Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2016.31.4.272

Monitoring of Antimicrobial and Preservatives in Dentifrice  

Lee, Seong-Bong (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Kim, Beom-Ho (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Jung, Hong-Rae (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Lee, So-Hyun (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Kwon, Hye-Jung (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Bae, Ho-Jeong (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Yoon, Mi-Hye (Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
Publication Information
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety / v.31, no.4, 2016 , pp. 272-277 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate present status of use about antimicrobial agent (triclosan, ethanol) and preservatives (sodium benzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, propyl p-hydroxybenzoate) in dentifrice. 75 samples including 16 mouthwashes were analyzed in this study. Contents of triclosan and preservatives were analyzed using by HPLC and ethanol was analyzed by headspace-GC. Preservatives were detected from total 37 samples, which are suitable for the legal limits in Korea. Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate was detected from 26 samples (0.003~0.19%), propyl p-hydroxybenzoate was detected from 11 samples (0.002~0.02%) and sodium benzoate was detected from 14 samples (0.1~0.3%), respectively. Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate was detected from 6 samples (0.03~0.19%), propyl p-hydroxybenzoate was detected from 1 samples (0.01%) and sodium benzoate was detected form 5 samples (0.1~0.2%) in 20 dentifrice for children. Triclosan was not detected from 75 samples. Ethanol was detected from 16 samples (4.9~21.9%) in 19 samples; among them three samples showed the higher contents (20.5~21.9%) but ethanol contents was not labeled in these samples.
Keywords
dentifrice; preservatives; triclosan; ethanol;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Euromonitor: Oral Hygiene-Cosmetics and Toiletries in South Korea, pp. 1-11 (2004).
2 Park J.H.: The effect of the flouride dentifrice in dental caries. Unpublished master's thesis, Chonnam National University, Gwangju (2010).
3 Jang J.H., Park Y.D., Ryu D.Y.: The effect of garlic extract on antibacterial activity of periopathogens. J. Korean Soc. Dent. Hyg., 12(3), 631-640 (2012).   DOI
4 Nam S.H., Choi J.O.: Efficacy and Evaluation of Tooth Stain with Various pH Beverages Following Whitening Dentifrice. J. Dent. Hyg. Sci., 13(2), 191-196 (2013).
5 Ahn J.H., Kim J.H., Kim, J.H.: Tooth whitening maintence efficacy of dentifrices containing several active ingredients in vitro and in vivo. J. Korean Acad. Oral. Health, 15(2), 325-332 (2015).
6 Ko H.Y., Kang S.M., Kwon H.K., Kim B.I.: Evaluation of fluoride bioavailability in toothpastes. J. Korean Soc. Dent. Hyg., 39(2), 81-87 (2015).
7 Kim B.R., Ko H.Y., Han S.Y., Kim H.E., Jung E.H., You AR., Ha W.H., Kwon H.K., Kim B.I.: Efficacy of dentifrices containing policresulen in controlling dental plaque and gingivitis formation. J. Korean Acad. Oral. Health, 39(4), 267-272 (2015).   DOI
8 Golden, R., Gandy, J. and Vollmer, G.: A review of the endocrine activity of parabens and implications for potential risks to human health. Crit. Rev Toxicol., 35, 435-458 (2005).   DOI
9 Frederiksen, H., Taxvig, C., Hass, U., Vinggaard, A.M. and Nellemann, C.: Higher levels of ethyl paraben and butyl paraben in rat amniotic fluid than in maternal plasma after subcutaneous administration. Toxicol. Sci., 106, 376-383 (2008).   DOI
10 Mizuno, H., Hirai, H., Kawai, S. and Nishida, T.: Removal of estrogenic acitivity of iso-butylparaben and n-butylparaben by laccase in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotri- azole. Biodegradation, 20, 533-539 (2009).   DOI
11 Sabalitxchka, T. and Neufeld Crzelliter, R.: Behavior of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in human body. Arzneimittel-Forsch, 4, 575-579 (1954).
12 Harvey, P.W. and Darbre, P.: Endocrine Disrupters and Human Health: Could oestrogenic chemicals in body care cosmetics adversely affect breast cancer incidence in women?. J. Appl. Toxicol., 24, 167-176 (2004).   DOI
13 Darbre, P.D. and Harvey, P.W.: Paraben esters: review of recent studies of endocrine toxicity, absorption, esterase and human exposure, and discussion of potential human health risks. J. Appl. Toxicol., 28, 561-567 (2008).   DOI
14 Tavares, R.S., Martins, F.C., Oliveira, P.J., Ramalho-Santos, J. and Peixoto, F.P.: Parabens in male infertility - Is there a mitochondrial connection?. Reprod. Toxicol., 27, 1-7 (2009).   DOI
15 Darbre, P.D., Byford, J.R., Shaw, L.E., Horton, R.A., Pope, G.S. and Sauer, M.J.: Oestrogenic activity of isobutylparaben in vitro and in vivo. J. Appl. Toxicol., 28, 561-567 (2002).
16 Oishi, S.: Effects of butylparaben on the male reproductive system in rat. Toxicol. Ind. Health, 17, 31-39 (2001).   DOI
17 Thompson, A., Griffin, P., Stuetz, R. and Cartmell, E.: The fate and removal of triclosan during wastewater treatment. Water Environ. Res., 77, 63-7 (2005).   DOI
18 Lim H.D.: Risk Assessment for Toothpaste Product containing Triclosan. Unpublished master's thesis, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju (2015).
19 Kim S.H.: Effect of triclosan on the proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells and breast cancer suppressive mechanism of kaempferol. Unpublished master's thesis, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju (2015).
20 Nik, v., Rachel, C.S., Heather, O., Heidi, W., David, J.C., Mark, P.G., Graham, V.A. and Caren, C.H.: The bactericidal agent triclosan modulates thyroid hormone-associated gene expression and disrupts postembryonic anuran development. Aquat. Toxicol., 80(3), 217-227 (2006).   DOI
21 Ministry of Food and Drug Safety : Regulations on the Approval, Notification, and Evaluation of Quasi-Drugs, MFDS Notice No. 2015-69 (2015).