Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/mwt.2014.5.1.031

Improving the smoking quality of papermaking tobacco sheet extract by using electrodialysis  

Zhang, Zenghui (Laboratory of Functional Membranes, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China)
Ge, Shaolin (China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., LTD.)
Jiang, Chenxiao (Laboratory of Functional Membranes, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China)
Zhao, Yue (Laboratory of Functional Membranes, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China)
Wang, Yaoming (Laboratory of Functional Membranes, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China)
Publication Information
Membrane and Water Treatment / v.5, no.1, 2014 , pp. 31-40 More about this Journal
Abstract
Papermaking tobacco sheet is an important reclaimed process for cigarette making. Traditionally, the pressure driven membrane was often used to isolate the effective compounds from the tobacco sheet extract. However, this method is difficult to remove small ionic compounds. Besides, membrane fouling is a major problem for effective use of these pressure driven membrane technologies. In this study, the electrodialysis process is used to removal the chloride ions and nitrate ions, thus the smoking quality of papermaking tobacco sheet extract can get improved. Three types of electrolytes ($Na_2SO_4$, NaCl and HCl) are chosen to prevent the generation of precipitation. The results indicate that 0.1mol/L HCl at current density of $30mA/cm^2$ is the optimal condition for the electrodialysis process. The removal rates of the Cland $NO{_3}^-$ in tobacco sheet extract are 97% and 98.4%, respectively. The electrodialysis process cost was estimated to be 0.11$/L. Naturally, electrodialysis is not only technological feasible, environmental-friendly and economical-attractive for tobacco extract treatment.
Keywords
papermaking tobacco sheet; tobacco extract; electrodialysis; ion-exchange membranes;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Jiang, J.J. and Dong, H.R. (2008), "Preparation of high-purity baicalein from scutellaria baicalensis georgi", Nat. Prod. Res., 22(16), 1410-1412.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Johnson, M.D., Schilz, J., Djordjevic, M.V., Rice, J.R. and Shields, P.G. (2009), "Evaluation of in vitro assays for assessing the toxicity of cigarette smoke and smokeless tobacco", Cancer Epidem. Biomar., 18(12), 3263-3304.   DOI
3 Min, J.C. and Wang, L.N. (2011), "Membrane sorption property effects on transmembrane permeation", Chinese Sci. Bull., 56(22), 2394-2399.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Muller, A.L.H., Bizzi, C.A., Pereira, J.S.F., Mesko, M.F., Moraes, D.P., Flores, E.M.M. and Muller, E.I. (2011), "Bromine and chlorine determination in cigarette tobacco using microwave-induced combustion and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry", J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 22(9), 1649-1655.
5 Narkowicz, S., Polkowska, Z., Kielbratowska, B. and Namiesnik, J. (2013), "Environmental tobacco smoke:Exposure, health effects, and analysis", Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 43(2), 121-161.   DOI
6 Nunes-Alves, A., Nery, A.A. and Ulrich, H. (2013), "Tobacco nitrosamine N-nitrosonornicotine as inhibitor of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors", J. Mol. Neurosci., 49(1), 52-61.   DOI
7 Seyler, T.H., Kim, J.G., Hodgson, J.A., Cowan, E.A, Blount, B.C. and Wang, L. (2013), "Quantitation of urinary volatile nitrosamines from exposure to tobacco smoke", J. Anal. Toxicol., 37(4), 195-202.   DOI
8 Skott, M., Andreassen,T.T. and Ulrich-Vinther, M. (2006), "Tobacco extract but not nicotine impairs the mechanical strength of fracture healing in rats", J. Orthopaed. Res., 24(S1), 1472-1479.   DOI
9 Wang, L., Wen Y.B. and Sun D.P. (2011), "Study on the harmful substance in paper-process reconstituted tobacco sheet", Adv. Mater. Res., 2338(314-316), 314-316.
10 Wang, W.S., Wang, Y. and Yang, L.J. (2005), "Studies on thermal behavior of reconstituted tobacco sheet", Thermochim. Acta, 437(1-2) ,7-11.   DOI
11 Wang, Y.M., Wang, A.L., Zhang, X. and Xu, T.W. (2011), "Simulation of electrodialysis with bipolar membranes: estimation of process performance and energy consumption", Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50(24), 13911-13921.   DOI
12 Yildiz, D. (2004), "Nicotine, its metabolism and an overview of its biological effects", Toxicon., 43(6), 619-632.   DOI
13 Zarrelli, A., DellaGreca, M., Parolisi, A., Lesce, M.R., Cermola, F., Temussi, F., Isidori, M., Lavorgna, M., Passananti, M. and Previtera, L. (2012), "Chemical fate and genotoxic risk associated with hypochlorite treatment of nicotine", Sci. Total Environ., 426, 132-138.   DOI
14 Zenzen, V., Diekmann, J., Gerstenberg, B., Weber, S., Wittke, S. and Schorp, M.K. (2012), "Reduced exposure evaluation of an electrically heated cigarette smoking system. Part 2: Smoke chemistry and in vitro toxicological evaluation using smoking regimens reflecting human puffing behavior", Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 64(S), 11-34.   DOI
15 Baker, R.R., Pereira da Silva, J.R. and Smith, G. (2004), "The effect of tobacco ingredients on smoke chemistry. Part I: Flavourings and additives", Food Chem. Toxicol., 42(S), 3-37.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Huang, C.H., Xu, T.W. and Yang, X.F. (2007), "Regenerating fuel-gas desulfurizing agents by using bipolar membrane electrodialysis(BMED): Effect of molecular structure of alkanolamines on the regeneration performance", Environ. Sci. Technol., 41(3), 984-989.   DOI
17 Zhong, Z.X., Xing, W.H. and Zhang, B.B. (2013), "Fabrication of ceramic membranes with controllable surface roughness and their applications in oil/water separation", Ceram. Int., 39(4), 4355-4361.   DOI
18 Zhou, S., Ning, M. and Xu, Y.B. (2013), "Effects of melamine phosphate on the thermal decomposition and combustion behavior of reconstituted tobacco sheet", J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 112(3), 1269-1276.   DOI