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Comparison of Methods of Permanent Charge Measurement in Montmorillonite and Illite  

Lee, Sang-Ryong (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Ok, Yong-Sik (Division of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
Choi, You-Suk (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Lim, Sookil (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Kim, Jeong-Gyu (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer / v.37, no.3, 2004 , pp. 136-142 More about this Journal
Abstract
Though diverse methods have been developed to characterize surface charge of soils and pure minerals, there is not still a reliable and rapid method for differentiating permanent charge from variable charge. Thus, it is needed to find out a reasonable method for measuring permanent and pH-dependent charge of soils. In this study various methods such as Cs-adsorption method, Hybrid model, $NH_4{^+}$-adsorption method and theoretical calculation of lattice charge were applied to measure permanent charge of montmorillonite and illite. Calculated lattice charge was $71.82cmol\;kg^{-1}$ and $14.20cmol\;kg^{-1}$ for montmorillonite and illite, respectively. The permanent charge measured by Cs-adsorption method were $78.23cmol\;kg^{-1}$ and $11.13cmol\;kg^{-1}$ for montmorillonite and illite, respectively. The differences between the values measured by Cs-adsorption method and the calculated lattice charge were not different significantly as $6.41cmol\;kg^{-1}$ and $3.07cmol\;kg^{-1}$. But, Hybrid model showed an underestimated values when applied to clay minerals with predominant amounts of permanent charge. The experimental results showed Cs-adsorption method was more reasonable for permanent charge measurement than the Hybrid model for illlte or montmorillonitetype clays.
Keywords
Cs-adsorption; Hybrid model; Illite; Montmorillonite; Permanent charge;
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