Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/gae.2022.28.3.209

Near-explosion protection method of π-section reinforced concrete beam  

Sun, Qixin (Department of Bridge Engineering, Tongji University)
Liu, Chao (Department of Bridge Engineering, Tongji University)
Publication Information
Geomechanics and Engineering / v.28, no.3, 2022 , pp. 209-224 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, the numerical analysis model of π-beam explosion is established to compare and analyze the failure modes of the π-beam under the action of explosive loads, thus verifying the accuracy of the numerical model. Then, based on the numerical analysis of different protection forms of π beams under explosive loads, the peak pressure of π beam under different protection conditions, the law of structural energy consumption, the damage pattern of the π beam after protection, and the protection efficiency of different protective layers was studied. The testing results indicate that the pressure peak of π beam is relatively small under the combined protection of steel plate and aluminum foam, and the peak value of pressure decays quickly along the beam longitudinal. Besides, as the longitudinal distance increases, the pressure peak attenuates most heavily on the roof's explosion-facing surface. Meanwhile, the combined protective layer has a strong energy consumption capacity, the energy consumed accounts for 90% of the three parts of the π beam (concrete, steel, and protective layer). The damaged area of π beam is relatively small under the combined protection of steel plate and aluminum foam. We also calculate the protection efficiency of π beams under different protection conditions using the maximum spalling area of concrete. The results show that the protective efficiency of the combined protective layer is 45%, demonstrating a relatively good protective ability.
Keywords
${\pi}$-section concrete beam; explosion protection; failure mode; near-field explosion; pressure peak; protection efficiency;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Abedini, M. and Zhang, CW. (2021), "Dynamic vulnerability assessment and damage prediction of RC columns subjected to severe impulsive loading", Struct. Eng. Mech., 77(4), 441-461. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.4.441.   DOI
2 Aoude, H., Dagenais, F.P., Burrell, R.P. and Saatcioglu, M. (2015), "Behavior of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete columns under blast loading", Int. J. Impact Eng., 80, 185-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.02.006.   DOI
3 Kee, J.H., Park, J.Y. and Seong, J.H. (2019), "Effect of one way reinforced concrete slab characteristics on structural response under blast loading", Adv. Concrete Constr., 8(4), 277-283. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.4.277.   DOI
4 ASCE Task Committee. (1997), Design of Blast Resistant Buildings in Petrochemical Facilities, ASCE, New York, NY, USA.
5 Castedo, R., Segarra, P., Alanon, A., Lopez, L.M., Santos, A.P. and Sanchidrian, J.A. (2015), "Air blast resistance of full-scale slabs with different compositions: Numerical modeling and field validation", Int. J. Impact Eng., 86, 145-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.08.004.   DOI
6 Chen, F., Jin, Z., Wang, E., Wang, L., Jiang, Y., Guo, P., Gao, X. and He, X. (2021), "Relationship model between surface strain of concrete and expansion force of reinforcement rust", Sci. Rep., 11, 4208. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83376-w.   DOI
7 CEB Bulletin No. 213/214, (1993), CEB-FIP MODEL CODE 1990, Thomas Telford Ltd., London, UK.
8 Dobrocinski, S. and Flis, L. (2015), "Numerical simulations of blast loads from near-field ground explosions in air", Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica, 37(4), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1515/sgem-2015-0040.   DOI
9 Feng, J., Zhou, Y.Z., Wang, P., Wang, B., Zhou, J.N., Chen, H.L., Fan, H.L. and Jin, F.N. (2017), "Experimental research on blastresistance of one-way concrete slabs reinforced by BFRP bars under close-in explosion", Eng. Struct., 150, 550-561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.07.074.   DOI
10 Shi, Y., Hao, H. and Li, Z.X. (2008), "Numerical derivation of pressure-impulse diagrams for prediction of RC column damage to blast loads", Int. J. Impact Eng., 35(11), 1213-1227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.09.001.   DOI
11 Qu, Y., Li, X., Kong, X., Zhang, W. and Wang, X. (2016), "Numerical simulation on dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete beam with initial cracks subjected to air blast loading", Eng. Struct., 128, 96-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.09.032.   DOI
12 Yao, S.J., Zhang, D., Lu, F.Y., Wang, W. and Chen, X.G. (2016), "Damage features and dynamic response of RC beams under blast", Eng. Fail. Anal., 62, 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2015.12.001.   DOI
13 Han, G.Z., Yan, B. and Yang, Z. (2019), "Damage model test of prestressed T beam under explosion load", IEEE Access, 7, 135340-135351. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2940037.   DOI
14 Hetherington, J. and Smith, P. (1994), Blast and Ballistic Loading of Structures, Crc Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
15 Li, J. and Hao, H. (2011), "A two-step numerical method for efficient analysis of structural response to blast load", Int. J. Protective Struct., 2(1), 103-126. https://doi.org/10.1260/2041-4196.2.1.103.   DOI
16 Zhang, C., Gholipour, G. and Mousavi, A.A. (2019), "Nonlinear dynamic behavior of simply supported RC beams subjected to combined impact-blast loading", Eng. Struct., 181, 124-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.014.   DOI
17 Zhang, D., Yao, S.J., Lu, F., Chen, X.G., Lin, G.H., Wang, W. and Lin, Y.L. (2013), "Experimental study on scaling of RC beams under close-in blast loading", Eng. Fail. Anal., 33, 497-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.06.020.   DOI
18 Zhang, W., ASCE, M., Tang, Z., Yang, Y. and Wei, J. (2021), "Assessment of FRP-concrete interfacial debonding with coupled mixed-mode cohesive zone model", J. Compos. Constr., 25(2). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001114.   DOI
19 Li, Y., Algassem, O. and Aoude, H. (2018a), "Response of high-strength reinforced concrete beams under shock-tube induced blast loading", Constr. Build. Mater., 189, 420-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.005.   DOI
20 Nagy, N., Mohamed, M. and Boot, J. C. (2021), "Nonlinear numerical modelling for the effects of surface explosions on buried reinforced concrete structures", Geomech. Eng., 2(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2010.2.1.001.   DOI
21 RKM FEMA 426, (2003), Reference Manual to Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks against Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, USA.
