Browse > Article

Effect of the Cooking Condition on Enzyme-resistant Starch Content and in vitro Starch and Protein Digestibility of Tarakjuk (Milk-rice Porridge)  

Lee, Gui-Chu (Department of Home Economics Education, Korea University)
Lim, Seung-Taik (Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University)
Yoon, Hyun-Sung (Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.36, no.5, 2004 , pp. 765-772 More about this Journal
Abstract
Cooking condition of Tarakjuk (milk-rice porridge) was established based on gelatinization temperature using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of roasted Ilpum rice flour, which has highest enzyme-resistant starch (RS) content. Effect of cooking temperature and time on DSC characteristics, crystallity with X ray diffractogram, RS content, in vitro starch digestibility (IVSD), amino acid composition, and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of Tarakjuk were determined. Tarakjuk was cooked at 50, 56.5, 64, and $69^{\circ}C$ for various durations. Rice flour ingredient used was Ilpum, previously roasted at $185^{\circ}C$ for 25 min. Tarakjuk cooked at 50 and $56.5^{\circ}C$ showed two thermal transitions between $63.7-125.2^{\circ}C$ as determined by DSC, corresponding to endotherms of starch gelatinization $(63.7-73.8^{\circ}C)$ and melting of amylose-lipid complex (AM-lipid complex, $97.7-125.2^{\circ}C$), whereas that cooked at 64 and $69^{\circ}C$ showed only AM-lipid complex melting transition between $96.9-127.6^{\circ}C$. As cooking temperature increased, RS content of Tarakjuk decreased, whereas IVSD increased. Total amino acid content was between 11,558-15,601mg/100g, depending on cooking condition used. Compared with conventionally made control, contents of essential amino acids, such as lysine and tryptophane, were higher at 50 and $56.5^{\circ}C$, and IVPD showed higher increase. Results reveal degree of gelatinization in Tarakjuk with high RS content as well as low IVSD and high IVPD, which are important from physiological and nutritional point of view, can be produced by controlling cooking condition.
Keywords
DSC; enzyme-resistant starch; in vitro starch digestibility; in vitro protein digestibility; Tarakjuk (milk-rice porridge);
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Osorio-Diaz P, Bello-Perez LA, Sayago-Ayerdi SG, Benitez-Reyes M del P, Tovar J, Paredes-Lopez O. Effect of processing and storage time on in vitro digestibility and resistant starch content of two bran (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties. J. Sci. Food Agric. 83:1283-1288 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Morrison WR. Lipids in cereal starches-a review. J. Cereal Sci. 8:1-15 (1988)   DOI
3 Holm J, Asp NG, Bjorck I. Factors affecting enzymatic degradation of cereal starches in vitro and in vivo. pp. 169-187. In Cereal in a European Context. Morton ID (ed). Ellis Horwood, Chichester, UK (1987)
4 Holm J, Bjorck I, Sjoberg NG, Asp LB, Lundquist I. Starch availability in vitro and in vivo after flaking, steam-cooking and popping of wheat. J. Cereal Sci. 3: 193-206 (1985)   DOI
5 Rama RG. Effect of heat on the proteins of groundnut and bengal gram. Ind. J. Nutr. Diet. 11: 268-272 (1974)
6 Singh U, Kherdeka MS, Jambunathan R. Studies on Desi and Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars: The levels of amylase inhibitors, levels of oligosaccharides and in vitro starch digestibility. J. Food Sci. 47: 510-513 (1982)   DOI
7 Krueger BR, Knutson CA, Inglett GE. Walker CE. A differential scanning calorimetry study on the effect of annealing on gelatinization behavior of corn starch. J. Food Sci. 52: 715-718 (1987)   DOI
8 Lauro M, Suortti T, Autio K, Linko P, Poutanen K. Accessibility of barley starch granules to $\alpha$-amylase during different phases of gelatinization. J. Cereal Sci. 17: 125-136 (1993)   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Mangala SL, Mahadevamma NGM, Tharanathan RN. Resistant starch from differently processed rice and ragi (Finger millet). Eur. Food Res. Technol. 209: 32-37 (1999)   DOI
10 Englyst HN, Kingman SM, Cummings JH. Classification and measurement of nutritionally important starch fractions. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 46: S33-S50 (1992)
