Concrete, 18(1), 189-204. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco. 201600056.   DOI
39 Sorensen, J.H., Hoang, L.C., Olesen, J.F. and Fischer, G. (2017a), "Testing and modeling dowel and catenary action in rebars crossing shear joints in RC", Eng. Struct., 145, 234-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. engstruct.2017.05.020.   DOI
40 Sorensen, J.H., Hoang, L.C., Olesen, J.F. and Fischer, G. (2017b), "Tensile capacity of loop connections grouted with concrete or mortar", Mag. Concrete Res., 69(17), 892-904. https://doi.org/10.1680/ jmacr.16.00466.   DOI
41 Taheri, H., Hejazi, F., Vaghei, R., Jaafar M.S. and Ali, A.A.A. (2016), "New precast wall connection subjected to rotational loading", Period. Polytech-Civil, 60(4), 547-560. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.8545.   DOI
42 Vaghei, R., Hejazi, F., Taheri, H., Jaafar, M.S. and Ali, A.A.A. (2016), "A new precast wall connection subjected to monotonic loading", Comput. Concrete, 17(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.1.001.   DOI
43 Yu, H.J., Kang, S.M., Park, H.G. and Chung, L. (2019), "Cyclic loading test of structural walls with small openings", Int. J. Concrete Struct. Mater., 13(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-019-0352-1.   DOI
44 Vaghei, R., Hejazi, F., Taheri, H., Jaafar, M.S. and Aziz, F.N.A.A. (2017), "Development of a new connection for precast concrete walls subjected to cyclic loading", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 16(1), 97-117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-017-0371-3.   DOI
45 Vaghei, R., Hejazi., F., Firoozi, A.A. and Jaafar M.S. (2019), "Performance of loop connection in precast concrete walls subjected to lateral loads", Int. J. Civil Eng., 17(3), 397-426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-018-0366-0.   DOI
46 Vidjeapriya, R. and Jaya, K.P. (2013), "Experimental study on two simple mechanical precast beam-column connections under reverse cyclic loading", J. Perform. Constr. Facil., ASCE, 27(4), 402-414. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000324.   DOI
47 Rossley, N., Aziz, F.N.A.A., Chew, H.C. and Farzadnia, N. (2014b), "Behaviour of vertical loop bar connection in precast wall subjected to shear load", Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 8(1), 370-380.
48 Restrepo, J.I. and Rahman, A. (2007), "Seismic performance of self centering structural walls incorporating energy dissipators", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 133(11), 1560-1570. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:11(1560).   DOI
49 Rodrigues, H., Furtado, A. and Arede, A. (2017), "Experimental evaluation of energy dissipation and viscous damping of repaired and strengthened RC columns with CFRP jacketing under biaxial load", Eng. Struct., 145, 162-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.05.021.   DOI
50 Rossley, N., Aziz, F.N.A.A. and Chew, H.C. (2014a), "Behaviour of precast walls connection subjected to shear load", J. Eng. Sci. Technol., 10, 142-150.
51 Ryu, H.K., Kim, Y.J. and Chang, S.P. (2007), "Experimental study on static and fatigue strength of loop joints", Eng. Struct., 29(2), 145-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.04.014.   DOI
52 Shen, S.D., Pan, P., Miao, Q.S., Li, W.F. and Gong, R.H. (2019), "Behaviour of wall segments and floor slabs in precast reinforced concrete shear walls assembled using steel shear keys", Struct. Control Hlth., 301(15), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2418.
53 Smith, B.J. and Kurama, Y.C. (2014), "Seismic design guidelines for solid and perforated hybrid precast concrete shear walls", PCI J., 59(3), 43-59. https://doi.org/ 10.15554/pcij.06012014.43.59.   DOI
54 Smith, B.J., Kurama, Y.C. and McGinnis, M.J. (2011), "Design and measured behavior of a hybrid precast concrete wall specimen for seismic regions", J. Struct. Eng., 137(10), 1052-1062. https://doi.org/ 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000327.   DOI