Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2017.46.6.671

Effects of Black Soybean and Fermented Black Soybean Extracts on Proliferation of Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells  

Choi, Ji-Hye (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University)
Lee, Myoungsook (Department of Food and Nutrition and Research Institute of Obesity Science, Sungshin Women's University)
Kim, Hyun Jung (Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University)
Kwon, Jung Il (R&D Center, Maeil Dairies Co., Ltd.)
Lee, Yunkyoung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.46, no.6, 2017 , pp. 671-680 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects and potential mechanisms of action of black soybean extracts and fermented black soybean extracts by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Bifidobacterium animals subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB-12) on proliferation of human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC). We examined changes in pH, total polyphenol, sugar, and reducing sugar contents according to fermentation period of black soybean extracts. Assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide was performed to determine cell toxicity levels of the four black soybean extracts [black soybean water extract (BWE), black soybean ethanol extract (BEE), fermented BWE (F-BEW), and fermented BEE (F-BEE)]. Changes in mRNA expression levels of hair growth promoting factors and hair growth inhibiting factors by the four black soybean extracts were measured by real-time PCR. In addition, phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase family proteins were measured by western blot analysis. As a result, fermentation of black soybeans significantly reduced pH, total polyphenols, and sugar/reducing sugar contents. All four black soybean extracts showed no cellular toxicity in HFDPC. In fact, BEE significantly enhanced cell viability of HFDPC at $100{\mu}g/mL$ compared to control. BWE, BEE, and BWE-F significantly increased mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, and all four extracts increased mRNA expression of fibroblast growth factor. However, mRNA expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were not affected by black soybean extracts in HFDPC. Furthermore, BWE, BEE, and BWE-F significantly increased phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase compared to control. Taken together, we demonstrated that black soybean extracts enhanced proliferation of human follicle dermal papilla cells partially via activation of hair growth promoting factors, although no particular significant effects on proliferation were observed by fermentation of black soybeans.
Keywords
alopecia; black soybean; fermentation; human follicle dermal papilla cell;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 15  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 McClennan KJ, Markham A. 1999. Finasteride: a review of its use in male pattern hair loss. Drugs 57: 111-126.   DOI
2 Park DS, Lee JS, Lee JH. 2012. Study of the clinical efficacy on hair-growth effect of leaves extracts of Thuja orientalis L.. Korean Soc Beauty Art 13: 93-103.
3 Kang JI, Moon J, Kim EJ, Lee YK, Koh YS, Yoo ES, Kang HK, Yim D. 2013. The hair growth effects of wheat bran. Korean J Pharmacogn 44: 384-390.
4 Park HR, Kim GJ, Kim S, Kim KY. 2011. A screening of effective natural cosmetical materials for scalp care. J Invest Cosmetol 7: 115-122.   DOI
5 Lee LS, Choi EJ, Kim CH, Kim YB, Kum JS, Park JD. 2014. Quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of black and yellow soybeans. Korean J Food Sci Technol 46: 757-761.   DOI
6 Choi IS, Bae YJ, Jang S, Lee DH, Yun ME, Lee HS, Kim MH, Lee SH, Sung CJ. 2005. Effect of soy isoflavone supplementation and exercise on serum lipids in postmenopausal women. Korean J Nutr 38: 411-418.
7 Cassileth BR, Vickers AJ. 2003. Soy: an anticancer agent in wide use despite some troubling data. Cancer Invest 21: 817-818.   DOI
8 Kwon TW. 2000. Soybean in the 21st century. Korea Soybean Digest 17: 1-4.
9 Lim SS, Lim SY, Yean YH, Min JS, Kim BH, Ka MK, Cho DU. 2011. Change and analysis of vocal cords vibration and voice energy by intaking black bean tea. Proceedings of Summer Meeting of the Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences, Jeju, Korea. p 980-981.
10 Lee CS, Kim HH. 2005. A study on the soybean effects for scalp hair treatment. J Beau Tricho 1: 77-90.
11 Jeon HY, Kim SH, Kim CW, Shin HJ, Seo DB, Lee SJ. 2011. Hair growth promoting effects of black soybean extract in vitro and in vivo. Korean J Food Sci Technol 43: 747-753.   DOI
12 Ahn YT. 2014. Development of probiotic dairy products using lactic acid bacteria isolated from human intestine. Food Science and Industry 47(4): 45-54.
13 Park KY. 2012. Increased health functionality of fermented foods. Food Industry and Nutrition 17(1): 1-8.
14 Park JW, Lee YJ, Yoon S. 2007. Total flavonoids and phenolics in fermented soy products and their effects on antioxidant activities determined by different assays. Korean J Food Cult 22: 353-358.
