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http://dx.doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2016.23.4.553

Effects of polyphenol and anthocyanin contents of Punica granatum fruit parts on their antioxidant and anticancer activities  

Park, Jung-Suk (Department of Alternative Medicine, Kwang-ju Women's University)
Chon, Sang-Uk (Future Agro-Food Research Institute, EFARINET Co., Ltd.)
Moon, Eun Woo (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
Jeong, Cheol-Yun (Department of Alternative Medicine, Kwang-ju Women's University)
Publication Information
Food Science and Preservation / v.23, no.4, 2016 , pp. 553-559 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of phenolics and various anthocyanin compounds, and antioxidant and anticancer activities of the extracts from pomergranates, which were produced in two different regions including Goheung, Korea and California, USA. These pomergrantes were divided into juice, pericarp, and seed parts and each part was extracted with 95% methanol. Content of total phenolics [mg chlorogenic acid equivalents/kg DW] was highest in pericarp, followed by juice and seeds from pomergrantes in both regions. The anthocyanins identified in pomegranate fruit were cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside chloride (Cy3,5G), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Cy3G), delphini din-3,5-di-O-glucoside chloride (Dp3,5G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Dp3G), pelargonidin-3,5-di-glucoside chloride (Pg3,5G), and pelargonidin-3-glucoside chloride (Pg3G). Among these, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside chloride (Cy3,5G) was the major anthocyanin in California pomegranate fruit juice and Goheung pomegranate fruit pericarp. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical) free radical scavenging activity was dose-dependently increased, and was higher in pericarp part than juice or seed parts from pomergrantes in both regions. By MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, pericarp extracts from pomergrantes in both regions showed the highest anticancer activity, which was higher on Calu-6 for human pulmonary carcinoma than SNU-601 for human gastric carcinoma. Correlation between polyphenols and anticancer activity on Calu-6 was determined to be in the range of $r^2=0.8904$ to 0.9706.
Keywords
Punica granatum; polyphenol; anthocyanin; DPPH radical scavenging activity; anticancer activity;
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