Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3339/jkspn.2011.15.2.163

Prevalence of Vesicoureteral Reflux According to the Timing of Voiding Cystourethrography in Infantile Urinary Tract Infection  

Oh, Yoon-Su (Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Choi, Min-Jeong (Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Park, Se-Jin (Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine)
Lee, Jae-Seung (Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Shin, Jae-Il (Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Kim, Kee-Hyuck (Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital)
Publication Information
Childhood Kidney Diseases / v.15, no.2, 2011 , pp. 163-171 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : To evaluate the prevalence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) according to the timing of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) in infantile urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods : The data of 134 infants (1-12 months) with renal cortical defect in $^{99m}Tc$-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid ($^{99m}Tc$-DMSA) scan with a diagnosis of UTI in two hospitals from 2000 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The VCUG was performed after 2 weeks from the diagnosis of UTI in Group I (n=68), and the VCUG was performed within 2 weeks from the diagnosis of UTI in Group II (n=66). Results : There were no significant differences between the two groups in the duration of fever, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein levels, and abnormalities in ultrasonography (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the prevelence of VUR, bilateral VUR, and severe VUR. VCUG-induced UTI was detected 16 (23.5%) of patients in whom the procedure was performed 2 weeks after the diagnosis, and none of VCUG-induced UTI occurred in those in whom the procedure was performed 2 weeks within the diagnosis. Conclusion : We conclude that the prevalence of VUR according to the timing of VCUG did not differ between the two groups in infantile UTI with renal cortical defect in DMSA scan. We also found that performing VCUG with antibiotics can decrease risk of VCUG-induced UTI.
Keywords
Urinary tract infection; $^{99m}Tc$-DMSA scan; Voiding cystourethrography; Vesicoureteral reflux;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kang HG, Kang JH, Ha IS, Kim KM, Cheong HI, Choi Y. Effect of prophylactic antibiotics on urinary tract infection complicating voiding cystourethrography. Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(suppl 1):93.
2 Ryu JM, Ahn YH, Lee SH, Choi HJ, Lee BH, Kang HG, et al. Urinary Tract Infection Following Voiding Cystourethrography. Korean J Nephrol 2008;12 (suppl 2):194.
3 Mantadakis E, Vouloumanou EK, Georgantzi GG, Tsalkidis A, Chatzimichael A, Falagas ME. Acute Tc-99m DMSA scan for identifying dilating vesicoureteral reflux in children: a meta-analysis. Pediarics 2011;128:e169-79.
4 Fouzas S, Krikelli E, Vassilakos P, Gkentzi D, Papanastasiou DA, Salakos C. DMSA scan for revealing vesicoureteral reflux in young children with urinary tract infection. Pediatrics 2010;126:e513-9.   DOI
5 Jakobsson B, Soderlundh S, Berg U. Diagnostic significance of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy in urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child 1992;67:1338-42.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Hellstrom M, Jacobsson B. Diagnosis of vesico-ureteric reflux. Acta Paediatr Suppl 1999;88:3-12.
7 Kassis I, Kovalski Y, Magen D, Berkowitz D and Zelikovic I. Early Performance of Voiding Cystourethrogram after Urinary Tract Infection in Children. IMAJ 2008;10:453-6.
8 Soccorso G, Moss G, Roberts J, Godbole P. Infantile urinary tract infection and timing of micturating cystourethrogram. J Pediatr Urol 2010;6:582-4.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Gross GW, Lebowitz RL. Infection dose not cause reflux. Am J Roentgenol 1981;137:929-32.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Craig JC, Knight JF, Sureshkumar P, Lam A, Onikul E, Roy LP. Vesicoureteral reflux and timing of micturating cystourethrography after urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child 1997;76:275-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Rushton HG Jr. Vesicoureteral reflux and scarring. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P, eds. Pediatric nephrology. Philladelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004:1027-48.
