Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.5.569

A Study on the Amendment Scheme of Nutrient Standard Regulations for Infant Formula in Korea  

Om, Ae-Son (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
Lee, Heon-Ok (F/C Support Team, Pulmuone Health & Living Co. Ltd.)
Moon, Ji-Hea (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
Shim, Jae-Young (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
Kim, In-Hye (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
Won, Sun-Im (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University)
Rha, Young-Ah (Dept. of Food Services and Management, Eulgi University)
Choi, Yun-Ju (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Bureau for Risk Management, Korea Food & Drug Administration)
Lee, Hye-Young (Nutritional Evaluation Team, Nutrition & Functional Food Headquaters, Korea Food & Drug Administration)
Park, Hye-Kyung (Nutritional Evaluation Team, Nutrition & Functional Food Headquaters, Korea Food & Drug Administration)
Kim, Myung-Chul (Nutrition & Functional Food Headquaters, Korea Food & Drug Administration)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.36, no.5, 2007 , pp. 569-577 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to propose some amendments on nutrient standard regulations of infant formula in Korea. For this purpose, we compared and analyzed the nutrient regulations of Korea, CODEX, U.S.A, Japan, EU, Australia and New Zealand. Some developing aspects of Korea's nutrient standard regulations for infant formula need to be examined as follows: firstly, both milk-based formula and soy-based formula standards would be unified into an infant formula, and the user of infant formula would be categorized for babies less than 6 month old. Secondly, nitrogen conversion factor of milk protein in the infant formula would be 6.38, which is the same as that of CODEX Revised Standard. Protein quantities could be differentiated by protein sources, and essential amino acids in human milk would be standardized according to protein contents. Thirdly, $\alpha$-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as essential fatty acids and trans fatty acid would be standardized in terms of the contents. Fourthly, it is recommended that the unit of vitamins and minerals would be changed from g/100 g to g/100 kcal, and individual vitamins and mineral would have their maximum values. Finally, 5 nucleotides (cytidine, uridine, adenosine, guanosine, inosine 5'-monophosphate) and fluoride would be required for the strengthening the immunity and the development of teeth, respectively. In conclusion, the scientific studies on amendment scheme of nutrient standard regulations of infant formula is very important to fortify nutritional completeness for Korean infants and young children.
Keywords
infant formula; nutrient standard regulations; CODEX; protein; fat;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 9  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
1 Park YH. 1998. The fundamental studies of heat treatment class in domestic infant formula. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 27: 495-500   과학기술학회마을
2 Park SW, Lee DS, Son SW, Kim JH, Jo NI, Kim OK. 2001. Simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in infant dried milk formulations by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detector. Kor J Vet Publ Hlth 25: 41-46
3 Kim DY, Kim BH, Choi HM. 1996. Study on the establishment of nutrient requirements for infant formula. Kor J Community Nutr 1: 28-40   과학기술학회마을
4 Noh KH, Won MS, Song YS. 2003. Trans fatty acid isomers of processed foods commonly consumed in Korea. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 32: 325-337   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Choi HM, Kim JH, Jang GJ, Min HS, Im KS, Byun GW, Lee HM, Kim KW, Kim HS, Kim HA. 2003. Essentials of Nutrition. Kyomunsa, Seoul, Korea. p 243-247
6 Aggett P, Leach JL, Rueda R, MacLean WC. 2003. Innovation in infant formula development: A reassessment of ribonucleotides in 2002. Nutr 19: 375-384   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Cheon SL, Lee PK. 1986. Recent study about infant formula. Kor Dairy Technol 4: 61-78
8 Lee SI, Choi HM. 2002. Nutrition for infants and children. Kyomunsa, Seoul, Korea. p 7, 65-68, 94, 132, 159-188
9 Yu V. 2002. Scientific rationale and benefits of nucleotide supplementation of infant formula. J Paediatr Child Health 38: 543-549   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Kim HS. 2003. Meal solution for infants and toddlers: cookwise approach. Korean J Sci Food Cookery Sci 19: 110-121   과학기술학회마을
11 Bosscher D, Deelstra H. 2002. Recent advances in the development of infant formulas: Mimicking the effects of breast feeding. Nutr 18: 522-523   DOI   ScienceOn
