Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2017.32.1.8

New Tool to Simulate Microbial Contamination of on-Farm Produce: Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation  

Han, Sanghyun (Microbial Safety Team, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA))
Lee, Ki-Hoon (Microbial Safety Team, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA))
Yang, Seong-Gyu (Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University)
Kim, Hwang-Yong (Technology Cooperation Bureau, RDA)
Kim, Hyun-Ju (Microbial Safety Team, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA))
Ryu, Jae-Gee (Microbial Safety Team, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA))
Publication Information
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety / v.32, no.1, 2017 , pp. 8-13 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop an agent-based computing platform enabling simulation of on-farm produce contamination by enteric foodborne pathogens, which is herein called PPMCS (Preharvest Produce Microbial Contamination Simulator). Also, fecal contamination of preharvest produce was simulated using PPMCS. Although Agent-based Modeling and Simulation, the tool applied in this study, is rather popular in where socio-economical human behaviors or ecological fate of animals in their niche are to be predicted, the incidence of on-farm produce contamination which are thought to be sporadic has never been simulated using this tool. The agents in PPMCS including crop, animal as a source of fecal contamination, and fly as a vector spreading the fecal contamination are given their intrinsic behaviors that are set to be executed at certain probability. Once all these agents are on-set following the intrinsic behavioral rules, consequences as the sum of all the behaviors in the system can be monitored real-time. When fecal contamination of preharvest produce was simulated in PPMCS as numbers of animals, flies, and initially contaminated plants change, the number of animals intruding cropping area affected most on the number of contaminated plants at harvest. For further application, the behaviors and variables of the agents are adjustable depending on user's own scenario of interest. This feature allows PPMCS to be utilized in where different simulating conditions are tested.
Keywords
on-farm produce safety; agent; modeling; simulation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.: Multistate outbreaks of Salmonella serotype Poona infections associated with eating cantaloupe from Mexico-United States and Canada, 2000-2002. MMWR, 51, 1044-1047 (2002).
2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.: Multistate outbreaks of Salmonella infections associated with raw tomatoes eaten in restaurants-United States, 2005-2006. MMWR, 56, 909-911 (2007).
3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.: Multistate outbreak of listeriosis associated with Jensen Farms cantaloupe--United States, August-September 2011. MMWR, 60, 1357-1358 (2011).
4 Grad, Y.H., Lipsitch, M., Feldgarden, M., Arachchi, H.M., Cerqueira, G.C., FitzGerald, M., Godfrey, P., Hass, B.J., Murphy, C.I., Russ, C., Sykes, S., Walker, B.J., Wortman, J.R., Young, S., Zeng, Q., Abouelleil, A., Bochicchio, J., Chauvin, S., DeSment, T., Gujja, S., McCowan, C., Montmayeur, A., Steelman, S., Frimodt-Moller., Petersen, A.M., Struve, C., Krogfelt, K.A., Bingen, E., Weill, F.X., Lander, E.S., Nusbaum, C., Birren, B.W., Hung, D.T., Hanage, W.P.: Genomic epidemiology of the Escherichia coli O104: H4 outbreaks in Europe, 2011. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 109, 3065-3070 (2012).   DOI
5 Greene, S.K., Daly, E.R., Talbot, E.A., Demma, L.J., Holzbauer, S., Patel, N.J., Hill, T.A., Walderhaug, M.O., Hoekstra, R.M., Lynch, M.F., Painter, J.A.: Recurrent multistate outbreak of Salmonella Newport associated with tomatoes from contaminated fields, 2005. Epidemiol. Infect., 136, 157-165 (2008).
6 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.: Ongoing multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli serotype O157: H7 infections associated with consumption of fresh spinach-United States, September 2006. MMWR, 55, (2006).
