Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.19.5.447

Field instrumentation and settlement prediction of ground treated with straight-line vacuum preloading  

Lei, Huayang (Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University)
Feng, Shuangxi (Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University)
Wang, Lei (Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University)
Jin, Yawei (Jiangsu Xintai Geotechnical Technology Co. Ltd)
Publication Information
Geomechanics and Engineering / v.19, no.5, 2019 , pp. 447-462 More about this Journal
Abstract
The vacuum preloading method has been used in many countries for ground improvement and land reclamation works. A sand cushion is required as a horizontal drainage channel for conventional vacuum preloading. In terms of the dredged-fill foundation soil, the treatment effect of the conventional vacuum preloading method is poor, particularly in Tianjin, China, where a shortage of sand exists. To solve this problem, straight-line vacuum preloading without sand is widely adopted in engineering practice to improve the foundation soil. Based on the engineering properties of dredged fill in Lingang City, Tianjin, this paper presents field instrumentation in five sections and analyzes the effect of a prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) layout and a vacuum pumping method on the soft soil ground treatment. Through the arrangement of pore water pressure gauges, settlement marks and vane shear tests, the settlement, pore water pressure and subsoil bearing capacity are analyzed to evaluate the effect of the ground treatment. This study demonstrates that straight-line vacuum preloading without sand can be suitable for areas with a high water content. Furthermore, the consolidation settlement and consolidation degree system is developed based on the grey model to predict the consolidation settlement and consolidation degree under vacuum preloading; the validity of the system is also verified.
Keywords
field instrumentation; straight-line vacuum preloading; consolidation settlement prediction; grey model;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Zeng, F., Chen, X., Wang, J., Yan, J. and Guo, H. (2012), "Application of grey model method to vacuum preloading settlement and consolidation degree prediction", J. Jiangxi Univ. Sci. Technol., 12(3), 23-26.
2 Zeng, G. and Yang, X. (1959), "Settlement analysis of sand well foundation", J. Zhejiang Univ., 4(3), 38-76. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0572.
3 Le, C., Xu, C., Jin, Y.W. and Yang, Y. (2013), "Application of improved vacuum preloading method in Tianjin Lingang Industrial Zone", New Front. Eng. Geol. Environ., 9(7), 279-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31671-5_51.
4 Lei, H., Qi, Z., Zhang, Z. and Zheng, G. (2017). "A new vacuum preloading technique for ultra-soft soil foundations using model tests", Int. J. Geomech., 17(9), 04017049. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000934.   DOI
5 Lei, H., Wang, X., Chen, L., Huang, M. and Han, J. (2016), "Compression characteristics of ultra-soft clays subjected to simulated staged preloading", KSCE J. Civ. Eng., 20(2), 718-728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-015-0343-y.   DOI
6 Liu, G. and Feng, S.X. (2014), "Prediction and correlation factor analysis of pipeline settlement in construction of deep foundation pit", Architect. Technol., 45(7), 644-646.
7 Liu, H., Xiang, Y. and Nguyen, H (2013), "A multivariable grey model based on optimized background value and its application to subgrade settlement prediction", Appl. Mech. Mater., 256-259(1), 1721-1725. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.256-259.1721.
8 Liu, J., Lei, H., Zheng, G., Feng, S. and Rahman, M.S. (2018), "Improved synchronous and alternate vacuum preloading method for newly dredged fills: Laboratory Model Study", Int. J. Geomech., 18(8), 04018086. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001220.   DOI
9 Liu, J., Lei, H., Zheng, G., Zhou, H. and Zhang, X. (2017), "Laboratory model study of newly deposited dredger fills using improved multiple-vacuum preloading technique", J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 9(5), 924-935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2017.03.003.   DOI
10 Khan, A.Q. and Mesri, G. (2014), "Vacuum distribution with depth in vertical drains and soil during preloading", Geomech. Eng., 6(4), 377-389. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.6.4.377.   DOI
11 Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. (2019), Specification of Soil Test (GB/T50123-2019), China Communications Press, Beijing, China.
12 Liu, S., Zhang, D., Du, G. and Han, W. (2016), "A new combined vacuum preloading with pneumatic fracturing method for soft ground improvement", Procedia Eng., 143, 454-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.057.   DOI
13 Mesri, G. and Khan, A.Q. (2012), "Ground improvement using vacuum loading together with vertical drains", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 138(6), 680-689. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000640.   DOI
14 Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. (2009), Technical Specification for Vacuum Preloading Technique to Improve Soft Soils (JTS_147-2-2009), China Communications Press, Beijing, China.
