Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2016.48.4.341

Effect of chloride ions on the catalytic properties of human pancreatic α-amylase isozyme produced in Pichia pastoris  

Kim, Min-Gyu (Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Kim, Young-Wan (Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.48, no.4, 2016 , pp. 341-346 More about this Journal
Abstract
The AMY2B gene, encoding human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase isozyme (HPA II), was expressed in Pichia pastoris, and the effects of chloride ions on HPA II activity toward starch substrates were investigated. As seen with chloride ion-dependent ${\alpha}$-amylases-including HPA I, the isozyme of HPA II-chloride ions increased enzyme activity and shifted the optimal pH to an alkaline pH. The activity enhancement by chloride was more significant at pH 8 than that at pH 6, suggesting that the protonation state of the general acid/base catalyst of HPA II was important for the hydrolysis of starches at an alkaline pH because of the increase in its $pK_a$ by chloride ions. The turnover values for cereal starches as the substrates markedly increased in the presence of chloride by up to 7.2-fold, whereas that for soluble starch increased by only 1.7-fold. Chloride inhibited substrate hydrolysis at high substrate concentrations, with $K_i$ values ranging from 6 to 15 mg/mL.
Keywords
human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase; isozyme; chloride ion; kinetics; substrate inhibition;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Jenkins DJ, Taylor RH, Goff DV, Fielden H, Misiewicz JJ, Sarson DL, Bloom SR, Alberti KG. Scope and specificity of acarbose in slowing carbohydrate absorption in man. Diabetes 30: 951-954 (1981)   DOI
2 Rachmani R, Bar-Dayan Y, Ronen Z, Levi Z, Slavachevsky I, Ravid M. The effect of acarbose on insulin resistance in obese hypertensive subjects with normal glucose tolerance: a randomized controlled study. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 6: 63-68 (2004)   DOI
3 Tarling CA, Woods K, Zhang R, Brastianos HC, Brayer GD, Andersen RJ, Withers SG. The search for novel human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitors: High-throughput screening of terrestrial and marine natural product extracts. Chembiochem 9: 433-438 (2008)   DOI
4 Lee BH, Yan L, Phillips RJ, Reuhs BL, Jones K, Rose DR, Nichols BL, Quezada-Calvillo R, Yoo SH, Hamaker BR. Enzyme-synthesized highly branched maltodextrins have slow glucose generation at the mucosal ${\alpha}$-glucosidase level and are slowly digestible in vivo. PLoS One 8: e59745 (2013)   DOI
5 Maurus R, Begum A, Kuo HH, Racaza A, Numao S, Andersen C, Tams JW, Vind J, Overall CM, Withers SG, Brayer GD. Structural and mechanistic studies of chloride induced activation of human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase. Protein Sci. 14: 743-755 (2005)   DOI
6 Rydberg EH, Li C, Maurus R, Overall CM, Brayer GD, Withers SG. Mechanistic analyses of catalysis in human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase: Detailed kinetic and structural studies of mutants of three conserved carboxylic acids. Biochemistry 41: 4492-4502 (2002)   DOI
7 Numao S, Maurus R, Sidhu G, Wang Y, Overall CM, Brayer GD, Withers SG. Probing the role of the chloride ion in the mechanism of human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase. Biochemistry 41: 215-225 (2002)   DOI
8 Maurus R, Begum A, Williams LK, Fredriksen JR, Zhang R, Withers SG, Brayer GD. Alternative catalytic anions differentially modulate human ${\alpha}$-amylase activity and specificity. Biochemistry 47: 3332-3344 (2008)   DOI
9 Zechel DL, Withers SG. Dissection of nucleophilic and acid-base catalysis in glycosidases. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 5: 643-649 (2001)   DOI
10 Vocadlo DJ, Davies GJ, Laine R, Withers SG. Catalysis by hen egg-white lysozyme proceeds via a covalent intermediate. Nature 412: 835-838 (2001)   DOI
11 Aghajari N, Feller G, Gerday C, Haser R. Structural basis of ${\alpha}$-amylase activation by chloride. Protein Sci. 11: 1435-1441 (2002)   DOI
12 Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N, Nishide T, Ogawa M, Mori T, Matsubara K. Primary structure of human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase gene; Its comparison with human salivary ${\alpha}$-amylase gene. Gene 60: 57-64 (1987)   DOI
13 D'Amico S, Gerday C, Feller G. Structural similarities and evolutionary relationships in chloride-dependent ${\alpha}$-amylases. Gene 253: 95-105 (2000)   DOI
14 Cipolla A, Delbrassine F, Da Lage JL, Feller G. Temperature adaptations in psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic chloride-dependent ${\alpha}$-amylases. Biochimie 94: 1943-1950 (2012)   DOI
15 Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M, Yamamoto T, Ogawa M, Mori T, Matsubara K. Primary structure of human salivary ${\alpha}$-amylase gene. Gene 41: 299-304 (1986)   DOI
16 Tomita N, Horii A, Doi S, Yokouchi H, Shiosaki K, Higashiyama M, Matsuura N, Ogawa M, Mori T, Matsubara K. A novel type of human ${\alpha}$-amylase produced in lung carcinoid tumor. Gene 76: 11-18 (1989)   DOI
17 Ferey-Roux G, Perrier J, Forest E, Marchis-Mouren G, Puigserver A, Santimone M. The human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase isoforms: isolation, structural studies and kinetics of inhibition by acarbose. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1388: 10-20 (1998)   DOI
18 Shiosaki K, Takata K, Omichi K, Tomita N, Horii A, Ogawa M, Matsubara K. Identification of a novel ${\alpha}$-amylase by expression of a newly cloned human amy3 cDNA in yeast. Gene 89: 253-258 (1990)   DOI
19 Lin-Cereghino J, Wong WW, Xiong S, Giang W, Luong LT, Vu J, Johnson SD, Lin-Cereghino GP. Condensed protocol for competent cell preparation and transformation of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Biotechniques 38: 44-48 (2005)   DOI
20 Lee JI, Kim YW. Characterization of amine oxidases from Arthrobacter aurescens and application for determination of biogenic amines. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 29: 673-682 (2013)   DOI
21 Fox JD, Robyt JF. Miniaturization of three carbohydrate analyses using a microsample plate reader. Anal. Biochem. 195: 93-96 (1991)   DOI
22 Haldane JBS. Enzymes. Longmans, Green and Co., London, England (1930)
23 Feller G, Bussy O, Houssier C, Gerday C. Structural and functional aspects of chloride binding to Alteromonas haloplanctis ${\alpha}$-amylase. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 23836-23841 (1996)   DOI
24 Declerck N, Machius M, Wiegand G, Huber R, Gaillardin C. Probing structural determinants specifying high thermostability in Bacillus licheniformis ${\alpha}$-amylase. J. Mol. Biol. 301: 1041-1057 (2000)   DOI
25 Machius M, Declerck N, Huber R, Wiegand G. Activation of Bacillus licheniformis ${\alpha}$-amylase through a disorder${\rightarrow}$order transition of the substrate-binding site mediated by a calcium-sodiumcalcium metal triad. Structure 6: 281-292 (1998)   DOI
26 Brayer GD, Luo Y, Withers SG. The structure of human pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase at 1.8 A resolution and comparisons with related enzymes. Protein Sci. 4: 1730-1742 (1995)   DOI
27 Reed MC, Lieb A, Nijhout HF. The biological significance of substrate inhibition: A mechanism with diverse functions. Bioessays 32: 422-429 (2010)   DOI