Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2016.18.5.469

Numerical modeling of brittle failure of the overstressed rock mass around deep tunnel  

Lee, Kun-Chai (Hanyang University, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering)
Moon, Hyun-Koo (Hanyang University, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association / v.18, no.5, 2016 , pp. 469-485 More about this Journal
Abstract
The failure of rock mass around deep tunnel, different from shallow tunnel largely affected by discontinuities, is dominated by magnitudes and directions of stresses, and the failures dominated by stresses can be divided into ductile and brittle features according to the conditions of stresses and the characteristics of rock mass. It is important to know the range and the depth of the V-shaped notch type failure resulted from the brittle failure, such as spalling, slabbing and rock burst, because they are the main factors for the design of excavation and support of deep tunnels. The main features of brittle failure are that it consists of cohesion loss and friction mobilization according to the stress condition, and is progressive. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model has been developed in order to simulate the brittle behavior of rock mass around deep tunnel by introducing the bi-linear failure envelope cut off, elastic-elastoplastic coupling and gradual spread of elastoplastic regions. By performing a series of numerical analyses, it is shown that the depths of failure estimated by this model coincide with an empirical relation from a case study.
Keywords
Deep tunnel; Great depth; Overstress; Brittle failure; Depth of failure; Spalling;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Amadei, B., Stephansson, O. (1997). Rock stress and its measurement. Chapman & Hall.
2 Aydan, O., Akagi, T., Kawamoto, T. (1996). The Squeezing Potential of Rock Around Tunnels: Theory and Prediction with Examples from Japan. Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 125-143.   DOI
3 Brown, E. T., editor (1981). Rock Characterization Test and Monitoring: ISRM Suggested Methods. Pergamon Press.
4 Brown, E. T., Hoek, E. (1978). Trends in Relationships between Measured In-Situ Stresses and Depth., Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr., Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 211-215.   DOI
5 Cai, M., Kaiser, P., Tasaka, Y., Maejima, T., Morioka, H., Minami, M. (2004). Generalized crack initiation and crack damage stress thresholds of brittle rock masses near underground excavations. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 833-847.
6 Cai, M., Kaiser, P.K. (2014). In-situ Rock Spalling Strength near Excavation Boundaries. Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 659-675.   DOI
7 Cundall, P., Carranza-Torres, C., Hart, R. (2003). A new constitutive model based on the Hoek-Brown criterion. In Brummer, R. et al., editor, FLAC and Numerical Modeling in Geomechanics - 2003 (Proceedings of the 3rd International FLAC Symposium, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, October 2003), pp. 17-26, Lisse. Balkema.
8 Diederichs, M.S. (2003). Manuel Rocha Medal Recipient Rock Fracture and Collapse Under Low Confinement Conditions. Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 339-381.   DOI
9 Hajiabdolmajid, V., Kaiser, P., Martin, C. (2002). Modelling brittle failure of rock. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 731-741.   DOI
10 Hoek, E., Guevara, R. (2009). Overcoming Squeezing in the Yacambú-Quibor Tunnel, Venezuela. Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 389-418.   DOI
11 Hoek, E., Kaiser, P.K., Bawden, W.F. (1995). Support of Underground Excavations in Hard Rock. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
12 Hoek, E., Marinos, P.G. (2008). Tunnelling in overstressed rock. In Vrkljan, I., editor, Rock Engineering in Difficult Ground Conditions - Soft Rocks and Karst, pages 49-60, London. Taylor and Francis Group.
13 Kaiser, P.K., Cai, M. (2012). Design of rock support system under rockburst condition. J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 215-227.   DOI
14 Kaiser, P.K., Diederiches, M.S., Martin, C.D., Sharp, J., Steiner, W. (2000). Underground Works in Hard Rock Tunnelling and Mining. In ISRM International Symposium, Melbourn, Australia.
15 Martin, C.D. (1995). Brittle rock strength and failure: Laboratory and in situ. In Fujii, T., editor, Proceedings of the 8th, ISRM Congress on Rock Mechanics, Tokyo. Vol. 3, pp. 1033-1040. A. A. Balkema.
16 Martin, C.D., Kaiser, P.K., McCreath, D.R. (1999). Hoek-Brown parameters for predicting the depth of brittle failure around tunnels. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 36, pp. 136-151.   DOI
17 Martin, C.D. (1997). Seventeenth canadian geotechnical colloquium: The effect of cohesion loss and stress path on brittle rock strength. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 698-725.   DOI
18 Martin, C.D., Chandler, N.A. (1994). The Progressive Fracture of Lac du Bonnet Granite. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr., Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 643-659.   DOI
19 Martin, C.D., Christiansson, R., Soderhall, J. (2001). Rock stability considerations for siting and constructing a KBS-3 repository Based on experiences from Aspo HRL, AECL's URL, tunneling and mining. Technical report, TR-01-38, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, Stockholm.
20 McCutchen, W. (1982). Some Elements of a Theory for In-situ Stress. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr., Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 201-203.   DOI
21 Mezger, F., Anagnostou, G., Ziegler, H.J. (2013). The excavation-induced convergences in the Sedrun section of the Gotthard Base Tunnel. Tunnelling Underground Space Technol, Vol. 38, pp. 447-463.   DOI
22 Panet, M. (1996). Two Case Histories of Tunnels Through Squeezing Rocks. Rock Mech. Rock Eng., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 155-164.   DOI
23 Read, R., Chandler, N., Dzik, E. (1998). In situ strength criteria for tunnel design in highly-stressed rock masses. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 261-278.   DOI
24 Roby, J., Willis, D., Carollo, B.S. (2008). Coping with difficult ground and 2000 m of cover in peru. In World Tunnel Congress 2008 - Underground Facilities for Better Environment and Safety, pp. 1003-1016.
25 Wang, J., Zeng, X., Zhou, J. (2012). Practices on rockburst prevention and control in headrace tunnels of Jinping II hydropower station. J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 258-268.   DOI
26 Sheorey, P.R. (1994). A Theory for In Situ Stresses in Isotropic and Transversely Isotropic Rock. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr., Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 23-34.   DOI