Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/csm.2021.10.6.475

Some aspects of the analyses of glass structures exposed to impact load  

Grozdanic, Gabrijela (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, University of Split)
Galic, Mirela (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, University of Split)
Marovic, Pavao (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, University of Split)
Publication Information
Coupled systems mechanics / v.10, no.6, 2021 , pp. 475-490 More about this Journal
Abstract
With glass becoming a structural material there is a whole new approach for loading and ensuring the safety of construction. Due to its brittle nature, it is necessary to predict all possible problems so that structural integrity would not be endangered. In this paper, different approaches to modelling the glass elements are presented with references to the advantages, disadvantages, and application of each of them. The intention is clear, there is a need to improve and simplify the design guidelines. Given the increasing use of glass in construction it is not practical to produce experimental tests each time when the verification is needed. Today, architecture is bringing us different types of structures and every project presents a new challenge for engineers. A practical and simple approach is crucial for progress and efficiency. In this paper, different approaches to modelling glass are presented with an emphasis on soft body impact.
Keywords
glass structures; impact load; pendulum test;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Peroni, M., Solomos, G., Pizzinato, V. and Larcher, M. (2011), "Experimental investigation of high strain-rate behaviour of glass", Appl. Mech. Mater., 82, 63-68. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.82.63.   DOI
2 prEN 13474-3 (2009), Glass in Building-Determination of the Strength of Glass Panes-Part 3: General Method of Calculation and Determination of Strength of Glass by Testing, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium.
3 Quaglini, V., Cattaneo, S. and Biolzi, L. (2020), "Numerical assessment of laminated cantilevered glass plates with point fixings", Glass Struct. Eng., 5, 187-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40940-020-00119-5.   DOI
4 Ibrahimbegovic, A. and Mejia Nava, R.A. (2021), "Heterogeneities and material-scales providing physicallybased damping to replace Rayleigh damping for any structure size", Couple. Syst. Mech., 10(3), 201-216. https://doi.org/10.12989/csm.2021.10.3.201.   DOI
5 Imamovic, I., Ibrahimbegovic, A. and Hajdo, E. (2019), "Geometrically exact initially curved Kirchhoff's planar elasto-plastic beam", Couple. Syst. Mech., 8(6), 537-553. https://doi.org/10.12989/csm.2019.8.6.537.   DOI
6 Wang, X., Yang, J., Liu, Q., Zhang, Y. and Zhao, C. (2017), "A comparative study of numerical modelling techniques for the fracture of brittle materials with specific reference to glass", Eng. Struct., 152, 493-505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.050.   DOI
7 Reich, S. and Sagar Vanapalli, M.R. (2018), "Hard body impact on glass panes and the fracture energy equilibrium", Procedia Struct. Integ., 13, 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.005.   DOI
8 Schneider, J. and Schula, S. (2013), "Simulating soft body impact on glass structures", Struct. Build., 169(6), 416-431. http://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.13.00112.   DOI
9 Brendler, J.S., Haufe, A. and Ummenhofer, T. (2004), "A detailed numerical investigation of insulated glass subjected to the standard pendulum test", Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Application of Architectural Glass, Munchen, Germany, November.
10 Van Dam, S., Pelfrene, J., De Pauw, S. and Van Paepegem, W. (2014), "Experimental study on the dynamic behaviour of glass fitted with safety window film with a small-scale drop weight set-up", Int. J. Impact Eng., 73, 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.06.002.   DOI
11 Irwin, G.R. (1957), "Analysis of stresses and strains near the end of a crack traversing a plate", J. Appl. Mech., 24, 361-364. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4011547.   DOI
12 Viviani, L., Consolaro, A., Maffeis, M. and Royer-Carfagni, G. (2021), "Engineered modelling of the softbody impact test on glazed surfaces", Eng. Struct., 226(S1), 111315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111315.   DOI
13 Han, T., Eliasova, M. and Sokol, Z. (2018), "Four point bending tests of double laminated glass panels", Proceedings of the 24th International Conference Engineering Mechanics 2018, Svratka, Czech Republic.
