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Nutrient Load Balance in Large-Scale Paddy Fields during Rice Cultivation  

Kim, Min-Kyeong (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Roh, Kee-An (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Lee, Nam-Jong (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Seo, Myung-Chul (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Koh, Mun-Hwan (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer / v.38, no.3, 2005 , pp. 164-171 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the load of nutrient from paddy fields. Water management practices that can reduce eutrophication and meet water quality requirements will also be addressed. Continuous monitoring from May to September in 2002 and 2003 was conducted for water quantification and qualification at the intensive paddy fields in Icheon, Gyunggi province of Korea. Water balance and concentration variation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water were independently compared for water quality assessment at each rice cultivation period. Rice land preparation and transplanting periods usually marked the highest water demand when compared to other periods of cultivation. Overall, a greater net irrigation ratio was observed during the transplanting period in 2002 (92.3%) and 2003 (87.2%). The measured total N loads of precipitation, irrigation, drainage, and percolation during the rice cultivation period were 9.9, 41.6, 22.1, and $5.5kg\;ha^{-1}$ for 2002 and 15.8, 55.4, 17.3, and $7.5kg\;ha^{-1}$ for 2003, respectively. The measured total P loads of precipitation, irrigation, drainage, and percolation during the rice cultivation period were 2.1, 13.0, 3.6, and $1.8kg\;ha^{-1}$ for 2002 and 1.6, 15.0, 5.0, and $1.2kg\;ha^{-1}$ for 2003, respectively. Daily nutrient load followed the pattern of surface drainage water, but this pattern was changed by rainfall events. The nutrient load in drainage water depends on rainfall and surface drainage water amount from the paddy fields. Interestingly, the load of total N and total P output was smaller than the input load due to the natural infiltration that Occurred during the rice cultivation period. It is concluded that the paddy fields have a beneficial effect on the ecosystem and can reduce eutrophication in the water.
Keywords
Paddy field; Water balance; Nitrogen; Phosphorous; Nutrient Load;
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