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Optimization of Interesterification Reaction for the Continuous Production of trans-Free Fat in a Packed Bed Enzyme Bioreactor with Immobilized Lipase  

Kim, Sang-Woo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Technology)
Park, Kyung-Min (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Technology)
Ha, Jae-Uk (Nutrition and Functional Food Policy Division, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Lee, Jae-Hwan (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Technology)
Chang, Pahn-Shick (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Technology)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.41, no.2, 2009 , pp. 173-178 More about this Journal
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showed that high trans-fat consumption is closely associated with getting the risks of cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to produce trans-free fat through lipase-catalyzed interesterification, as a substitute for the cream margarine commonly used in industry. Optimum conditions for interesterification in a packed bed enzyme bioreactor (PBEB) were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design. Three kinds of reaction variables were chosen, such as substrate flow rate (0.4-1.2 mL/min), reaction temperature (60-70$^{\circ}C$), and ratio of fully hydrogenated canola oil (FHCO, 35-45%) to evaluate their effects on the degree of interesterification. Optimum conditions from the standpoint of solid fat content (SFC) were found to be as follows: 0.4 mL/min flow rate, 64.7$^{\circ}C$ reaction temperate, and 42.8% (w/w) ratio of FHCO, respectively. The half-life of immobilized lipase in PBEB with two stages at 60$^{\circ}C$ ($1^{st}$ stage) and 55$^{\circ}C$ ($2^{nd}$ stage) was about more than 30 days as estimated by extrapolating the incubation time course of tristearoyl glycerol (TS) conversion, whereas the half-life of the enzyme in PBEB with single stage at 65$^{\circ}C$ was only about 15 days. Finally, the results from SFC analysis suggest that trans-free fat produced in this study seems to be a suitable substitute for the cream margarine commonly used in industry.
Keywords
interesterification; trans-free fat; packed bed enzyme bioreactor; solid fat content; response surface methodology;
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