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http://dx.doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2021.53.6.722

Immunostimulatory activity and intracellular signaling pathways of a rhamnogalcaturonan II polysaccharide isolated from ginseng berry  

Cha, Ha Young (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University)
Son, Seung-U (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University)
Shin, Kwang-Soon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.53, no.6, 2021 , pp. 722-730 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways for macrophage activation by the polysaccharide GBW-II purified from ginseng berry. GBW-II consists of 14 different sugars, including rarely observed sugars such as 2-O-methyl-xylose, apiose, aceric acid, 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid, and 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid, which are typical RG-II component sugars. GBW-II enhanced the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells. In experiments evaluating specific inhibitor activity, it was found that the production of IL-6 was suppressed by inhibitors of SB, PD, and BAY, and the production of TNF-α was suppressed by PD and BAY. The experiments with neutralizing antibodies showed that TLR4 was involved in the stimulation of IL-6 production by GBW-II in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas TNF-α production was regulated through SR and TLR2. These results suggest that GBW-II activates the MAPK and NF-κB pathways via several macrophage receptors, including SR, TLR2, and TLR4, and subsequently induces the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α.
Keywords
ginseng berry; rhamnogalacturonan II; macrophage; signaling pathway;
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