7 Barak, J.D., Schroeder, B.K.: Interrelationships of food safety and plant pathology: the life cycle of human pathogens on plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol., 50, 241-266 (2012).   DOI
8 Berger, C.N., Sodha, S.V., Shaw, R.K., Griffin, P.M., Pink, D., Hand, P., Frankel, G.: Fresh fruit and vegetables as vehicles for the transmission of human pathogens. Environ. Microbiol., 12, 2385-2397 (2010).   DOI
9 Teplitski, M., Barak, J.D., Schneider, K.R.: Human enteric pathogens in produce: un-answered ecological questions with direct implications for food safety. Curr. Opin, Biotechnol., 20, 166-171 (2009).   DOI
10 Brandl, M.T.: Fitness of human enteric pathogens on plants and implications for food safety 1. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol., 44, 367-392 (2006).   DOI
11 Micallef, S.A., Goldstein, R.E.R., George, A., Kleinfelter, L., Boyer, M.S., McLaughlin, C.R., Estrin, A., Ewing, L., Beaubrum, J.J.G., Hanes, D.E., Kothary, M.H., Tall, B.D., Razeq, J.H., Joseph, S.W., Sapkota, A.R.: Occurrence and antibiotic resistance of multiple Salmonella serotypes recovered from water, sediment and soil on mid-Atlantic tomato farms. Environ. Res., 114, 31-39 (2012).   DOI
12 Gorski, L., Parker, C.T., Liang, A., Cooley, M.B., Jay-Russell, M.T., Gordus, A.G., Atwill, E.R., Mandrell, R.E.: Prevalence, distribution, and diversity of Salmonella enterica in a major produce region of California. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 77, 2734-2748 (2011).   DOI
13 Johnston, L.M., Jaykus, L.A., Moll, D., Martinez, M.C., Anciso, J., Mora, B., Moe, C.L.: A field study of the microbiological quality of fresh produce. J. Food Prot., 68, 1840-1847 (2005).   DOI
14 Kim, W.I., Jo, A.R., Lee, J.H., Kim, S.R., Park, K.H., Nam, K.W., Yoon, Y., Yoon, D.H., Oh, S.Y., Lee, M.H., Ryu, J.G., Kim, H.Y.: Survey of microbial contamination of tomatoes at farms in Korea. J. Food Hyg. Saf., 28, 324-329 (2013).   DOI
15 Mukherjee, A., Speh, D., Dyck, E., Diez-Gonzalez, F.: Preharvest evaluation of coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in organic and conventional produce grown by Minnesota farmers. J. Food Prot., 67, 894-900 (2004).   DOI
16 Ryu, S., Choi, B.: Development of epidemic model using the stochastic method. J. Korean Data Inf. Sci. Soc., 26, 301-312 (2015).
17 Bousquet, F., Le Page, C.: Multi-agent simulations and ecosystem management: a review. Ecol. Model., 176, 313-332 (2004).   DOI
18 Cho, S.J., Na, Y.G., Lee, J.Y., Joh, C.H.: Analysis of the Ecological Impact of Climate Change using ABMS: A Case Study of Polar Bears and Glacier. J. Korean Geogr. Soc., 46, 291-303 (2011).
19 Bonabeau, E.: Agent-based modeling: Methods and techniques for simulating human systems. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99, 7280-7287 (2002).   DOI
20 Hwang, J., Oh, C.: A study on the spread of the foot-andmouth disease in Korea in 2010/2011. J. Korean Data Inf. Sci. Soc., 25, 271-280 (2014).
21 Kim, D.: A study on the strength and limitation of agent based urban models. The Korea Spatial Planning Rev., 75, 69-85 (2012).   DOI
22 Park, S., An, Y.S., Shin, Y., Lee, S., Sim, W., Moon, J., Jeong, G.Y., Kim, I., Shin, H., Huh, D., Sung, J., Park, C.R.: A Multiagent System to Assess Land-use and Cover Changes Caused by Forest Management Policy Scenarios. J. Korean Geogr. Soc., 50, 255-276 (2015).
23 Wilensky, U., Evanston, I.: NetLogo: Center for connected learning and computer-based modeling. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 49-52 (1999).