11 Garcia-Risco MR, Ramos M, Lopez-Fandino R. Modifications in milk proteins induced by heat treatment and homogenization and their influence on susceptibility to proteolysis. Int. Dairy J. 12: 679-688 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Ahmed M, Belfast JL. Effect of various drying procedure on the crystallinity of starch isolated from wheat grains. Starch 30: S78-79 (1978)   DOI
13 Korea Ministry of Agriculture and Forest. Per capita consumption of cereals per year. Available from: http://www.maf.go.kr. Accessed May 26, 2003
14 Asp NG, van Amelsvoort JMM, Hautvast JGA. Nutritional implications of resistant starch. Nutr. Res. Rev. 9: 1-31 (1996)   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Mangala SL, Udayasankar K. Tharanathan RN. Resistant starch from processed cereals: The influence of amylopectin and noncarbohydrate constituents in its formation. Food Chem. 64: 391- 396 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Siljestrom M, Westerlund E, Bjorck I, Holm J, Asp NG. The effects of various thermal processes on dietary fibre and starch content of whole grain wheat and white flour. J. Cereal Sci. 4: 315-323 (1986)   DOI
17 Devi K, Geervani P. Rice processing: Effect on dietary fibre components and in vitro starch digeatibility. J. Food Sci. Technol. 37: 315-318 (2000)
18 Goni I, Garcia-Diz E, Manas E, Saura-Calixto F. Analysis of resistant starch: A method for foods and food products. Food Chem. 56: 445-449 (1996)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Mangala SL, Tharanathan BN. Structural studies of resistant starch derived from processed (autoclaved) rice. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 209: 38-42 (1999)   DOI
20 Hsu HW, Vavak DL, Satterlee LD, Miller GA. A multienzyme technique for estimating protein digestibility. J. Food Sci. 42: 1269-1273 (1977)   DOI
21 Holm J, Bjork I, Ostrowska S, Eliasson AC, Asp NG, Larsson K, Lundquist I, Lund DL. Digestibility of amylose-lipid complexes in vitro and in vivo. Starch 35: 294-297 (1983)   DOI
22 Negi A, Boora P, Khetarpaul N. Starch and protein digestibility of newly released moth bran cultivars: Effect of soaking, dehulling, germination and pressure cooking. Nahrung 45: 251-254 (2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Tovar J, Melito C. Steam-cooking and dry heating produce resistant starch in legumes. J. Agric. Food Chem. 44: 2642-2645 (1996)   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Lee GC, Kim SJ, Koh BK. Effect of roasting condition on the physicochemical properties of rice flour and the quality character- istics of Tarakjuk, Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 35: 905-913 (2003)
25 Bach KKE, Munck L. Dietary fibre contents and composition of sorghum and sorghum-based foods. J. Cereal Sci. 3: 153-164 (1985)   DOI
26 Sagum R, Arcot J. Effect of domestic processing methods on the starch, non-starch polysaccharides and in vitro starch and protein digestibility of three varieties of rice with varying levels of amylose. Food Chem. 70: 107-111 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Skrabanja V, Liljebrerg HGM, Hedley CL, Freft I, Bjorck IME. Influence of genotype and processing on the in vitro rate of starch hydrolysis and resistant starch formation in peas (Pisum sativum L.). J. Agric. Food Chem. 47: 2033-2039 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Szczodrak J, Pomeranz Y. Starch-lipid interactions and formation of resistant starch in high-amylose barley. Cereal Chem. 69: 626- 632 (1992)
29 Saura-Calixto F, Goni I, Bravo l, Manas E. Resistant starch in foods: Modified method for dietary fiber residues. J. Food Sci. 58: 642-645 (1993)   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Lee GC. A study on the traditional daily food of Seoul. Asian Comp. Folklore 20: 233-250 (2001)
31 Sievert D, Pomeranz Y. Enzyme-resistant starch 1: Characterization and evaluation by enzymatic, thermoanalytical, and microscopic methods. Cereal Chem. 66: 342-347 (1989)
32 Parchure AA, Kulkarni PR. Effect of food processing treatments on generation of resistant starch. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 48: 257-260 (1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
33 SAS Institute, Inc. SAS User's Guide. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Cary, NC, USA, (1990)
34 Czuchajowska Z, Sievert D, Pomeranz Y. Enzyme-resistant starch IV: Effect of complexing lipids. Cereal Chem. 68: 537-542 (1991)
35 Lauro M, Poutanen K, Forssel P. Effect of partial gelatinization and lipid addition on $\alpha$-amylolysis of barley starch granules. Cereal Chem. 77: 595-601 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn