Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.19.5.361

Application of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete for retrofitting the damaged exterior reinforced concrete beam-column joints  

Al-Osta, Mohammed A. (Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals)
Khan, Muhammad I. (Dept. of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong)
Bahraq, Ashraf A. (Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals)
Xu, Shi-Yu (Dept. of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong)
Publication Information
Earthquakes and Structures / v.19, no.5, 2020 , pp. 361-377 More about this Journal
Abstract
In the present research work, the effectiveness and the efficiency of a retrofitting approach using a layer of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) jacket for damaged substandard exterior beam-column joints (BCJs) is experimentally investigated. The main objective of this study is to rehabilitate the already damaged BCJs to meet the serviceability requirements without compromising safety. According to the proposed strengthening technique, a chipped surface, lightly brushed with a dry condition was selected for making a successful bond between normal concrete substrate surface (NCSS) and UHPFRC. Then a fresh UHPFRC jacket with a thickness of 30 mm was cast around the damaged specimens. The entire test matrix was comprised of three 1/3 scale damaged exterior BCJs with a different column axial load (CAL). These specimens were repaired with UHPFRC and retested under monotonic loading. Based on the experimental results, repaired specimens showed an excellent performance in terms of their load-displacement response, maximum strength, displacement ductility, initial stiffness, secant stiffness and energy dissipation capacity when compared with the corresponding values registered when these specimens were tested in their virgin state. This rehabilitative intervention not only restored the strength, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of severely damaged specimens but also improved their performance.
Keywords
repairing; UHPFRC jacketing; beam-column connection; energy dissipation; experiment;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 28  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Khan, M.I., Al-Osta, M.A., Ahmad, S. and Rahman, M.K. (2018), "Seismic behavior of beam-column joints strengthened with ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete", Compos. Struct., 200, 103-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.05.080   DOI
2 Prem, P.R., Murthy, A.R., Ramesh, G., Bharatkumar, B.H. and Iyer, N.R. (2015), "Flexural behaviour of damaged RC beams strengthened with ultra high performance concrete", Advan. Struct. Eng., 2057-2069. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2187-6_158.   DOI
3 Realfonzo, R., Napoli, A. and Pinilla, J.G.R. (2014), "Cyclic behavior of RC beam-column joints strengthened with FRP systems", Construct. Build. Mater., 54, 282-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.12.043.   DOI
4 Santarsiero, G. and Masi, A. (2015), "Seismic performance of RC beam-column joints retrofitted with steel dissipation jackets", Eng. Struct., 85, 95-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.12.013.   DOI
5 Sezen, H. (2012), "Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete beam-column joints with fiber-reinforced polymer composites", J. Compos. Construct., 16(5), 499-506. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000290.   DOI
6 Sharma, R. and Bansal, P.P. (2019), "Behavior of RC exterior beam column joint retrofitted using UHP-HFRC", Construct. Build. Mater., 195, 376-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.052.   DOI
7 Shayanfar, J. and Bengar, H.A. (2018), "A practical model for simulating nonlinear behaviour of FRP strengthened RC beamcolumn joints", Steel and Compos. Struct., 27(1), 49-74. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.1.049.   DOI
8 Singh, V., Bansal, P.P., Kumar, M. and Kaushik, S.K. (2014), "Experimental studies on strength and ductility of CFRP jacketed reinforced concrete beam-column joints", Construct. Build. Mater., 55, 194-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.047.   DOI
9 Muguruma, H., Nishiyama, M. and Watanabe, F. (1995), "Lessons learned from the Kobe earthquake", PCI J., 40(4), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.07011995.28.42.   DOI
10 Tsonos, A.G. (2002), "Seismic repair of reinforced concrete beamcolumn subassemblages of modern structures by epoxy injection technique", Struct. Eng. Mech., 14(5), 543-563. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2002.14.5.543.   DOI
11 Tsonos, A.G. (2008), "Effectiveness of CFRP-jackets and RCjackets in post-earthquake and pre-earthquake retrofitting of beam - column subassemblages", Eng. Struct., 30(3), 777-793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.05.008.   DOI
12 Tsonos, A.G. (2014), "An innovative solution for strengthening of old R/C structures and for improving the FRP strengthening method", Struct. Monit. Maintenance, 1(3), 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/smm.2014.1.3.323   DOI