22 Wu, C. and Sheikh, H. (2013), "A finite element modelling to investigate the mitigation of blast effects on reinforced concrete panel using foam cladding", Int. J. Impact Eng., 55, 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.11.006.   DOI
23 Chen, F., Zhong, Y., Gao, X., Jin, Z. and He, X. (2020), "Nonuniform model of relationship between surface strain and rust expansion force of reinforced concrete", Sci. Rep., 11, 8741. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88146-2.   DOI
24 Mou, B. and Bai, Y. (2018), "Experimental investigation on shear behavior of steel beam-to-cfst column connections with irregular panel zone", Eng. Struct., 168, 487-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.04.029.   DOI
25 Shadabfar, M., Huang, H.W., Wang, Y. and Wu, C.L. (2020), "Monte Carlo analysis of the induced cracked zone by single-hole rock explosion", Geomech. Eng., 21(3), 289-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.3.289.   DOI
26 TM 5-855-1. (1986), Fundamentals of Protective Design for Conventional Weapons, Technical Manual, US Department of the Army, Washington DC, USA.
27 Wang, W., Liu, R. and Wu, B. (2014), "Analysis of a bridge collapsed by an accidental blast loads", Eng. Fail. Anal., 36, 353-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.10.022.   DOI
28 Xu, M. and Wille, K. (2014), "Calibration of K&C Concrete Model for UHPC in LS-DYNA", Adv. Mater. Res., 1081, 254-259. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1081.254.   DOI
29 Livermore Software Technology Corporation, LS-DYNA Theory Manual. (2006), http://www.lstc.com/pdf/lsdyna_theory_manual_2006.pdf
30 Li, Z., Liu, Y., Yan, J.B., Yu, W.L. and Huang, F.L. (2018b), "Experimental investigation of p-section concrete beams under contact explosion and close-in explosion conditions", Def. Technol., 14(5), 190-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2018.07.025.   DOI
31 Williams, G.D. and Williamson, E.B. (2012), "Procedure for predicting blast loads acting on bridge columns", J. Bridge Eng., 17(3), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000265.   DOI
32 Malvar, L.J. and Crawford, J.E. (1998), "Dynamic increase factors for concrete", Report No. 0704-0188; 28th DDESB Seminar, Orlando, FL, USA.
33 Qi, C., Remennikov, A., Pei, L.Z., Yang, S., Yu, Z.H. and Ngo, T.D. (2017), "Impact and close-in blast response of auxetic honeycomb-cored sandwich panels: Experimental tests and numerical simulations", Compos. Struct., 180, 161-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.08.020.   DOI
34 Wang, Y.G., Hu, S.S. and Wang, L.L. (2003), "Shock attenuation in aluminum foams under explosion loading", Explosion Shock Waves, 23(6), 516-522. http://www.en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALBZCJ200306006.htm   DOI
35 Wu, Y. and Crawford, J.E. (2015), "Numerical modeling of concrete using a partially associative plasticity model", J. Eng. Mech., 141(12), 04015051. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000952.   DOI
36 Xu, D., Liu, Q., Qin, Y. and Chen, B. (2020), "Analytical approach for crack identification of glass fiber reinforced polymer-sea sand concrete composite structures based on strain dissipations", Struct. Health Monit., 147592172097429. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921720974290.   DOI
37 Kinney, G.F. and Graham, K.J. (1985), Explosive Shocks in Air, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany.
38 Yan, B., Liu, F., Song, D. and Jiang, Z.G. (2015), "Numerical study on damage mechanism of RC beams under close-in blast loading", Eng. Fail. Anal., 51, 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2015.02.007.   DOI