Browse > Article

Microbiological Safety During Delivering of Food Ingredients Supplied to Elementary School Food Services in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Provinces -Seafood, Meat and Frozen Processing Food-  

Kim, Yun-Hwa (Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University)
Ryu, Kyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University)
Lee, Yeon-Kyung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Food Science and Preservation / v.16, no.2, 2009 , pp. 276-285 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study evaluated the microbiological quality and safety of food items(seafood, meat, eggs, and frozen food) supplied to elementary school food services, during delivery, and analyzed the distribution/delivery system. To this end, 10 food items supplied by 13 factories in Daegu and Gyeongbuk were chosen for study. Beef and pork were delivered directly to schools in freezer vans. Seafood, chicken, and frozen food were delivered to schools by refrigerated vans(${\leq}10^{\circ}C$) that made other delivery stops before arriving at schools. After food was delivered to schools, total bacterial counts and coliforms(respectively) were as follows: mackerel($2.0{\times}10^2-3.2{\times}10^5$, $<5-4.0{\times}10^3CFU/g$), common squid($2.5{\times}10^4-6.6{\times}10^5$, $1.6{\times}10^2-6.0{\times}10^3CFU/g$), shellfish($3.2{\times}10^5-1.7{\times}10^3$, $4.0{\times}10^3-3.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$), boiled fish paste($1.9{\times}10^4$, <5 CFU/g), beef($9.2{\times}10^2-6.4{\times}10^4$, $<5-2.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$), pork($2.6{\times}10^3-1.3{\times}10^6$, $<5-2.7{\times}10^2CFU/g$), chicken($1.0{\times}10^4$, $2.4{\times}10^2CFU/g$), egg($<5-2.3{\times}10^2$, <5 CFU/g), frozen mandu($3.2{\times}10^3-9.5{\times}10^4$, <5 CFU/g), and frozen noodles($<5-9.0{\times}10$, <5 CFU/g). Bacillus cereus($2.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$) and E. coli($1.0{\times}10\;CFU/g$) were detected on shellfish, and Staphylococcus aureuswas detected on pork($3.1{\times}10\;CFU/g$) and chicken($7.8{\times}10\;CFU/g$). Most food items were double-wrapped in vinyl and placed in corrugated cardboard boxes prior to delivery, and the boxes weremixed with other food items when they were put in the vans. There was no cross-contamination during distribution. However, total shellfish bacterial counts increased slightly. These results indicate that foods need to be completely pasteurized during processing. Frozen food items should not be mixed and should be delivered by freezer vans(${\leq}4^{\circ}C$). The number of stops made during distribution/delivery should be reduced.
Keywords
microbiological safety; food items; distribution/delivery stages; school food services;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Gilbert R.J., De Louvois, J., Donovan, T., Hooper, W.L., Nichols, G. and Peel, R.N. (2000) Microbiological guidelines for some ready-to-eat foods sampled at the point of sale. Communicable Disease and Public Health, 3, 163-167
2 Cho, K.D. and Lee, B.H. (2004) HACCP system application on chicken entrées served by lunch program of elementary schools. Korean J. Food Cookery Sci., 1, February, 63-75
3 Korea food drug administration (2007) food & drug statistical yearbook
4 정기혜, 곽노성, 김영래, 윤시몬, 이성국, 김정선 (2003) 학교급식의 위생관리 방안 연구. 한국보건사회연구원 정책보고서, 2003-44
5 Byun, S.B., Lee, S.H., Lee, S.H., Lee, Y.W., Sun, N.K. and Song, K.B. (2003) Effect of storage temperature on the microbiological and pH changes of mackerel, croaker, and saury during storage. Korean J. Food Preserv, 2, 154-157