13 Xie, Q., Sinaei, H., Shariati, M., Khorami, M., Mohamad, E.T. and Bui, D.T. (2019), "An experimental study on the effect of CFRP on behavior of reinforce concrete beam column connections", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(5), 433-441. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.5.433.   DOI
14 Yang, Y., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Wang, N. and Yu, Y. (2018), "Experimental study on seismic behavior of RC beam-column joints retrofitted using prestressed steel strips", Earthq. Struct., 15(5), 499-511. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.5.499.   DOI
15 Karayannis, C.G. and Sirkelis, G.M. (2008), "Strengthening and rehabilitation of RC beam - column joints using carbon-FRP jacketing and epoxy resin injection", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37(5), 769-790. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.785.   DOI
16 Zhang, Y., Li, X., Zhu, Y. and Shao, X. (2020), "Experimental study on flexural behavior of damaged reinforced concrete (RC) beam strengthened by toughness-improved ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) layer", Composites Part B: Eng. 186, 107834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.107834.   DOI
17 Habel, K., Denarie, E. and Bruhwiler, E. (2007), "Experimental investigation of composite ultra-high-performance fiberreinforced concrete and conventional concrete members", ACI Struct. J., 104(1), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.14359/18437.   DOI
18 Hadi, M.N. and Tran, T.M. (2014), "Retrofitting nonseismically detailed exterior beam - column joints using concrete covers together with CFRP jacket", Construct. Build. Mater., 63, 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.019.   DOI
19 Kakaletsis, D.J., David, K.N. and Karayannis, C.G. (2011), "Effectiveness of some conventional seismic retrofitting techniques for bare and infilled R/C frames", Struct. Eng. Mech., 39(4), 499-520. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.39.4.499.   DOI
20 Kalogeropoulos, G.I., Tsonos, A.D.G., Konstandinidis, D. and Tsetines, S. (2016), "Pre-earthquake and post-earthquake retrofitting of poorly detailed exterior RC beam-to-column joints", Eng. Struct., 109, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.11.009.   DOI
21 Karayannis, C.G. and Sirkelis, G.M. (2019), "Retrofitting of reinforced concrete beam-column joints by composites-Part I: experimental study", ACI Struct. J. 116(1), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.14359/51706922.   DOI
22 Karayannis, C.G., Chalioris, C.E. and Sirkelis, G.M. (2008), "Local retrofit of exterior RC beam-column joints using thin RC jackets-An experimental study", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37(5), 727-746. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.785.   DOI
23 Al-Osta, M.A., Khan, U., Baluch, M.H. and Rahman, M.K. (2016), "Effect of variation of axial load on seismic performance of RC exterior BCJs", Master Dissertation, King Fahd Univeristy of Petroleum and Minerals.
24 ACI committee 318. (2011), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary (ACI 318M-11).
25 Ahmad, S., Hakeem, I. and Maslehuddin, M. (2016), "Development of an optimum mixture of ultra-high performance concrete", European J. Environmen. Civil Eng., 20(9), 1106-1126. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2015.1090925.   DOI
26 Al-Osta, M.A. (2018), "Exploitation of ultrahigh-performance fibre-reinforced concrete for the strengthening of concrete structural members", Advan. Civil Eng., https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8678124.   DOI
27 Al-Osta, M.A. (2019), "Shear behaviour of RC beams retrofitted using UHPFRC panels epoxied to the sides", Comput. Concrete, 24(1), 37-49. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.1.037.   DOI
28 Al-Osta, M.A., Isa, M.N., Baluch, M.H. and Rahman, M.K. (2017). "Flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete", Construct. Build. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.094.   DOI
29 ASTM C1437 (2007), Standard test method for flow of hydraulic cement mortar, C1437.
30 ASTM C496/C496M (2011), "Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens", American Soc. Testing Mater., 1-5.
31 ASTM, C. (2010), "Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (using simple beam with third-point loading)", American Society Testing Mater., 100, 19428-2959.
32 ASTM, C. (2012), Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. Chu bien.
33 Bahraq, A.A., Al-Osta, M.A., Ahmad, S., Al-Zahrani, M.M., AlDulaijan, S.O. and Rahman, M. K. (2019), "Experimental and numerical investigation of shear behavior of RC beams strengthened by ultra ‑ high performance concrete", Int. J. Concrete Struct. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-018-0330-z.   DOI
34 ACI Committee 352. (2002), Recommendations for Design of Beam-Column Connections in Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Structures (ACI 352R-02).
