Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.10.1397

Biological Activities of Isolated Icariin from Epimedium koreanum Nakai  

Kim, Seo-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
Park, Myoung-Su (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
Ding, Tian (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
Wang, Jun (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
Oh, Deog-Hwan (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.40, no.10, 2011 , pp. 1397-1403 More about this Journal
Abstract
Epimedium koreanum Nakai is a wild medicinal plant commonly consumed in South Korea due to its health beneficial effects. In the present study, the antioxidative, antimutagenic and immunological activities of E. koreanum Nakai extracts were investigated for their use in food. The yields of icariin compounds from the ethanol extract as well as the ethyl acetate, butanol, hexane, water, and chloroform fractions of E. koreanum were 27.9, 2.5, 1.7, 1.4, and 1.3 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The icariin components (295.5 ${\mu}g/g$) were collected from the ethyl acetate fraction by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant activities of each fraction were as follows: ethyl acetate (49.0 ${\mu}g/mL$), butanol (59.2 ${\mu}g/mL$), hexane (119.8 ${\mu}g/mL$), water (122.0 ${\mu}g/mL$), and chloroform (138.5 ${\mu}g/mL$), based on $RC_{50}$ ${\mu}g/mL$. Icariin, isolated and identified as the main component, showed strong antioxidant activity with a $RC_{50}$ value of 15.3 ${\mu}g/mL$, which was higher than those of ascorbic acid (19.5 ${\mu}g/mL$) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (18.2 ${\mu}g/mL$). In an Ames test, none of the fractions produced mutagenic effects on Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 and TA100. In an immunomodulating activity test, the effects of E. koreanum Nakai on B cells (Rhamos) and T cells (Jurkat) were investigated. These results show that the growth and viability of B and T cells were increased by isolated icariin components for 1.27 and 1.28 fold, respectively. These results also provide preliminary data for the development of E. koreanum Nakai as an edible food material.
Keywords
Epimedium koreanum Nakai; icariin; DPPH; Ames test; MTT assay;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 11  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Gruter A, Friederich V, Wurgler FE. 1990. Antimutagenic effects of mushrooms. Mutat Res 231: 243-249.   DOI
2 Lee JH. 1989. Studies on the demutagenic effect of the edible mountain herb juices. MS Thesis. Kangwon National University, Gangwon, Korea.
3 Ito Y, Maeda S, Sugiyama T. 1986. Suppression of 7,12-dimethylbenzo(a)anthracene-induced chromosome aberrations in rat bone marrow cells by vegetable juices. Mutat Res 172: 55-60.   DOI
4 Han KS, Ham SS, Jeong EH, Lee HK. 1992. Antimutagenic effects of the edible mountain herb juices against Trp-P-1 and 2-AF. Kor J Food Hyg 7: 161-168.   과학기술학회마을
5 Kang CS, Choi BR, Park KY, Ahn SD. 1997. Establishment of growth environment and mass propagation system development for Epimedium Koreanum. Kor J Pharmacogn 30: 378-381.
6 Lee KS, Oh CS, Lee KY. 2005. Antioxidative effect of the fraction extracted from a cactus Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa). Korean J Food Sci Technol 37: 474-478.
7 Blois MS. 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181: 1198-1200.
8 Matsushima T, Sugimura T, Nagao M, Yahagi T, Shirai A, Sawamura M. 1980. Factors modulating mutagenicity in microbial test. In Short-terms for detecting carcinogens. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, NY, USA. p 273-285.
9 Alley MC, Scudiero DA, Monks A, Hursey ML, Czerwinski MJ, Fine DL, Abbortt BJ, Mayo JG, Shoemarker RH, Boyd MR. 1988. Feasibility of drug screening with panels of human tumor cell line using a microculture tetrazolium assay. Cancer Res 48: 589-601.