15 Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. (2003), Code for in-situ Measurement of Railway Engineering Geology (TB10041-2003), China Communications Press, Beijing, China.
16 Quang, N. and Giao, P. (2014), "Improvement of soft clay at a site in the mekong delta by vacuum preloading", Geomech. Eng., 6(5), 419-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.6.4.419.   DOI
17 Rujikiatkamjorn. C., Indraratna. B. and Chu. J. (2008), "2D and 3D numerical modeling of combined surcharge and vacuum preloading with vertical drains", Int. J. Geomech., 8(2), 144-156. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1532-3641(2008)8:2(144).   DOI
18 Saowapakpiboon, J., Bergado, D.T., Voottipruex, P., Lam, L.G. and Nakakuma, K. (2011), "PVD improvement combined with surcharge and vacuum preloading including simulations", Geotext. Geomembr., 29(1), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2010.06.008.   DOI
19 Cai, Y., Xie, Z, Wang, J., Wang, P. and Geng, X. (2018), "A new approach of vacuum preloading with booster PVDs to improve deep marine clay strata", Can. Geotech. J., 55(10), 1359-1371. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2017-0412.   DOI
20 Barron, R.A., Lane, K.S., Keene, P. and Kjellman, W. (1948), "Consolidation of fine-grained soils by drain wells", Jap. Geotech. Soc. Spec. Publ., 74(118), 324-360.
21 Deng, J. (1994), "Modeling for satisfactory non-equigap GM(1,1)", J. Grey Syst., 6(2), 75-86.
22 Indraratna, B., Rujikiatkamjorn, C., Ameratunga, J. and Boyle, P. (2011), "Performance and prediction of vacuum combined surcharge consolidation at port of Brisbane", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 137(11), 1009-1018. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000519.   DOI
23 Wang, Q. (2015), "Application of vacuum preloading technique of water vapor separation in ultra-thick sludge soft foundation treatment", Sci. Technol. Ports., 50(9), 8-11.
24 Shahin, M.A., Jaksa, M.B. and Maier, H.R. (2005), "Neural network based stochastic design charts for settlement prediction", Can. Geotech. J., 42(1), 110-120. https://doi.org/10.1139/t04-096.   DOI
25 Song, Y. and Kim, T. (2004), "Improvement of estuarine marine clays for coastal reclamation using vacuum-applied consolidation method", Ocean Eng., 31(16), 1999-2010.   DOI
26 Terzaghi, K. (1925), "Principles of soil mechanics, IV-settlement and consolidation of clay", Eng. Newsrec., 95, 874-878.
27 Tu, H., Xu, Y. and Xie, L. (2014), "Mechanism and numerical analysis of effect of air injection on vacuum preloading for weak foundation improvement", Rock Soil Mech., 35(s2), 600-606.
28 Wang, J., Ma, J., Liu, F., Mi, W., Cai, Y. and Fu, H. (2016), "Experimental study on the improvement of marine clay slurry by electroosmosis-vacuum preloading", Geotext. Geomembr., 44(4), 615-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2016.03.004.   DOI
29 Wu, L., Wang, X. and Liu, Z. (2009), "Several calculation methods of consolidation degree during soft soil treatment by preloading method", Soil Eng. Found., 23(4), 66-68.   DOI
30 Wu, Y., Kong G. and Lu, Y. (2017), "Experimental study on vacuum preloading with flocculation for solid-liquid separation in waste slurry", Geomech. Eng., 13(2), 319-331. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2017.13.2.319.   DOI
31 Xu, N. and Dang, Y. (2015), "An optimized grey GM (2,1) model and forecasting of highway subgrade settlement", Math. Prob. Eng., 2015(1), 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/606707.
32 Zhu, S. and Miao, Z. (2002), "Recent development and improvement of vacuum preloading method for improving soft soil", Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Ground Improv., 6(2), 79-83. https://doi.org/10.1680/grim.2002.6.2.79.
33 Yeung, A.T., So, S.T., Kwong, A.K., Tham, L.G. and Zhao, W.B. (2009), "Field-scale constructability evaluation of underwater vacuum preloading", Geomech. Geoeng., 4(3), 245-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/17486020903171382.   DOI
34 You, J. (2006), "Programming of gray model in traffic volume forecast based on visual basic and microsoft excel", Comput. Commun., 42(4), 611-614.