12 KFDA. 2006. Korea Food Code. Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea
13 KFDA. 2006. Korea Food Additives Code. Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul, Korea
14 Park YH, Hong YH. 1991. Comparison of the heat treatment intensity in infant formulae. Kor J Food Sci Technol 23: 627-632   과학기술학회마을
15 Lim HS, Huh YR. 1994. Lipid and fatty acid composition of Korean breast milk and infant formula. Kor J Nutr 27: 563-573   과학기술학회마을
16 Yoo MK, Kim SS, Oh SS. 2005. Isolation and genotyping of Enterobacter Sakazakii from powdered infant formula manufactured in Korea. Food Sci Biotechnol 14: 875-877   과학기술학회마을
17 Kwak BM, Lee KW, Ahn JH, Kong UY. 2004. Simultaneous determination of vitamin A and E in infant formula by rapid extraction and HPLC with photodiode array detection. Kor J Food Sci Technol 36: 189-195   과학기술학회마을
18 Jun JY, Kwak BM, Ahn JH, Kong UY. 2004. Quantifying uncertainty of calcium determination in infant formula by AAS and ICP-AES. Kor J Food Sci Technol 36: 701-710   과학기술학회마을
19 Jung MK, Park JH. 2006. Prevalence and thermal stability of Enterobacter sakazakii from unprocessed ready-to-eat agricultural products and powdered infant formulas. Food Sci Biotechnol 15: 152-157   과학기술학회마을
20 Choi SH, Lee SB, Choi JW. 2005. Microbiological safety of infant formula and baby food. J Kor Dairy Technol Sci 23: 65-71   과학기술학회마을
21 Han JE, Hong YH. 2001. Chemical quality evaluation of commercial infant formulas. Kor J Food Sci Ani Resour 21: 56-63   과학기술학회마을
22 Kim DY, Kim KH, Choi HM. 1997. Study on the establishment of nutrient requirements for commercial supplementary foods for infants and young children. Kor J Community Nutr 2: 624-632   과학기술학회마을
23 FDA. 1996. 21 CFR Parts 106 and 107 current good manufacturing practice, quality control procedures, quality factors, notification requirements, and records and reports, for the production of infant formula; Proposed rule
24 Kwon KS, Oh MH, Kang YS. 2006. Risk assessment and prevention of pathogenic microorganisms in powdered infant formula. Food Sci & Ind 39: 24-29
25 CODEX. 1981. CODEX Standard for infant formula. CODEX STAN 72-1981. CODEX Alimentarius Commission
26 CODEX. 2006. Draft revised standard for infant formula and formulas for special medical purpose intended for infants. In Codex 30th Session, ALINORM 07/30/26. CODEX Alimentarius Commission. ChiagMai, Thailand. p 46-63
27 Lee JY, Bae HC. 2002. The changes on total bacterial counts and coliform counts of human milk vs formula milk stored under cold and room temperature conditions. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 31: 433-437   DOI   ScienceOn
28 FDA. 21 CFR Part 107 - Infant formula. Available from: http://www.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/cfrassemble.cgi?title= 200121 Accessed date Nov. 9, 2006
29 EU. 1991. Commission Directive 91/321/EEC on infant formulae and follow-on formulae. European Commission. Brussel, Belgium
30 FDA. 21 CFR Part 106 - Infant formula quality control procedures. Available from: http://www.access.gpo.gov/ cgi-bin/cfrassemble.cgi?title=200121 Accessed date Nov. 9, 2006
31 EU. 2003. Commission Directive 2003/14/EC on infant formulae and follow-on formulae. European Commission. Brussel, Belgium
32 Australia New Zealand. Standard 1.6.1 Microbiological limits for food. Available from: http://www.foodstandards.gov. au/thecode/foodstandardscode.cfm Accessed date Nov. 9, 2006
33 Kim SH, Noh KH, Moon JW, Song YS. 2001. Trans fatty acids effects in human. Food Ind & Nutr 6: 45-52
34 EU. 1996. Commission Directive 96/4/EC on infant formulae and follow-on formulae. European Commission. Brussel, Belgium
35 EU. 1999. Commission Directive 1999/50/EC on infant formulae and follow-on formulae. European Commission. Brussel, Belgium
36 Australia New Zealand. Standard 1.3.1 Food additive. Available from: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/thecode/foodstandardscode.cfm Accessed date Nov. 9, 2006
37 Australia New Zealand. Standard 2.9.1 Infant formula products. Available from: http://www.foodstandards.gov. au/thecode/foodstandardscode.cfm Accessed date Nov. 9, 2006
38 健康增進法. 2003. 厚生勞動性. 日本
39 Pastor N, Soler B, Mitmesser SH, Ferguson P, Lifschitz C. 2006. Infants fed docosahexaenoic acid- and arachidonic acid-supplemented formula have decreased incidence of brohchiolitis/bronchitis the first year of life. Clin Pediatr 45: 850-855   DOI
40 Jørgensen MH, Holmer G, Lund P, Hernell O, Michaelsen KF. 1998. Effect of formula supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid and ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid on fatty acid status and visual acuity in term infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 26: 412-421   DOI   ScienceOn
41 乳児用調製粉乳の表示許可の取扱いについて. Japan. Available from: www.fukushihoken.metro.tokyo.jp/anzen////hoei/ image/tokuyounyuuji.pdf Accessed date Nov. 9, 2006