6 Kim, G.W., Kim, H.K., Kim, J.S., An, H.Y., Hu, G.W., Son, J.K., Kim, O.S. and Cho, S.Y. (2008) Characterizing the quality of salted mackerel prepared with deep seawater. J. Kor. Fish. Soc., 3, 163-169
7 Lee, H., Oh Y.H., Park, S.G. and Choi, S.M. (2007) Antibiosis susceptibility and distribution of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the seafood. Kor. J. Env. Health, 1, 16-20
8 Roh, P.U., Bin, S.O. and Kim, S.W. (1997) A study on contamination of fish sold at wholesale market in Seoul area -material collected from Seoul Karak fish market-. J. Food Hyg. Safety, 4, 294-299
9 David, P., David, J., Stephen, M., Ian, J. and John, S. (2006) A national survey of the microbiological quality of beef carcasses and frozen boneless beef in Australia. J Food Protect., 5, 1113-1117
10 Nam, E.J. (2006): Development of a generic HACCP plan for large restaurants by food type. Doctor's degree thesis. Kyungpook National University. pp. 76-86
11 국립수의과학검역원 (2006) 축산물 가공장 HACCP 적용 매뉴얼
12 Moureh, J. and Derens, E. (2000) Numerical modelling of the temperature increase in frozen food packaged in pallets in the distribution chain. International J. Refrigeration, 7, 540-552
13 Wi, T.S., Hwang, D.Y., Choe, J.S. and Jeong, H.Y. (2004) Improvement of the food supply system in school food service. 食品流通硏究, 2, 113-138
14 Hwang, W.M., Lee, S.M., Hwang, H.S. and Han, J.H. (2004) Survey on the contamination of microorganisms in chicken meat from slaughterhouse in Incheon area. Kor. J. Vet. Publ. Hlth., 2, 59-65
15 식품의약품안전청 (2005, 2008) 식품공전
16 교육인적자원부 (2004) 학교급식 위생관리 지침서
17 Jeong, H.S., Yoon, J.Y., and Bae, H.J. (2007) Assessment of utilization and storage management practice of frozen and refrigerated foods in school foodservice -focus on meats, seafoods and processed foods-. J. Korean Diet. Assoc., 4, 345-356
18 Kim, J.H., Lee, Y.W., Lee, H.J. and Na, S.S. (1997) A study on characteristics of Escherichia coli isolated from fish in market. J. Fd Hyg. Safety, 4, 354-360
19 Food Quality (2005) Food service & retail, School food logistics. http://www.foodquality.com/mag/09012005/fq_09012005_FS1.htm
20 Jang, J.H., Lee, N.A, Woo, G.J. and Park, J.H. (2006) Prevalence of Bacillus cereus group in rice and distribution of enterotoxin genes. Food Sci. Biotechnol., 2, 232-237
21 Nam, E.J., Kim, M.R. and Lee, Y.K. (2003) Effects of HACCP implementation on an industry foodservice operation in Daegu, Korean. J. Nutr., 2, 223-230
22 Chang, Y.H. (1999) Isolation and characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes from frozen foods in Korea. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., 5, 1324-1329
23 학교급식법 (2007, 4. 11) 품질 및 안전을 위한 준수사항, 제3장 제16조
24 Yoo, W.C., Park, H.K. and Kim, K.L. (2000) Microbiological hazard analysis for prepared foods and raw materials of foodservice operation. J. Korea Dietary Culture, 2, 123-137
25 식품위생법 시행령(‘7. 12. 13) 제7조제5호나목(7) 및 제13조제2항제5호, 시행규칙(’08. 1. 21) 제20조 관련 [별표9] 5나(8) 및 제42조 관련[별표13] 3의2
26 Kang, H.J., Kim, Y.H. and Son, W.G. (2000) Contamination level of retail meat and chickens by quantitative test of food poisoning bacteria. J. Fd Hyg. Safety, 3, 204-208
27 Alvareze-Astrorga, M., Capita, R., Alonso-Calleja, C., Moreno, B. and Garcia-Fernandez, M.C. (2002) Microbiological quality of retail chicken by-products in Spain. Meat Science, 62, 45-50   DOI   ScienceOn
28 하상도, 류경 (2005) 학교급식 식중독 저감화 및 유통 어린이식품 안전 관리. 서울지방식품의약품안전청 연구결과보고서, 05162지특화551
29 Korea food drug administration (2008) food-borne disease outbreaks trend