10 Shin KH, Kang SS, Chung SG, Cho EH. 1989. Determination of icariin in Epimedii herba by high performance liquid chromatography. Kor J Pharmacogn 20: 21-24.   과학기술학회마을
11 Kim SY, Kim JH, Kim SK. 1992. Isolation and characterization of antioxidant components in Epimedium koreanum Nakai extract. Korean J Food Sci Technol 24: 535-540.   과학기술학회마을
12 Iinuma M, Tanaka T, Sakakibara N, Mizuno M, Matsda H, Shiomoto H, Kubo M. 1990. Phagocytic activity of leaves of system. Yakugaku Zasshi 110: 179-185.
13 Liu FC, Liu JX, Ding GX, Zhang JY, Zhoy SH, Guo F, Wu TC, Hu TH. 1985. Correction between trace elements and immunological function in patients with vital energy deficiency. J Trad Chin Med 26: 856-857.
14 Kim SJ, Oh DH. 2007. Free radical scavenging effect and extraction condition of ethanol extracts of Epimedium koreanum Nakai containing different icariin quantity. J Food Hyg Safety 22: 359-364.
15 Fukai T, Nomura T. 1988. Seven prenylated flavonol glycosides from two epimedium species. Phytochemistry 27: 259-266.   DOI
16 Kang SS, Kim JS, Kang YJ, Han HK. 1990. Studies on the underground parts of Epimedium koreanum. Kor J Pharmacogn 21: 56-59.   과학기술학회마을
17 Kang SS, Shin KH, Chung SG, Cho EH. 1998. Flavonoids from Epimedium koreanum. Kor J Pharmacogn 19: 93-98.   과학기술학회마을
18 Xu SC, Xu BJ, Wang MT. 1987. Isolation and identification of icariin and icariside I. Chin Pharm Bull 22: 129-132.
19 Mizuno M, Hanioka S, Suzuki N, Iinuma M, Tanaka T, Liu XS, Min ZD. 1987. Flavonol glycosides from epimedium sagittatum. Phytochemistry 226: 861-863.
20 Sun P, Zhao Ye W, Pei J, Wang Z, Chen Y, Ogihara Y, Takeda T. 1995. Studies on the constituents of Epimedium koreanum. Chem Pharm Bull 43: 703-704.   DOI
21 Kang SS, Shin KH, Chung SG, Cho EH. 1988. Flavonoids from Epimedium koreanum. Kor J Pharmacogn 21: 93-96.   과학기술학회마을
22 Lee MK, Choi YJ, Sung SH, Shin DI, Kim JW, Kim YC. 1995. Antihepatotoxic activity of icariin, a major constituent of Epimedium koreanum. Planta Med 61: 523-526.   DOI
23 Xu SC, Wang ZX, Wu LJ, Wang NB, Chen YJ. 1982. Isolation and identification do icariin and epimedoside A. Chin Tard Herb Drug 13: 9-15.
24 Hong H. 1986. Oriental materia medica. Oriental Healing Arts Institute, Taipei, Taiwan. p 563.
25 Lee MK, Choi YJ, Sung SH, Shin DI, Kim JW, Kim YC. 1995. Antihepatotoxic activity of icariin, a major constituent of Epimedium koreanum. Plant Med 61: 523-526.   DOI
26 Han YH, Choi BR, Soh HS, Lee SJ, Choi YJ, Kim SY. 2000. In vitro plant regeneration for mass propagation of Epimedium koreanum Nakai. Kor J Hort Sci Technol 18: 834-838.
27 Lee YG, Sohn HO, Lee DW, Lim HB. 2002. The effect of water-extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai on age-related change of the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme system in the liver of rats. Kor J Medicinal Crop Sci 10: 29-36.
28 Noh JH, Kim YJ, Choi KJ, Kim SW, Kim SK, Kim JH. 2003. Characteristics of seeding and rhizome propagation in Epimedium koreanum Nakai. Kor J Medicinal Crop Sci 11: 155-160.
29 Shin KH, Lim SS, Ahn SD, Kim SK, Park KY. 1996. Difference in components of Epimedium koreanum in compliance with seasons and places of collection. Kor J Medicinal Crop Sci 4: 321-328.   과학기술학회마을