Browse > Article

Characterization of the Germinated Rices to Examine an Application Potentials as Functional Rice Processed Foods  

Kang, Mi-Young (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
Lee, Yeon-Ri (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
Nam, Seok-Hyun (Department of Natural Science, Ajou University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology / v.35, no.4, 2003 , pp. 696-701 More about this Journal
Abstract
Rice seeds of 4 cultivars including Whachung and Nampung, of the non-waxy rice cultivars, and Shinsunchalbyeo and Whachungchabyeo, of the waxy rice cultivars, were germinated at $27^{\circ}C$ for 3 days to compare the changes in some physico-chemical properties of the starch granules and the starch-hydrolysing enzyme activities during germination, respectively. With the starch granules, the amount of long glucose chains from amylose molecules were reduced in the non-waxy rices, while the chain length increased in the waxy rices. In the distribution profile of the glucose chain length from amylose molecules, we could observed that the chain length with DP (degree of polymerization) ranged 33 to 66 increased with the decreasing rate of the chain length with that above 130, regardless of the waxiness of rices. In addition, we observed that in contrast to a increase in chain length with DP ranged 14 to 33, the amount of short chains from A chain fraction decreased. Germination induced slight reduction in the polymerization rate of starch granules, and decrease in both initiation and termination temperatures for the gelatinization. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ activity of rices germinated for 3 days found to he higher than that of malt. Especially, the activity of Shinsunchalbyeo was revealed to be highest, about two fold higher than that of malt. In contrast, ${\beta}-amylase$ of the waxy rice found to be considerably less active than malt, although the waxy showed prevalent activity as compared to the non-waxy rices.
Keywords
rice cultivars; non-waxy; waxy; amylose; amylopectin; glatinization; ${\alpha}-amylase$; ${\beta}-amylase$;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Colmenarse De Ruiz, A.S. and Bressani, R. Effect of germination on the chemical composition and nutrative value of amaranth grain. Cereal Chem. 67: 519-523 (1990)
2 Kim, I.S., Kwon, T.B. and Oh, S.K. Study on the chemical change of general composition. fatty acids and minerals of rapeseed during germination. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 17: 371-376 (1985)
3 Choi, J.H. Quality characteristics of the bread with sprouted brown rice flour. Korean J. Soc. Food. Cookery Sci. 17: 323-328 (2001)
4 Macleary, B. and Sheehan, H. Measurement of cereal $\alpha$-amylase: A new assay procedure. J. Cereal Sci. 6: 237-251 (1987)   DOI
5 Banks, W, Greenwood, C.T. and Muir, D.D. A critical comparison of the estimation of amylose content by colorimetric determination and potentiometric titration of the iodine complex. Staerke 26: 3-77 (1974)
6 Takeda, Y., Hizukuri, S. and Juliano, B.O. Structure of amylopectin with low and high affinities for iodine. Carbohydr. Res. 168: 287-294 (1987)
7 Nakagawa, K. and Onota, A. Accumulation of '$\gamma$-arninobutyric acid(GABA) in the rice germ. Food Processing 31: 43-46 (1996)
8 Lee, M.H., Son, H.S., Choi, O.K., Oh, S.K. and Kwon, T.B. Changes in physico-chemical properties and mineral contents during buckwheat germination. Korean J. Food Nutr. 7: 267-273 (1994)
9 Hsu, D., Leung, H.K., Finney, P.L. and Morad, M.M. Effect of germination on nutrative value and baking properties of dry peas, lentils and faba beans. J. Food Sci. 45: 87-91 (1980)   DOI
10 Lee, W.J. and Kim, S.S. Preparation of shike with brown rice. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 30: 101-106 (1998)
11 Villareal, C.P., Hizukuri, S. and Juliano, B.O. Amylopectin staling of cooked milled rices and properties of amylopectin and amylose. Cereal Chem. 74: 163-167 (1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Lee, M.H. and Shin, J.C. New techniques for the cultivation of quality rice, pp. 239-263. In: Rediscovering Korea Rice and Development Direction. Park, L.K. and Shin, J.C. (eds.), Korean Society of Rice Research, Seoul, Korea (1999)
13 Macleary, B. and Codd, R. Measurement of $\beta$-amylase in cereal flours and commercial enzyme preparations. J. Cereal Sci. 9: 17-33 (1989)   DOI
14 Kim, W.J., Kim, N.M. and Sung, H.S. Effect of germination on phytic acid and soluble minerals in soymilk. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 16: 358-362 (1984)
15 Banks, W., Greenwood, C.T. and Muir, D.D. The characterization of starch and its components. III. The technique of semi-micro differential potentiometric iodine titration and factors affecting it. Staerke 23: 118-124 (1971)   DOI
16 Kim, S.K. and Cheigh, H.S. Radial distribution of calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine and riboflavin in the degermed brown rice kernel. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 11: 122-127 (1979)
17 Choi, K.S. and Kim, Z.U. Changes in lipid components during germination of mungbean. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 17: 271-275 (1985)
18 Kim, S.S. and Lee, W.J. Characteristics of germinated rice as a potential raw material for Shikhe production. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 29: 101-106 (1997)
19 Banks, W., Greenwood, C.T. and Thomson, J. The properties of amylose as related to the fractionation and subfractionation of starch. Macromol. Chem. 31: 197-213 (1959)   DOI
20 Lee, H.J., Byun, S.M. and Kim, H.S. Studies on the dietary fiber of brown rice and milled rice. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 20: 576-580 (1988)
21 Ahn, B. and Yang, C.B. Effects of soaking, germination, incubation and autoclaving on phytic acid in seed. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 17: 516-521 (1985)
22 Ikeda, K., Arioka, K., Fujii, S., Kusano, T and Oku, M. Effect on buckwheat protein quality of seed germination and changes in trypsin inhibitor content. Cereal Chem. 61: 236-240 (1984)
23 Cho, B.M., Yoon, S.K. and Kim, W.J. Changes in amino acid and fatty acids composition during grermination of rapeseed. Korean J. Food Sci. Tecnol. 17: 371-376 (1985)