Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4191/KCERS.2006.43.9.544

Technique of Direct Copper to Glass Seal in an Evacuated Tube Solar Collector  

Kim, Cheol-Young (Department of Ceramic Engineering, Inha University)
Lim, Hyong-Bong (Department of Ceramic Engineering, Inha University)
Cho, Nam-Kwon (Department of Ceramic Engineering, Inha University)
Kwak, Hee-Youl (Department of New and Renewable Energy Research, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society / v.43, no.9, 2006 , pp. 544-551 More about this Journal
Abstract
The sealing technique between a glass tube and a copper heat pipe in an evacuated tube solar collector is studied. In this study two different sealing techniques, such as flame method and furnace firing, are examined. After the sealing of a copper to a glass, the oxidation state of the copper and its bonding morphology were examined by SEM and XRD. Its oxidation was retarded by coating of borate solution on the copper, and $Cu_2O(cuprite)$ turned into CuO(tenorite) with increase in a firing temperature and firing time. Porous structure was found in the oxide layer when CuO formed. The best sealing morphology was observed when the thickness of the oxidation layer was less than $20{\mu}m$. The sealing technique performed in a furnace was promising and the satisfactory result was obtained when the sample was fired at $950^{\circ}C$ for 5 min under $N_2$ atmosphere. Annealing procedure is recommended to remove the stress left at the bonding zone.
Keywords
Copper to glass sealing; Borate coating; Cuprite; Tenorite; Annealing;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 J. A. Park, 'Modern Aspects of Vitreous State'; vol. 3, pp. 128, J. D. Mackenzie, Butterworth, London, 1964
2 A. Roth, 'Vacuum Sealing Techniques'; pp. 169-99, pp. 752-53, American Vacuum Society Classics, USA, 1993
3 H. J. McCarthy, 'Method of Effecting a Glass to Metal Seal,' US. Pat. 2717475, 1955
4 C. Y. Kim, M.-S. Nam, and H.-Y. Kwak, 'Bonding Mechanism of Direct Copper to Glass Seal in an Evacuated Tube Solar Collector(in Korean),' J. Kor. Ceram. Soc., 38 [11] 1000-07 (2001)   과학기술학회마을
5 T. Takamori, 'Treatise on Materials Science and Technology,' pp. 180-89, Vol. 17, Academic Press, New York, 1979
6 H. Kim and K. K. Lee, 'Direct Sealing Glass-Ceramics to Metal(in Korean),' J. Kor. Ceram. Soc., 18 [2] 99-104 (1981)
7 M. Wittmer, 'Eutectic Bonding of Copper to Ceramic'; pp. 393-98 in Electronic Packing Materials Science. Ed. by E. A. Geiss, K. N. Tu, and D. R. Uhlmann, Material Research Society, 1985
8 H. J. McCarthy, 'Glass to Metal Seals,' US Pat. 2422628, 1947
9 G. V. Samsonov, 'The Oxide Handbook'; pp. 128-35, IFI/ PLENUM Data Company, New York, 1982
10 H. Harada, 'Sealing of Iron-Chromium Alloy and Glass,' US. Pat. 62297246, 1987
11 Zanchetta-A, Lefort-P, and Gabbay-E, 'Thermal Expansion and Adhesion of Ceramic to Metal Sealing Case of Porcelain- Kovar Junction,' J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 15 [3] 233-38 (1995)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 W. H. Glime and J. D. Cawley, 'Stress Concentration Due to Fiber Matrix Fusion in Ceramic Matrix Composites,' J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81 [10] 2597-604 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
13 W.-C. Jeong and C.-H. Kim, 'Glass to Metal Bonding by Electric Field(in Korean),' J. Kor. Ceram. Soc., 20 [1] 70- 8 (1983)   과학기술학회마을