Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4191/KCERS.2008.45.1.618

Effects of Macrophage on Biodegradation of β-tricalcium Phosphate Bone Graft Substitute  

Kim, Young-Hee (Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Jyoti, Anirban (Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Byun, In-Sun (Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Oh, Ik-Hyun (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology(KlTECH), Gwangju Research Center)
Min, Young-Ki (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Yang, Hun-Mo (Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Lee, Byong-Taek (Department of Biomedical Engineering & Materials, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Song, Ho-Yeon (Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society / v.45, no.10, 2008 , pp. 618-624 More about this Journal
Abstract
Various calcium phosphate bioceramics are distinguished by their excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Especially, the exceptional biodegradability of $\beta$-TCP makes it a bone graft substitute of choice in many clinical applications. The activation of osteoclasts, differentiated from macrophage precursor cells, trigger a cell-mediated resorption mechanism that renders $\beta$-TCP biodegradable. Based on this evidence, we studied the biodegradation process of granular-type $\beta$-TCP bone graft substitute through in vitro and in vivo studies. Raw 264.7 cells treated with RANKL and M-CSF differentiated into osteoclasts with macrophage-like properties, as observed with TRAP stain. These osteoclasts were cultured with $\beta$-TCP nano powders synthesized by microwave-assisted process. We confirmed the phagocytosis of osteoclasts by observing $\beta$-TCP particles in their phagosomes via electron microscopy. No damage to the osteoclasts during phagocytosis was observed, nor did the $\beta$-TCP powders show any sign of cytotoxicity. We also observed the histological changes in subcutaneous tissues of rats implanted with granule-type $\beta$-TCP synthesized by fibrous monolithic process. The $\beta$-TCP bone graft substitute was well surrounded with fibrous tissue, and 4 months after implantation, 60% of its mass had been biodegraded. Also, histological findings via H&E stain showed a higher level of infiltration of lymphocytes as well as macrophages around the granule-type $\beta$-TCP. From the results, we have concluded that macrophages play an important role in the biodegradation process of $\beta$-TCP bone graft substitutes.
Keywords
Bone graft substitute$\beta$-TCP; Biodegradation; Macrophage;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 1
연도 인용수 순위
1 P. Ducheyne, Q. Qiu, "Bioactive Ceramics: the Effect of Surface Reactivity on Bone Formation and Bone Cell Function," Biomaterials, 20 2287-303 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 H. S. Kang, "Histology First Edition," pp. 115-145, Komoonsa, Korea, 1993
3 S. A. Park, J. W. Shin, et al "In Vitro Study of Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells on Heattreated Porcine Trabecular Bone Blocks.," Biomaterials, 25 [3] 527-35 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
4 K. de Groot, "Calcium Phosphate Ceramics: their Current Status." pp. 477-92. In: J.W. Boretos and M. Eden, Editors, Contemporary biomaterials, Noyes Publications, USA, 1984
5 M, Jarcho, "Calcium Phosphate Ceramics as Hard Tissue Prosthetics," Clin. Orthop., 157 259-78 (1981)
6 J. W. Ha and H. J. Jung, "Preparation of Polycrystalline Hydroxyapatite Ceramics for the Application of Tooth Implants(in Korean)," J. Kor. Ceram. Soc., 20 [1] 55-62 (1983)
7 Ogose A, Hotta T, Hatano H, Kawashima H, Tokunaga K, Endo N, and Umezu H., "Histological Examination of Beta0tricalcium Phosphate Graft in Human Femur.," J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 63 601-4 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Ozawa M, Tanaka K, Morikawa S, Chazono M, and Fujii K., "Clinical Study of the Pure Beta-tricalcium Phosphate: Reports of 167 Cases., J. East. Jpn. Orthop. Traumatol., 12 409-13 (2000)
9 Ozawa M., "Experimental Study on Bone Conductivity and Absorbability if the Pure $\beta$-TCP.," J. Jap. Soc. Biomat., 13 17-25 (1995)
10 Chazono M, Tanaka T, Komaki H, and Fujii K., "Bone Formation and Bioresorption after Implantation of Injectable Btricalcium Phosphate Granules-hyaluronate Complex in Rabbit Bone Defects.," J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 70 [A] 542-9 (2004)
11 Ogose A, Kondo N, Umezu H, Hotta T, Kawashima H, Tokunaga K, et al. "Histological Assessment in Grafts of Highly Purified Betatricalcium Phosphate (OSferions) in Human Bones.," Biomaterials, 27 1542-9 (2006)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Ho-Yeon Song, Young-Ki Min, Hun-Mo Yang, and Joo- Yang Mang, "The Effects of HAp and BCP Nano Powders Synthesized by Microwave-assisted Synthesis on the Activation of Osteoblast and Osteoclast," Kor. J. Mater. Res., 17 [12] 669-75 (2007)   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Hwang KK, Huh NK, and Lee JH., "Studies on the Signaling on the Molecules in RANK, an Osteoclast Differentiation Receptor," Oral Biol. Res., 24 245-54 (2000)
14 I.-C. Kang, S.-H. Cho, H.-Y. Song, and B.-T. Lee, "Fabrication of Continuously Porous Alumina Bodies by Multiextrusion Process and their In-vitro and In-vivo Study for Biocompatibility(in Korean)," J. Kor. Ceram. Soc., 41 [7] 560-66 (2004)   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Grigoriades AE, Wang ZQ, Cecchini MG, Hofstetter W, Felix R, Fleisch HA, and Wagner EF., "c-Fos: A Key Regulator of Osteoclast-macrophage Lineage Determination and Bone Remodeling," Science, 266 443-48 (1994)
16 Teitelbaum SL., "Bone Resortion by Osteoclast.," Science, 289 1504-08 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Boyle WJ, Simonet WS, and Lacey DL., "Osteoclast Differentiation and Activation.," Nature, 423 337-42 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
18 K. A. Hing, S. M. Best, and W. Bonfield, "Characteristic of Porous Hydroxyapatite," J. Mater. in Med., 10 135-45 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 J.E. Lee, J.C. Park, Y.H. Kim, and H. Suh, "In vitro Evaluation of PEG Modified Polyurethanes in Cellular Toxicity," Biomet. Res., 2 [2] 65-8 (1998)
20 Kondo N, Ogose A, Tokunaga K, Ito T, Arai K, Kudo N, et al. Bone "Formation and Resorption of Highly Purified $\beta$- tricalcium Phosphate in the Rat Femoral Condyle.," Biomaterials, 26 5600-8 (2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
21 F.H. Albee, "Studies in Bone Growth-triple Calcium Phosphate as a Stimulus to Osteogenesis," Ann. Sur., 71 33-7 (1920)
22 S. Higashi, T. Yamamuro, T. Nakamura, Y. Ikada, S.H. Hyon, and K. Jamshidi, "Polymer-hydroxyapatite Composites for Biodegradable Bone Fillers," Biomaterials, 7 [3] 183-87 (1986)   DOI   ScienceOn
23 L.L. Hench, "Bioceramics," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81 1705-28 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn