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http://dx.doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2019.51.2.160

Double-processed ginseng berry extracts enhance learning and memory in an Aβ42-induced Alzheimer's mouse model  

Jang, Su Kil (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Ahn, Jeong Won (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Jo, Boram (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Kim, Hyun Soo (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Kim, Seo Jin (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Sung, Eun Ah (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Lee, Do Ik (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Park, Hee Yong (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Jin, Duk Hee (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Joo, Seong Soo (College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.51, no.2, 2019 , pp. 160-168 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether double-processed ginseng berry extract (PGBC) could improve learning and memory in an $A\hat{a}42$-induced Alzheimer's mouse model. Passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water-maze test (MWMT) were performed after mice were treated with PGBC, followed by acetylcholine (ACh) measurement and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) detection for brain damage. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression were analyzed using Ellman's and qPCR assays, respectively. Results demonstrated that PGBC contained a high amount of ginsenosides (Re, Rd, and Rg3), which are responsible for the clearance of $A{\hat{a}} 42$. They also helped to significantly improve PAT and MWMT performance in the $A{\hat{a}} 42-induced$ Alzheimer's mouse model when compared to the normal group. Interestingly, ACh and ChAT were remarkably upregulated and AChE activities were significantly inhibited, suggesting PGBC to be a palliative adjuvant for treating Alzheimer's disease. Altogether, PGBC was found to play a positive role in improving cognitive abilities. Thus, it could be a new alternative solution for alleviating Alzheimer's disease symptoms.
Keywords
processed ginseng berry extract; passive avoidance test; Morris water-maze test; acetylcholine; choline acetyltransferase;
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