15 Song NE, Song YR, Kim JH, Kim YE, Han AR, Jeong DY, Baik SH. 2011. Development of sugar-soaked black soybean snack and its quality change on functional components. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40: 853-859.   DOI
16 Ozeki M, Tabata Y. 2003. In vivo promoted growth of mice hair follicles by the controlled release of growth factors. Biomaterials 24: 2387-2394.   DOI
17 Tsuboi R, Sato C, Kurita Y, Ron D, Rubin JS, Ogawa H. 1993. Keratinocyte growth factor (FGF-7) stimulates migration and plasminogen activator activity of normal human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 101: 49-53.   DOI
18 Kwon SH, Ahn IS, Kim SO, Kong CS, Chung HY, Do MS, Park KY. 2007. Anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of black soybean anthocyanins. J Med Food 10: 552-556.   DOI
19 Park ES, Lee JY, Park KY. 2015. Anticancer effects of black soybean doenjang in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 44: 1270-1278.   DOI
20 Folin O, Denis W. 1912. On phosphotungstic-phosphomolybdic compounds as color reagents. J Biol Chem 12: 239-243.
21 Dubois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28: 350-356.   DOI
22 Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31: 426-428.   DOI
23 Mosmann T. 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods 65: 55-63.   DOI
24 Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72: 248-254.   DOI
25 Joo SS. 2011. In vitro and in vivo hair growth promotion effects of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented plant extracts (MBN). Korean J Food Sci Technol 43: 381-386.   DOI
26 Hsu CL, Liu JS, Lin AC, Yang CH, Chung WH, Wu WG. 2014. Minoxidil may suppress androgen receptor-related functions. Oncotarget 5: 2187-2197.   DOI
27 Hoffmann R, Eicheler W, Huth A, Wenzel E, Happle R. 1996. Cytokines and growth factors influence hair growth in vitro. Possible implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol Res 288: 153-156.   DOI
28 Paus R, Foitzik K, Welker P, Bulfone-Paus S, Eichmuller S. 1997. Transforming growth factor-$\beta$ receptor type I and type II expression during murine hair follicle development and cycling. J Invest Dermatol 109: 518-526.   DOI
29 Hong YH, Bae SH, Suh HJ. 2015. Effect of herbal complex extract including Houttuynia cordata Thunb on hair growth promotion in C57BL/6 mice. Korean J Aesthet Cosmetol 13: 321-329.
30 Ha WH, Park DH. 2013. Effect of seaweed extract on hair growth promotion in experimental study of C57BL/6 mice. Arch Craniofac Surg 14: 1-10.   DOI
31 Han JH, Kwon OS, Chung JH, Cho KH, Eun HC, Kim KH. 2004. Effect of minoxidil on proliferation and apoptosis in dermal papilla cells of human hair follicle. J Dermatol Sci 34: 91-98.   DOI
32 Tang Y, Zhou H, Chen A, Pittman RN, Field J. 2000. The Akt proto-oncogene links Ras to Pak and cell survival signals. J Biol Chem 275: 9106-9109.   DOI
33 Camu N, De Winter T, Addo SK, Takrama JS, Bernaert H, De Vuyst L. 2008. Fermentation of cocoa beans: influence of microbial activities and polyphenol concentrations on the flavour of chocolate. J Sci Food Agric 88: 2288-2297.   DOI
34 Hwang IW, Lee HR, Kim SK, Zheng HZ, Choi JU, Lee SH, Lee SH, Chung SK. 2008. Proanthocyanidin content and antioxidant characteristics of grape seeds. Korean J Food Preserv 15: 859-863.
35 Seo HS, Chung BH, Cho YG. 2008. Antioxidant and anticancer effects of Agrimony (Agrimonia pilosa L.) and Chinese lizardtail (Saururus chinensis Baill). Korean J Med Crop Sci 16: 139-143.
36 Jhoo JW. 2008. Anti-inflammatory effects of purpurogallin carboxylic acid, an oxidation product of gallic acid in fermented tea. Korean J Food Sci Technol 40: 707-711.
37 Misnawi J, Jinap S, Jamilah B, Nazamid S. 2003. Effects of incubation and polyphenol oxidase enrichment on colour, fermentation index, procyanidins and astringency of unfermented and partly fermented cocoa beans. Int J Food Sci Technol 38: 285-295.   DOI
38 Lee NR, Go TH, Lee SM, Hong CO, Park KM, Park GT, Hwang DY, Son HJ. 2013. Characteristics of Chungkookjang prepared by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with different soybeans and fermentation temperatures. Korean J Microbiol 49: 71-77.   DOI
39 Eom SM, Jung BY, Oh HI. 2009. Changes in chemical components of Cheonggukjang prepared with germinated soybeans during fermentation. J Appl Biol Chem 52: 133-141.   DOI
40 Lee BS, Hong SH, Kim YC. 2015. The changes in hair growth-relevant enzyme activity and cytokine expression induced by topical application of sandalwood oil to C57BL/6 mice. J Invest Cosmetol 11: 9-15.   DOI
41 Dave RI, Shah NP. 1998. Ingredient supplementation effects on viability of probiotic bacteria in yogurt. J Dairy Sci 81: 2804-2816.   DOI
42 Hagemann T, Schlütter-Bohmer B, Allam JP, Bieber T, Novak N. 2005. Positive lymphocyte transformation test in a patient with allergic contact dermatitis of the scalp after short-term use of topical minoxidil solution. Contact Derm 53: 53-55.   DOI
43 Wood LS. 2010. New therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma. Urologic Nursing 30: 40-53.   DOI
44 Lee TH, Moon JB, Jeong JH, Leem KH, Kim HT. 2009. A study of clinical features and classifications of alopecia patients in Korean medicinal clinic. J Korean Med Ophthalmol Otolaryngol Dermatol 22: 153-166.
45 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. 2014. News regarding statistics of male alopecia. Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Wonju, Korea.
46 Lee EJ, Lee KK. 2010. A study on the behavioral of scalp, and care of losing hair of middle aged men's hair-losers. J Korean Society Cosmetology 16: 674-686.
47 Park JY, Lee SD, Gown GH. 2014. A study on the analysis of factor related to alopecia of women in 20-30 years old. Korean Soc Beauty Art 15(4): 53-65.