35 Attari, N., Amziane, S. and Chemrouk, M. (2010), "Efficiency of beam-column joint strengthened by FRP laminates", Advan. Compos. Mater., 19(2), 171-183.   DOI
36 Azariani, H.R., Esfahani, M.R. and Shariatmadar, H. (2018), "Behavior of exterior concrete beam-column joints reinforced with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) bars", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(1), 83-98. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.1.083.   DOI
37 Bansal, P.P., Kumar, M. and Dar, M.A. (2016), "Retrofitting of exterior RC beam-column joints using ferrocement jackets", Earthq. Struct., 10(2), 313-328. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.2.313.   DOI
38 Chalioris, C.E. (2013), "Analytical approach for the evaluation of minimum fibre factor required for steel fibrous concrete beams under combined shear and flexure", Construct. Build. Mater., 43, 317-336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.02.039.   DOI
39 Chalioris, C.E. and Karayannis, C.G. (2009), "Effectiveness of the use of steel fibres on the torsional behaviour of flanged concrete beams", Cement Concrete Compos., 31(5), 331-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.02.007.   DOI
40 Chalioris, C.E., Kosmidou, P.M.K. and Karayannis, C.G. (2019), "Cyclic response of steel fiber reinforced concrete slender beams: An experimental study", Materials 12(9), 1398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091398.   DOI
41 Ganesh, P. and Murthy, A.R. (2019), "Repair, Retrofitting and Rehabilitation Techniques for Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams-A Review", Advan. Concrete Construct., 8(2), 101-117. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.2.101.   DOI
42 Choo, B.S. and MacGinley, T.J. (2002), Reinforced Concrete: Design Theory and Examples. CRC Press.
43 Engindeniz, M., Kahn, L.F. and Abdul-Hamid, Z. (2005), "Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete beam-column joints: State of the art", ACI Struct. J., 102(2), 1.
44 Esmaeeli, E., Barros, J.A., Sena-Cruz, J., Fasan, L., Prizzi, F.R. L., Melo, J. and Varum, H. (2015), "Retrofitting of interior RC beam - column joints using CFRP strengthened SHCC : Castin-place solution", Compos. Struct., 122, 456-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.12.012.   DOI
45 Esmaeeli, E., Barros, J.A., Sena-Cruz, J., Varum, H. and Melo, J. "Assessment of the efficiency of prefabricated hybrid composite plates (HCPs) for retrofitting of famaged interior RC beamcolumn joints", Compos. Struct., 119, 24-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.08.024.   DOI
46 Ganesana, N., Nidhi, M. and Indira, P.V. (2015), "SFRHPC interior beam-column-slab joints under Reverse Cyclic Loading", Advan. Concrete Construct., 3(3),. 237. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2015.3.3.237.   DOI
47 Gergely, J., Pantelides, C.P. and Reaveley, L.D. (2000), "Shear strengthening RCT-joints using CFRP composites", J. Compos. Construct., 4(2), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2000)4:2(56).   DOI
48 Ghobarah, A. and Said, A. (2002), "Shear strengthening of beamcolumn joints", Eng. Struct., 24(7), 881-888. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(02)00026-3.   DOI
49 Li, B., Lam, E.S.S., Cheng, Y.K., Wu, B. and Wang, Y.Y. (2015), "Strengthening of non-seismically designed beam-column joints by ferrocement jackets with chamfers", Earthq. Struct., 8(5), 1017-1738. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.5.1017.   DOI
50 Dang, C.T. and Dinh, N.H. (2017), "Experimental study on structural performance of RC exterior beam-column joints retrofitted by steel jacketing and haunch element under cyclic loading simulating earthquake excitation", Advan. Civil Eng., https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9263460.   DOI
51 Li, B., Lam, E.S.S., Wu, B. and Wang, Y.Y. (2015), "Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete exterior beam-column joints strengthened by ferrocement composites", Earthq. Struct., 9(1), 233-256. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.1.233.   DOI
52 Luo, Z., Sinaei, H., Ibrahim, Z., Shariati, M., Jumaat, Z., Wakil, K. and Khorami, M. (2019), "Computational and experimental analysis of beam to column joints reinforced with CFRP plates", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(3), 271-280. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.3.271.   DOI
53 Marthong, C. (2019a), "Behavior of repaired RAC beam-column joints using steel welded wire mesh jacketed with cement mortar", Advan. Concrete Construct., 8(2), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.2.091.   DOI
54 Marthong, C. (2019b), "Rehabilitation of exterior RC beamcolumn connections using epoxy resin injection and galvanized steel wire mesh", Earthq. Struct., 16(3), 253-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2012.738284.   DOI
55 McCormac, J.C. and Brown, R.H. (2015), Design of Reinforced Concrete. John Wiley & Sons.
56 Meraji, L., Afshin, H. and Abedi, K. (2019), "Flexural behavior of RC beams retrofitted by ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete", Comput. Concrete, 24(2), 159-172. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.2.15-1.   DOI