Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/csm.2013.2.1.023

Analytical model for estimation of digging forces and specific energy of cable shovel  

Stavropoulou, M. (Department of Dynamic, Tectonic and Applied Geology, Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, University of Athens)
Xiroudakis, G. (Mining Engineering Design Laboratory, Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete)
Exadaktylos, G. (Mining Engineering Design Laboratory, Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete)
Publication Information
Coupled systems mechanics / v.2, no.1, 2013 , pp. 23-51 More about this Journal
Abstract
An analytical algorithm for the estimation of the resistance forces exerted on the dipper of a cable shovel and the specific energy consumed in the cutting-loading process is presented. Forces due to payload and to cutting of geomaterials under given initial conditions, cutting trajectory of the bucket, bucket's design, and geomaterial properties are analytically computed. The excavation process has been modeled by means of a kinematical shovel model, as well as of dynamic payload and cutting resistance models. For the calculation of the cutting forces, a logsandwich passive failure mechanism of the geomaterial is considered, as has been found by considering that a slip surface propagates like a mixed mode crack. Subsequently, the Upper-Bound theorem of Limit Analysis Theory is applied for the approximate calculation of the maximum reacting forces exerted on the dipper of the cable shovel. This algorithm has been implemented into an Excel$^{TM}$ spreadsheet to facilitate user-friendly, "transparent" calculations and built-in data analysis techniques. Its use is demonstrated with a realistic application of a medium-sized shovel. It was found, among others, that the specific energy of cutting exhibits a size effect, such that it decreases as the (-1)-power of the cutting depth for the considered example application.
Keywords
ground-tool interaction; cable shovel; passive earth theory; limit analysis; fracture mechanics; cutting force; specific energy;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Awuah-Offei, K. and Frimpong, S. (2007), "Cable shovel digging optimization for energy efficiency", Mech. Mach. Theory, 42(8), 995-1006.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Awuah-Offei, K. and Frimpong, S. (2011), "Efficient cable shovel excavation in surface mines", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 29(1), 19-26.   DOI
3 Blouin, S., Hemami, A. and Lipsett, M. (2001), "Review of resistive force models for earthmoving processes", J. Aerospace Eng., 14(3), 102-111.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Chen, W.F. (1975), Limit analysis and soil plasticity, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam.
5 Detournay, E. and Atkinson, C. (2000), "Influence of pore pressure on the drilling response in low-permeability shear-dilatant rocks", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min., 37(7), 1091-1101.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Exadaktylos, G. and Xiroudakis, G. (2009), "A G2 constant displacement discontinuity element for analysis, of crack problems", Comput Mech, 45(4), 245-261.
7 Exadaktylos, G. and Xiroudakis, G. (2010a), "The G2 constant displacement discontinuity method. - Part I: Solution of plane crack problems", Int. J. Solids Struct., 47(18-19), 2568-2577.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Exadaktylos, G. and Xiroudakis, G. (2010b), "The G2 constant displacement discontinuity method - Part II: Solution of half-plane crack problems", Int. J. Solids Structures, 47(18-19), 2578-2590.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Frimpong, S. and Hu, Y. (2004), "Parametric Simulation of Shovel-Oil Sands Interactions During Excavation", Int. J. of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 18(3), 205-219.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Hadjigeorgiou, J. and Scoble M.J. (1988), "Prediction of digging performance in mining", Int. J. Surface Mining, 2(4), 237-244
11 Hemami, A., Goulet, S. and Aubertin, M. (1994), "Resistance of particulate media excavation: application to bucket loading", Int. J. Surface Mining, 8(3),125-129.
12 Hendricks, C. and Scoble, M. (1990), "Post-blast evaluation through shovel performance monitoring", Proceedings of the Conference on Explosive and Blasting Technique, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, 227-243.
13 Hustrulid, W. and Kuchta, M. (1995), Open Pit Mine Planning and Design, A.A. Balkema: Rotterdam.
14 Karpuz, C., Ceylanoglu, A. and Pasamehmetoglu, A.G. (1992), "An investigation on the influence of depth of cut and blasting on shovel digging performance", Int. J. Surface Mining , 6(4), 161-167.
15 Lipsett, M.G. and Moghaddam, R.Y. (2011), Modeling excavator-soil interaction, Bifurcations, Instabilities and Degradations in Geomaterials, Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 347-366.
16 Maciejewski, J. and Jarzebowski, A. (2002), "Laboratory optimization of the soil digging process", J. Terramechanics, 39(3), 161-179.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Palmer, A.C. and Rice, J.R. (1973), "The growth of slip surfaces in the progressive failure of over-consolidated clay", Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A., 332, 527-548.   DOI
18 Paraszczak, J., Planeta, S. and Szymanski, J. (2000), "Performance and efficiency measures for mining equipment", MPES 2000: Proceedings of the 9th Int. Symp. on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection, Athens, Greece, 6-9 November.
19 Parker, A.P. (1981), The Mechanics of Fracture and Fatigue: An Introduction, E. & F. Spon in association with Methuen, Inc., New York.
20 Shi, N. and Joseph, T.G. (2006), "A new Canadian shovel dipper design for improved performance", CIM Bulletin, 99, Volume 1 No. 2, March/April 2006, 6 pages.
21 Stavropoulou, M. (2006), "Modeling of small-diameter rotary drilling tests on marbles", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min., 43(7), 1034-1051.   DOI   ScienceOn