Comparison of Cardiovascular Disease Characteristics According to the Employment Status among Emergency Department Patients
![]() |
Rhie, Jeong-Bae
(Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University)
Ryu, Inn-Shil (Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University) Jeong, In-Chul (Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University) Park, Yoo-Seok (Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University) Lim, Yong-Su (Department of Emergency Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) Kim, Sun-Hyu (Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ulsan College of medicine, Ulsan University Hospital) Won, Jong-Uk (Department of Preventive Medicine-Institute for Occupational Health, College of Medicine, Yonsei University) |
1 | Korea National Statical Office. Annual Report on the Cause of Death Statics 2009. Korea National Statical Office. Daejeon. 2010. pp 4-27. (Korean) |
2 | Korea Ministry of Labor. Statics of Occupational Injuries and Diseases 2009. Korea Ministry of Labor. Gwacheon. 2010. pp 6-24. (Korean) |
3 | World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2003-Shaping the Future. World Health Organization. Geneva. 2003. pp 154-65. |
4 | Jeong YH, Go SJ. Estimating socioeconomic costs of five major diseases. The Korean Journal of Public Finance 2004;18(2):77-104. (Korean) |
5 | Pearson TA, Blair SN, Daniels SR, Eckel RH, Fair JM, Fortmann SP, Franklin BA, Goldstein LB, Greenland P, Grundy SM, Hong Y, Miller NH, Lauer RM, Ockene IS, Sacco RL, Sallis JF Jr, Smith SC Jr, Stone NJ, Taubert KA. AHA guidelines for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke: 2002 update: consensus panel guide to comprehensive risk reduction for adult patients without coronary or other atherosclerotic vascular diseases. American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee. Circulation 2002;106(3):388-91. |
6 | Goldstein LB, Adams R, Alberts MJ, Appel LJ, Brass LM, Bushnell CD, Culebras A, Degraba TJ, Gorelick PB, Guyton JR, Hart RG, Howard G, Kelly-Hayes M, Nixon JV, Sacco RL. Primary prevention of ischemic stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association Stroke Council: cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline. Stroke 2006;37(6):1583-633. |
7 | Mozaffarian D, Wilson PW, Kannel WB. Beyond established and novel risk factors: lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2008;117(23):3031-8. |
8 | Poirier P. Healthy lifestyle: even if you are doing everything right, extra weight carries an excess risk of acute coronary events. Circulation 2008;117(24):3057-9. |
9 | Wald NJ, Law MR. A strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease by more than 80%. BMJ 2003;326:1419. |
10 | Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Korea National Health statistics 2008 (translated by Rhie JB). Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Seoul. 2009. pp 50-55. (Korean) |
11 | Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare. Guide to Major Chronic Disease Management Program 2010 (translated by Rhie JB). Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare. Seoul. 2010. pp 1-46. (Korean) |
12 | Korea Ministry of Labor. The First 5 yesrs the Industrial Accident Prevention Plan 2000 (translated by Rhie JB). Korea Ministry of Labor. Gwacheon. 2000. pp 52-3. (Korean) |
13 | Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. KOSHA Guide H-1-2010: Guidelines for Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular Risk at Workplace (translated by Rhie JB). Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. Incheon. 2010. pp 1-16.(Korean) |
14 | Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. Guidelines for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (translated by Rhie JB). Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. Incheon. 2008. pp 3-186. (Korean) |
15 | Gupta R, Deedwania P. Interventions for cardiovascular disease prevention. Cardiology Clinics 2011;29(1):15-34. |
16 | Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health Behavior and Chronic Disease Statistics 2005. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Seoul. 2006. pp 47-86. (Korean) |
17 | Cha BS. Occupational Disease (translated by Rhie JB). Gyecheugmunhwasa. Seoul. 2007. pp 1-9. (Korean) |
18 | O'Donnell MP. Health Promotion in the Workplace, 3rd ed. Delmar. New York. 2002. pp 1-77. |
19 | Kwak WS, Won JU, Rhie JB, Lee MS, Kang EJ, Roh JH. A workplace cardiovascular health promotion program and its short-term health effects. Korean J Occup Environ Med 2009;21(1):46-52. (Korean) |
20 | Hwang CK, Koh SB, Chang SJ, Park CY, Cha BS, Hyun SJ, Park JH, Lee KM, Cha KT, Park WJ, Jhun HJ. Occupational stress in relation to cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease: Longitudinal analysis from th NSDSOS Project. Korean J Occup Environ Med 2007;19(2):105-14. (Korean) |
21 | Vlastelica M. Emotional stress as a trigger in sudden cardiac death. Psychiatr Danub 2008;20(3):411-4. |
22 | Ikehara S, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Koizumi A, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A. Alcohol consumption and mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease among Japanese men and women: the Japan collaborative cohort study. Stroke 2008;39(11):2936-42. DOI ScienceOn |
23 | Sull JW, Yi SW, Nam CM, Ohrr H. Binge drinking and mortality from all causes and cerebrovascular diseases in korean men and women: a Kangwha cohort study. Stroke 2009;40(9):2953-8. DOI ScienceOn |
24 | Shah RS, Cole JW. Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010;8(7):917-32. DOI ScienceOn |
25 | Teo KK, Ounpuu S, Hawken S, Pandey MR, Valentin V, Hunt D, Diaz R, Rashed W, Freeman R, Jiang L, Zhang X, Yusuf S. Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study: a case-control study. Lancet 2006;368(9536):647-58. |
26 | Grysiewicz RA, Thomas K, Pandey DK. Epidemiology of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality, and Risk Factors. Neurol Clin 2008;26:871-95. |
27 | Korea National Statical Office. Annual Report on the Economically Active Population Survey 2009. Available: http://kosis.kr/ups/ups_01List01.jsp?grp_no=1003&pubcode=WA&type=F [cited 15 April 2011]. |
28 | WHO/IASO/IOTF. The Asia-Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and its Treatment. Health Communications Australia Pty Ltd, 2000. pp 15-21. |
29 | Liu Y, Tanaka H. Overtime work, insufficient sleep, and risk of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction in Japanese men. Occup Environ Med 2002;59:447-51. |
30 | Braunwald E, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 9th ed. Saunders Elsevier. Philadelphia. 2011. pp 914-27. |
31 | Qureshi AI, Tuhrim S, Broderick JP, Batjer HH, Hondo H, Hanley DF. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2001;344(19):1450-60. |
32 | Gorelick PB. Alcohol and stroke. Stroke 1987;18(1):268-71. |
33 | Jang KH. Healthy worker effect in cardiovascular disease. master's dissertation, Chonnam National University Graduate School. 2010. pp 1-14. (Korean) |
34 | Park JA. Prevalence and management status of combined hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in south Korea. Doctorial's dissertation, Hanyang University Graduate School. 2008. pp 1-37. (Korean) |
35 | O'Keefe JH Jr, Poston WS, Haddock CK, Moe RM, Harris W. Psychosocial stress and cardiovascular disease: how to heal a broken heart. Compr Ther 2004;30(1):37-43. |
36 | Chida Y, Steptoe A. Greater cardiovascular responses to laboratory mental stress are associated with poor subsequent cardiovascular risk status: a meta-analysis of prospective evidence. Hypertension 2010;55(4):1026-32. |
37 | Jood K, Redfors P, Rosengren A, Blomstrand C, Jern C. Self-perceived psychological stress and ischemic stroke: a case-control study. BMC Med 2009;7:53. |
![]() |