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Chemical Properties and Nutrient Loadings of Rainwater during Farming Season  

Ko, Byong-Gu (National Institute of Crop Science(NICS), RDA)
Kim, Min-Kyeong (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Lee, Jong-Sik (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Kim, Gun-Yeob (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Park, Seong-Jin (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Kwon, Soon-Ik (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Jung, Goo-Buk (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Lee, Deog-Bae (National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer / v.43, no.5, 2010 , pp. 578-583 More about this Journal
Abstract
Acid rain and its problem to environment such as acid precipitation and environmental problems related to the air pollution in East Asia has been emerging. To evaluate the acidity and chemical characteristics of rainwater precipitated in western Korea, Suwon and Taean, its pH and ion concentrations were investigated during farming season (April to November) in 2009. Also, ion composition and cation-affected neutralization were determined to evaluate the contribution of cations on the acidity of rainwater. Ion and electrical conductivity between the measured and the estimated showed high correlation. The $Na^+$ in rainwater was the main cation followed by ${NH_4}^+>Ca^{2+}>H^+>Mg^{2+}>K^+$. Sum of $Na^+$ and ${NH_4}^+$ contents was over 65% of total cations contents. In the case of anions, the concentration was in order of ${SO_4}^{2-}>{NO_3}^->Cl^-$. The ${SO_4}^{2-}$ among anions in rainwater composed about 61%, which showed on average 130.2 ${\mu}eq\;L^{-1}$ and 121.3 ${\mu}eq\;L^{-1}$ during monitoring at Suwon and Taean, respectively. Also, 89.6 and 88.6% of soluble sulfate in rainwater at Suwon and Taean area was NSS-${SO_4}^{2-}$ (Non-Sea Salt sulfate). Especially, ${NH_4}^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ contributed greatly in neutralizing the acid rain in dry season. Total nitrogen content flowed into soil from rain was around 1~2 kg $ha^{-1}$ in each month, but in July at Suwon, it reached 6 kg $ha^{-1}$ due to heavy rain (over 7.3 mm).
Keywords
Acidity; Discharge; Nutrient; Rainwater;
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