Effect of Different Fertilization Management Practices on Soil Microbial Activities and Community Structure in Volcanic Ash Citrus Orchard Soil

This study was performed to evaluate effect of different fertilization management practices on soil microbial activities and community structure using soil enzyme activities and PLFA contents in volcanic ash citrus orchard soil. Six experiment plots have differently managed based on the recommended application rate(NPK) of chemical fertilizer and compost for 13 years. Experiment plots were composed of no-fertilization(control), compost only, half amount of NPK with compost (1/2NPK+COM), NPK, NPK with compost(NPK+COM), and 3 times amount of NPK(3NPK). Soil samples collected in early March, May, July, and September 2007. Urease activity was high at NPK+COM in March, May, and September. It was higher in NPK+COM than in NPK. Urease activity decreased according to the order NPK>compost>control in March and May; compost>NPK>control in July and September. Dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher in 1/2NPK+COM($4.3ug\;TPF\;g^{-1}\;24h^{-1}$) than in control($2.4ug\;TPF\;g^{-1}\;24h^{-1}$), May. $\beta$-glucosidase activity was significantly higher in NPK and 1/2NPK+COM than in control, May. In March, Total PLFA contents were higher in NPK+COM($349.2n\;mol\;g^{-1}$) than in 3NPK($228.5n\;mol\;g^{-1}$). And that were higher in 1/2NPK+COM($237.8n\;mol\;g^{-1}$) than in 3NPK($133.1n\;mol\;g^{-1}$), May. Distribution ratio of soil microbial groups by PLFA biomaker were not significantly difference in between seasonal and treatments. Principal component analysis by PLFA profiles showed that microbial community in compost and 3NPK plot were different compared with other treatments in March. But Differences in compost and 3NPK plot were not found in May. Our result showed that the change of microbial community structure affected by fertilization effect and seasonable variation.

화산회토 감귤원 토양의 시비관리가 토양미생물활성 및 군집구조에 미치는 영향

화산회토 감귤원 토양의 시비관리에 따른 토양효소 활성과 인지질 지방산함량을 분석하여 토양미생물활성과 미생물군집구조에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 수행하였다. 토양은 13년간 시비량을 달리하여 관리되고 있는 무비료구, 퇴비구, 1/2NPK+퇴비구, NPK+퇴비구, NPK구, 3NPK구에서 2007년 3, 5, 7, 9월초에 채취하여 분석하였다. Urease 활성은 3, 5, 9월에 NPK+ 퇴비구에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 화학비료+퇴비구가 화학비료구보다 높았고, 3월과 5월은 NPK구>퇴비구>무비료구, 7월과 9월은 퇴비구>NPK구>무비료구 순이었다. Dehydrogenase활성은 5월에 1/2NPK+퇴비구가 $4.3ug\;TPF\;g^{-1}\;24h^{-1}$로 무비료구 $2.4ug\;TPF\;g^{-1}\;24h^{-1}$ 보다 높았고 처리간에 통계적 유의성을 나타냈다. $\beta$-glucosidase 활성은 5월에 NPK구와 1/2NPK+퇴비구가 무비료구 보다 높았으며 처리간에 유의성을 나타내었다. 3월에 인지질 지방산 총함량은 NPK+퇴비구가 $349.2n\;mol\;g^{-1}$로 3NPK구 $228.5n\;mol\;g^{-1}$보다 높게 나타났다. 5월은 1/2NPK+퇴비구가 $237.8n\;mol\;g^{-1}$로 3NPK구 $133.1n\;mol\;g^{-1}$보다 높았다. PLFA의 Biomaker에 의한 미생물군들의 분포비율은 조사시기와 처리간에 통계적으로 유의성 있는 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 시기별로 인지질 지방산 함량을 이용하여 처리구별 미생물군집의 변화에 대한 주성분 분석결과 3월의 경우 퇴비구와 3NPK구가 다른 처리구와 다르게 군집구조를 나타냈으나 5월에는 퇴비구와 3NPK구간에 군집구조의 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 7월과 9월에는 처리구간에 군집구조의 차이가 없었다. 화학비료 시비와 시간적 변이가 미생물 군집구조 변화에 영향을 준 것으로 판단되었다.