12 McDonald A, Scranton M, Gillespie R, Mahajan V, Edwards G. Voiding cystourethrograms and urinary tract infections: How long to wait? Pediatrics 2000;105:e50.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Mahant S, To T, Friedman J. Timing of voiding cystourethrogram in the investigation of urinary tract infections in children. J Pediar 2001;139:568-71.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Doganis D, Mavrikou M, Delis D, Stamoyannou L, Siafas K, Sinaniotis K. Timing of voiding cystourethragraphy in infants with first time urinary infection. Pediar Nephrol 2009;24:319-22.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Winberg J, Andersen HJ, Bergstrom T, Jacobsson B, Larson H, Lincoln K. Epidemiology of symptomatic urinary tract infection in childhood. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1974;252:1-20.
16 Glynn B, Gordon IR. The risk of infection of the urinary tract as a result of micturating cystourethrography in children. Ann Radiol (Paris) 1970;13:283-7.
17 McAlister WH, Cacciarelli A, Shackelford GD. Complications associated with cystography in children. Radiology 1974;111:167-72.
18 Hallet RJ, Pead L, Maskell R. Urinary infection in boys. A three-year prospective study. Lancet 1976;1107-10.
19 Rachmiel M, Aladjem M, Starinsky R, Strauss S, Villa Y, Goldman M. Symptomatic urinary tract infections following voiding cystourethrography. Pediatr Nephrol 2005;20:1449-52.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Smellie J, Barratt TM, Chantler C, Gordon I, Prescod NP, Woolf AS, et al. Medical versus surgical treatment in children with severe bilateral vesicoureteric reflux and bilateral-nephropathy : a randomised trial. Lancet 2001;357:1329-33.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Bailey RR, Lynn KL, Smith AH. Long-term followup of infants with gross vesicoureteral reflux. J Urol 1992;148:1709-11.
22 Benador D, Benador N, Slosman Do, Nusle D, Mermilod B, Girardin E. Cortical scintigraphy in the evaluation of parenchymal change in children with pyelonephritis. J Pediar 1994:124:17-20.   DOI
23 Polito C, Rambaldi PF, Mansi L, Di Toro R, La Manna A. Unilateral vesicoureteric reflux : Low prevalence of contralateral renal damage. J Pediatr 2001;138:875-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Andrich M, Massoud M. Diagnostic imaging in the evaluation of first time urinary tract infection in infants and young children. Pediarics 1992;90:436-41.
25 Dick PT, Feldman W. Routine diagnostic imaging for childhood urinary tract infection: a systematic overview. J Pediar 1996;128:15-22.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Michael G, Tzvy B, Tifha H, Ietay Z, Mordechay A. The etiology of renal scars in infants with pyelonephritis and vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatr Nephrol 2000;14:385-8.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Rosenberg AR, Rossleigh MA, Brydon MP, Bass SJ, Leighton DM, Farnsworth RH. Evaluation of acute urinary infection in children by dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy; a prospective study. J Urol 1992;148:1746-9.
28 Robert MK, Richard EB, Hal BJ, Bonita FS. Nelson textbook of pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadephia: W.B. Saunders Co, 2007:2223-33.
29 Mahant S, Fridman J, MacArthur C. Renal ultrasound findings and vesicoureteral reflux in children hospitalized with urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child 2002;86:419-20.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Jerin JM, Shulkin BL. Post procedural symptoms in children who undergo imaging studies of the urinary tract: is it the contrast material or the catheter? Radiology 1992;182:727-30.
31 American Academy of Pediatrics. Practice parameter: The diagnosis, treatment and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics 1999;103:843-52.
32 Auer J, Seager LD. Experimental local bladder edema causing urine reflux into ureter and kidney. J Exp Med 1937;66:741-54.   DOI
33 Arant BS Jr. Vesicoureteral reflux and renal injury. Am J Kidney Dis 1991;17:491-511.
34 Lee SJ. Guidelines for childhood urinary tract infection. Korean J Pediatr 2009;52:976-83.   DOI   ScienceOn