Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/aer.2013.2.1.035

Enhancement effect of phosphate and silicate on water defluoridation by calcined gypsum  

Al-Rawajfeh, Aiman Eid (Tafila Technical University (TTU), Department of Chemical Engineering)
Alrawashdeh, Albara I. (Tafila Technical University (TTU), Department of Chemistry)
Aldawdeyah, Asma (Tafila Technical University (TTU), Department of Chemistry)
Hassan, Shorouq (Tafila Technical University (TTU), Department of Chemical Engineering)
Qarqouda, Ruba (Tafila Technical University (TTU), Department of Chemical Engineering)
Publication Information
Advances in environmental research / v.2, no.1, 2013 , pp. 35-49 More about this Journal
Abstract
Research work on removal of fluoride from water, referred to as water defluoridation, has resulted into the development of a number of technologies over the years but they suffer from either cost or efficiency drawbacks. In this work, enhancement effects of phosphate and silicate on defluoridation of water by low-cost Plaster of Paris (calcined gypsum) were studied. To our knowledge, the influence of silicate on defluoridation was not reported. It was claimed, that the presence of some ions in the treated water samples, was decreasing the fluoride removal since these ions compete the fluoride ions on occupying the available adsorption sites, however, phosphate and silicate ions, from its sodium slats, have enhanced the fluoride % removal, hence, precipitation of calcium-fluoro compounds of these ions can be suggested. Percentage removal of $F^-$ by neat Plaster is 48%, the electrical conductance (EC) curve shows the typical curve of Plaster setting which begins at 20 min and finished at 30 min. The addition of phosphate and silicate ions enhances the removal of fluoride to high extent > 90%. Thermodynamics parameters showed spontaneous fluoride removal by neat Plaster and Plaster-silicate system. The percentage removal with time showed second-order reaction kinetics.
Keywords
water treatment; plaster of Paris; calcined gypsum; adsorption; co-precipitation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Mohapatra, M., Anand, S., Mishra, B.K., Giles, D.E. and Singh, P. (2009), "Review of fluoride removal from drinking water", J. Environ. Manag., 91, 67-77.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Mourabet, M., El Boujaady, H., El Rhilassi, A., Ramdane, H., Bennani-Ziatni, M., El Hamri, R. and Taitai, A. (2011), "Defluoridation of water using Brushite: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies", Desalination, 278, 1-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Nath, S.K. and Dutta, R.K. (2012), "Acid-enhanced limestone defluoridation in column reactor using oxalic acid", Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 90, 65-75.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Onyango, M.S. and Matsuda, H. (2006), "Fluoride removal from water using adsorption technique, in Fluorine and the Environment", 2, 1-48.   DOI
5 Poinern, G.E.J., Ghoshc, M.K., Ng, Y.J, Issa, T.B., Anand, S. and Singh, B. (2011), "Defluoridation behavior of nanostructured hydroxyapatite synthesized through an ultrasonic and microwave combined technique", J. Hazard. Mater., 185, 29-37.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Shchukin, E.D., Amelina, E.A. and Kontorovich, S.I. (1992), "Formation of contacts between particles and development of internal stresses during hydration processes", Mater. Sci. Concrete III, American Ceramic Society, OH, USA.
7 Shimizu, Y. and Hirasawa, I. (2012), "Recovery of ionic substances from wastewater by seeded reaction crystallization", Chem. Eng. Technol., 35, 1051-1054.
8 Sajidu, S.M.I., Masamba, W.R.L., Thole, B. and Mwatseteza, J.F. (2008), "Groundwater fluoride levels in villages of Southern Malawi and removal studies using bauxite", Int. J. Phys. Sci., 3(1), 1-11.
9 Sakhare, N., Lunge, S., Rayalu, S., Bakardjiva, S., Subrt, J., Devotta, S. and Labhsetwar, N. (2012), "Defluoridation of water using calcium aluminate material", Chem. Eng. J., 203, 406-414.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Sundaram, C.S., Viswanathan, N. and Meenakshi, S. (2008), "Defluoridation chemistry of synthetic hydroxyapatite at nano scale: Equilibrium and kinetic studies", J. Hazard. Mater., 155(1-2), 206-215.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Tomic, Z., Makreski, P. and Gajić, B. (2010), "Identification and spectra-structure determination of soil minerals: Raman study supported by IR spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction", J. Raman Spectroscopy, 41(5), 582-586.
12 Thole, B. (2011), "Defluoridation kinetics of $200^{\circ}C$ calcined bauxite, gypsum, and magnesite and breakthrough characteristics of their composite filter", J. Fluorine Chem., 132(8), 529-535.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Thole, B., Mtalo, F. and Masamba, W. (2012), "Groundwater defluoridation with raw bauxite, gypsum, magnesite, and their composites", Clean-Soil, Air, Water, 40(11), 1222-1228.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Viswanathan, N. and Meenakshi, S. (2010), "Selective fluoride adsorption by a hydrotalcite/chitosan composite", Appl. Clay Sci., 48(4), 607-611.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 WHO (World Health Organization) (1993), Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, World Health Organization, Geneva.
16 Yang, M., Hashimoto, T., Hoshi, N. and Myoga, H. (1999), "Fluoride removal in a fixed bed packed with granular calcite", Water Res., 33(16), 3395-3402.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Al-Rawajfeh, A.E. (2013), Improvement of the setting time of calcined gypsum produced from Mulaih, South Jordan, Submitted for publication.
18 Bhatnagar, A., Kumara, E. and Sillanpaa, M. (2011), "Fluoride removal from water by adsorption-A review", Chem. Eng. J., 171, 811-840.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Correia, C.M.P. and Souza, M.F. (2009), "Mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of low-porosity gypsum plates", Mater. Res., 12, 95-99.   DOI
20 Gopal, V. and Elango, K.P. (2007), "Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of adsorption of fluoride onto plaster of Paris", J. Hazard. Mater., 141, 98-105.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Lenntech, B.V., Water Treatment Solutions, Delft, The Netherlands.
22 Mohan, V.S., Mohan, K.S. and Karthikeyan, J. (2001), "IR, XRD, SEM Studies to evaluate the mechanism of azo dye sorption interaction with coal based adsorbents and activated carbon from aqueous phase", J. Sci. Indus. Res., 60, 410-415.
23 Masamba, W.R.L., Sajidu, S.M. Thole, B. and Mwatseteza, J.F. (2005), "Water defluoridation using Malawi's locally sourced gypsum", Phys. Chem. Earth, 30, 846-849   DOI   ScienceOn