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Biocontrol of Damping-Off(Rhizoctonia solani) in Cucumber by Trichoderma asperellum T-5  

Ryu, Ji-Yeon (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, and Environmental-Friendly Agriculture Research Center, Chonnam National University)
Jin, Rong-De (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, and Environmental-Friendly Agriculture Research Center, Chonnam National University)
Kim, Yong-Woong (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, and Environmental-Friendly Agriculture Research Center, Chonnam National University)
Lee, Hyang-Burm (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, and Environmental-Friendly Agriculture Research Center, Chonnam National University)
Kim, Kil-Yong (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, and Environmental-Friendly Agriculture Research Center, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer / v.39, no.4, 2006 , pp. 185-194 More about this Journal
Abstract
A fungal strain of Trichoderma having strong chitinolytic activity was isolated from field soil enriched with crabshell for several years. Based on 5.8S rRNA, partial 18S, 28S rRNA genes, ITS1, ITS2 sequence analysis and morphological characteristics, the fungus was identified as Trichoderma asperellum and named as Trichoderma asperellum T-5 (TaT-5). The fungus released lytic enzymes such as chitinase and ${\beta}$-1, 3-glucanse, and produced six antifungal substances in chitin broth medium. To demonstrate the protective effect of TaT-5 against damping-off in cucumber plant caused by Rhizoctonia solani, TaT-5 culture broth (TA), chitin medium (CM) and distilled water (DW) were applied to each pot at 10 days after sowing, respectively. Then, the homogenized hyphae of R. solani were infected to each pot at 1 week after TaT-5 inoculation. During experimental period, fresh weight of shoot and root in cucumber plant more increased at TA treatment compared to other treatments. PR-proteins (${\beta}$-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase) activities in cucumber leaves markedly increased at CM and DW treatments, but the activity slightly increased and then decreased at TA treatment at 3 days after infection of R. solani. The activity of PR-proteins activities in cucumber roots at all treatments decreased with time where the degree of decrement was more alleviated at TA treatment than CM and DW. These results suggest that the lytic enzymes (chitinase and ${\beta}$-1, 3-glucanse) and antifungal substances produced by TaT-5 can reduce the pathogenic attack by R. solani in cucumber plants.
Keywords
Trichoderma sp.; chitinase; ${\beta}$-1, 3-glucanse; antifungal substance;
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