Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4191/kcers.2015.52.1.77

Effect of the Electrode Type on the Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Piezoelectric PMN-PZT Single Crystals  

Lee, Jong-Yeb (R & D Center, Ceracomp Co., Ltd.)
Oh, Hyun-Taek (R & D Center, Ceracomp Co., Ltd.)
Choi, Kyoon (Icheon Brach, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology)
Lee, Ho-Yong (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sunmoon University)
Publication Information
Abstract
The effect of the electrode type on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of $Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-PbZrO_3-PbTiO_3$ (PMN-PZT) single crystals was investigated in an effort to improve their properties for various piezoelectric applications. First, three different types of PMN-PZT single crystals [PMN-PZT-A (piezoelectrically soft type; dielectric constant ~ 10,000), PMN-PZT-B (piezoelectrically soft type; phase-transition temperature between the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases ($T_{RT}$) ~ $145^{\circ}C$), PMN-PZT-C (piezoelectrically hard type; high mechanical quality factor ($Q_m$) ~ 1,000)] were fabricated using the solid-state single crystal growth (SSCG) method. Then, four different types of electrodes [sputtered Au, sputtered Cr/Au, sputtered Ti/Au, and fired Ag] were formed on the single crystals, and their dielectric and piezoelectric properties were measured. The single crystals with a sputtered Ti/Au electrode showed the highest dielectric and piezoelectric constants but the lowest coercive electric field ($E_C$). The single crystals with a fired Ag electrode showed the lowest dielectric and piezoelectric constants but the highest coercive electric field ($E_C$). This dependence on the type of electrode was most significant in the piezoelectrically hard PMN-PZT-C single crystals. However, the effects of the electrode type on the phase transition temperatures ($T_C$, $T_{RT}$) and dielectric loss were negligible. These results clearly demonstrate that it is important to select an appropriate electrode so as to maximize the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of single crystals in each type of piezoelectric application.
Keywords
Electrode; PMN-PZT; Single crystals; Piezoelectric; Dielectric;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 S. Zhang, F. Li, X. Jiang, J. Kim, J. Luo, and X. Geng, "Advantages and Challenges of Relaxor-$PbTiO_3$ Ferroelectric Crystals for Electroacoustic Transducers -A Review," Prog. Mater. Sci., 68 1-66 (2015).   DOI
2 B. Jaffe, W. R. Cook, and H. Jaffe, Piezoelectric Ceramics; pp. 135-81, Academic Press London and New York, 1997.
3 S. -E. Park and T. R. Shrout, "Ultrahigh Strain and Piezoelectric Behavior in Relaxor Based Ferroelectric Single Crystals," J. Appl. Phys., 82 1804-11 (1997).   DOI
4 S. Zhang and F. Li, "High Performance Ferroelectric Relaxor-$PbTiO_3$ Single Crystals: Status and Perspective," J. Appl. Phys., 111 031301-1-50 (2012).   DOI   ScienceOn
5 N. Yamamoto, K. Itsumi, Y. Hosono, and Y. Yamashita, "Effects of Electrodes on Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Lead Magnesium Niobate-Lead Titanate Single Crystal Transducer," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 50 09NC04-1-4 (2011).
6 S. Zhang, S. -M. Lee, D. -H. Kim, H. -Y. Lee, and T. R. Shrout, "Elastic, Piezoelectric, and Dielectric Properties of $0.71Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-0.29PbTiO_3$ Crystals Obtained by Solid-State Crystal Growth," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 91 [2] 683-86 (2008).   DOI
7 S. Zhang, S. -M. Lee, D. -H. Kim, H. -Y. Lee, and T. R. Shrout, "Temperature Dependence of the Dielectric, Piezoelectric, and Elastic Constants for $Pb(M_{g1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-PbZrO_3-PbTiO_3$ Piezocrystals," J. Appl. Phys., 102 114103-1-5 (2007).   DOI
8 S. Zhang, S. -M. Lee, D. -H. Kim, H. -Y. Lee, and T. R. Shrout, "Characterization of Mn-modified $Pb(M_{g1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-PbZrO_3-PbTiO_3$ Single Crystals for High Power Broad Bandwidth Transducers," Appl. Phys. Lett., 93 122908-1-3 (2008).   DOI
9 ANSI/IEEE Std 176-1987, IEEE Standard on Piezoelectricity, 1987.
10 S. Zhang, C. Randall, and T. R. Shrout, "Characterization of Perovskite Piezoelectric Single Crystals of $0.43BiScO_3-0.57PbTiO_3$ with High Curie Temperature," J. Appl. Phys., 95 [8] 4291-95 (2004).   DOI   ScienceOn
11 H. -Y. Lee, Development of High-Performance Piezoelectric Single Crystals by Using Solid-state Single Crystal Growth (SSCG) Method; pp. 158 in Handbook of Advanced Dielectric, Ed. by Z. -G. Ye, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials, CRC Press, New York, 2008.