14 Timmel, M., Kolling, S., Osterrieder, P. and Du Bois, P.A. (2007), "A finite element model for impact simulation with laminated glass", Int. J. Impact Eng., 34(8), 1465-1478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.07.008.   DOI
15 Alonso, J., Parra, J.A., Pacios, A. and Huerta, M.C. (2019), "Similarity index: A procedure for comparing impact time histories validated with soft impact test", Eng. Struct., 198, 109513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109513.   DOI
16 Carter, C.B. and Norton, M.G. (2013), Ceramic Materials, Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
17 Daryadel, S.S., Mantena, P.R., Kim, K., Stoddard, D. and Rajendran, A.M. (2016), "Dynamic response of glass under low-velocity impact and high strain-rate SHPB compression loading", J. Non-Crystal. Solid., 432(Part B), 432-439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.10.043.   DOI
18 Froling, M., Persson, K. and Austrell, P.E. (2014), "A reduced model for the design of glass structures subjected to dynamic impulse load", Eng. Struct., 80, 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.08.043.   DOI
19 Do, X.N. and Ibrahimbegovic, A. (2018), "2D continuum viscodamage-embedded discontinuity model with second order mid-point scheme", Couple. Syst. Mech., 7(6), 669-690. https://doi.org/10.12989/csm.2018.7.6.669.   DOI
20 Guidance for European Structural Design of Glass Components (2014), European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Report EUR 26439 EN, Luxembourg.
21 Molnar, G., Vigh, L.G., Stocker, G. and Dunai, L. (2012), "Finite element analysis of laminated structural glass plates with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer", Periodica Polytechnica Civil Eng., 56(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.3311/pp.ci.2012-1.04.   DOI
22 Orowan, E. (1949), "Fracture and strength of solids", Rep. Prog. Phys., 12(1), 185-232.   DOI
23 Osnes, K., Holmen, J.K., Hopperstad, O.S. and Borvik, T. (2019), "Fracture and fragmentation of blast-loaded laminated glass: An experimental and numerical study", Int. J. Impact Eng., 132, 103334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.103334.   DOI
24 HR EN 12600:2006 (EN 12600:2002) (2006), Glass in Building-Pendulum Test-Impact Test Method and Classification for Flat Glass, Croatian Standards Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
25 Osnes, K., Hopperstad, O.S. and Borvik, T. (2020), "Rate dependent fracture of monolithic and laminated glass: Experiments and simulations", Eng. Struct., 212, 110516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110516.   DOI
26 HR EN 356:2006 (EN 356:1999) (2006), Glass in Building-Security Glazing-Testing and Classification of Resistance against Manual Attack, Croatian Standards Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
27 Griffith, A.A. (1920), "The phenomena of rupture and flow in solids", Philos. Tran., Ser. A, 221, 163-198.
28 Zhang, X. and Hao, H. (2015), "Experimental and numerical study of boundary and anchorage effect on laminated glass windows under blast loading", Eng. Struct., 90, 96-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.02.022.   DOI
29 Yankelevsky, D.Z. (2014), "Strength prediction of annealed glass plates-A new model", Eng. Struct., 79, 244-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.08.017.   DOI
30 Pacios, A., Postigo, S. and Huerta, C. (2011), "Relationship between characteristic parameters of impact test for safety glasses", Stahlbau Spezial, 80(S1), 61-66. https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.201120008.   DOI
31 Overend, M., De Gaetano, S. and Haldimann, M. (2007), "Diagnostic interpretation of glass failure", Struct. Eng. Int., 17(2), 151-158. https://doi.org/10.2749/101686607780680790.   DOI
32 Parra, J.A., Alonso, J., Pacios, A. and Huerta, M.C. (2019), "Effective energy applied to a glass plate during an impact test", Int. J. Impact Eng., 130(3-4), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.03.008.   DOI
33 Pelfrene, J. (2016), "Numerical analysis of the post-fracture response of laminated glass under impact and blast loading", Ph.D. Dissertation, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
34 Pelfrene, J., Kuntsche, J., Van Dam, S., Van Paepegem, W. and Schneider, J. (2016), "Critical assessment of the post-breakage performance of blast loaded laminated glazing: Experiments and simulations", Int. J. Impact Eng., 88, 61-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.09.008.   DOI
35 Pelfrene, J., Van Dam, S., Kuntsche, J. and Van Paepegem, W. (2016), "Numerical simulation of the EN 12600 pendulum test for structural glass", Proceedings of the Conference on Architectural and Structural Applications of Glass-Challenging Glass 5, Ghent, Belgium, June.
36 Zhang, X., Zou, Y., Hao, H., Li, X., Ma, G. and Liu, K. (2012), "Laboratory test on dynamic material properties of annealed float glass", Int. J. Protect. Struct., 3(4), 407-430. https://doi.org/10.1260/2041-4196.3.4.407.   DOI
37 Zhang, X., Hao, H. and Ma, G. (2013), "Laboratory test and numerical simulation of laminated glass window vulnerability to debris impact", Int. J. Impact Eng., 55, 49-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.01.002.   DOI
38 Zhang, X., Hao, H. and Wang, Z. (2015), "Experimental study of laminated glass window responses under impulsive and blast loading", Int. J. Impact Eng., 78, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.11.020.   DOI