Browse > Article

Studies on the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Rigid Foams Prepared Using Starch as a Main Component of Polyols  

김대현 (서울대학교 천연섬유학과)
양성률 (서울대학교 천연섬유학과)
권오진 (서울대학교 천연섬유학과)
박종신 (서울대학교 천연섬유학과)
Publication Information
Textile Science and Engineering / v.41, no.5, 2004 , pp. 365-377 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, we prepared polyurethane rigid foams through a one-shot process, using 100 parts of polyols (PEG:glycerol:starch=9:1:l0 in the weight ratio), 60 to 100 parts of 2,4-TDI as an isocyanate, and 1 to 20 parts of water as a blowing agent. The foams had open-cell structure, whose cell size was approximately 0.5-1 mm and the thickness of the cell wall decreased with increasing water content. The apparent densities also decreased with increasing water content, 0.232-0.141 g/㎤ in TS5-60, 0.233-0.074 g/㎤ in TS5-80, and 0.265-0.085 g/㎤ in TS5-100, respectively. To confirm the reactions between isocyanate groups of 2,4-TDI and hydroxyl groups of polyols (PEG, glycerol, and starch) or water, FT-IR spectroscopic analysis and a solubility test in DMF were performed. The thermal property of the foams was investigated using DSC. From the results of the impact test, the impact resistance of the foams showed a maximum of 48.092 J/m at TS5-60-6, 70.951 J/m at TS5-80-8, and 88.062 J/m at TS5-100-8, respectively. From the compression test, the compressive stress showed a maximum of 402.5 KPa at TS5-60-6, 621.3 KPa at TS5-80-6, and 604.9 KPa at TS5-100-8. And the compressive elastic modulus showed a maximum of 14.94 MPa at TS5-60-6, 15.72 MPa at TS5-80-7, 16.52 MPa at TS5-100-8, respectively.
Keywords
polyurethane rigid foam; starch; 2,4-TDI; PEG; mechanical properties;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 A. Lucas, L. Rodriguez, M. P. Collado, P. Sanchez, and J. F. Rodriguez, 'Synthesis of Polyols by Anionic Polymerization: Determination of Kinetic Parameters of Propylene Oxide Polymerization Using Calcium and Potassium Alcoholates', Polym. Int., 51, 1066-1071(2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Y. Chen, G. Zhang, and H. Zhang, 'Preparation of Polyether Triol and Three-Armed Polyether Triol by Tetrahydrofuran Polymerization Initiated with Heteropolyacid', Macromol. Chem. Phys., 202, 1440-1445(2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
3 I. Javni, W. Zhang, and Z. S. Petrovic, 'Effect of Different Isocyanates on the Properties of Soy-Based Polyurethanes', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 88, 2912-2916(2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
4 P. Zetterlund, S. Hirose, and T. Hatakeyama, 'Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethanes Derived from Mono- and Disaccharides', Polym. Int., 42, 1-8(1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Y. Yao, M. Yoshioka, and N. Shiraishi, 'Water-Absorbing Polyurethane Foams from Liquefied Starch', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60, 1939-1949(1996)   DOI   ScienceOn
6 I. Arvanitoyannis, A. Nakayama, and S. I. Aiba, 'Edible Films Made from Hydroxypropyl Starch and Gelatin and Plasticized by Polyols and Water', Carbohydrate Polym., 36, 105-119(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
7 R. S. Heilbrounn, 'Hydrothermal Modification of Starches: The Difference between Annealing and Heat/Moisture-Treatment', Starch, 44, 205-214(1992)   DOI
8 G. Ustun and H. Civelekolu, 'Copolymerization of Turkish Tall Oil Specimens with Indene-Coumarone(II) - Production and Properties of Indene-Coumarone Modified Tall Oil Varnishes', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 43, 1969-1975(1991)   DOI
9 E. J. Vandenberg, 'Epoxide Polymers: Synthesis, Stereochemistry, Structure, and Mechanism', J. Polym. Sci. Part A-1, Polym. Chem., 7, 525-567(1969)   DOI
10 M. C. Delpech and F. M. B. Coutinho, 'Waterborne Anionic Polyurethanes and Poly(urethane-urea)s: Influence of the Chain Extender on Mechanical and Adhesive Properties', Polym. Testing, 19, 939-952(2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
11 J. Abecassis, R. Abbou, M. Chaurand, M. H. Morel, and P. Vernoux, 'Influence of Extrusion Conditions on Extrusion Speed, Temperature, and Pressure in the Extruder and on Paste Quality', Cereal Chem., 71, 247-253(1994)
12 I. Arvanitoyannis, C. G. Biliaderis, H. Ogawa, and N. Kawasaki, 'Biodegradable Films Made from Low-density Polyethylene(LDPE), Rice Starch and Potato Starch for Food Packaging Applications : Part 1', Carbohydrate Polym., 36, 89-104(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
13 S. Ryabov, N. Kotelnikova, Y. Kercha, S. Laptiy, R. Gaiduk, L. Kosenko, and A. Yakovenko, 'Preparation of Polymer Composites on the Base of Polyurethanes and Natural Polysaccharides', Macromol. Symp., 164, 421-428(2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
14 S. K. Ha and H. C. Broecker, 'Characteristics of Polyurethanes Incorporating Starch Granules', Polymer, 43, 5227-5234 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Y. C. Chou and L. J. Lee, Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane-Unsaturated Polyester Interpenetrating Polymer Networks', Polym. Eng. Sci., 35, 976-988(1995)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Y. Liu, M. S. Lindblad, E. Ranucci, and A. C. Albertsson, 'New Segmented Poly(ester-urethane)s from Renewable Resources', J. Polym. Sci., Part A, Polym. Chem., 39, 630-639(2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
17 C. P. Chwang, C. L. Wang, Y. M. Kuo, S. N. Lee, A. Chao, and D. Y. Chao, 'On the Study of Polyurethane Ionomer- Part I', Polym. Adv. Tech., 13, 285-292(2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
18 E. Querat, L. Tighzert, J. P. Pascault, and K. Dusek, 'Blocked Isocyanate: Reaction and Thermal Behavior of the Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate Dimer', Die Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie, 242, 1-36(1996)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 L. Zhang and Q. Zhou, 'Effects of Molecular Weight of Nitrocellulose on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Nitrocellulose IPNs', J. Polym. Sci., Part B, Polym, Phys., 37, 1623-1631(1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
20 H. P. Bhunia, G. B. Nando, T. K. Chaki, A. Basak, S. Lenka, and P. L. Nayak, 'Synthesis and Characterization of Polymers from Cashewnut Shell Liquid (CNSL), a Renewable Resource II. Synthesis of Polyurethanes', Eur. Polym. J., 35, 1381-1391(1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
21 S. Gao and L. Zhang, 'Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Networks from Castor Oil-based Polyurethane and Nitrokonjac Glucomannan', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 81, 2076-2083(2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
22 P. Gong and L. Zhang, 'Properties and Interfacial Bonding of Regenerated Cellulose Films Coated with Polyurethane-Chitosan IPN Coating', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 68, 1313-1319 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
23 F. Bachmann, J. Reimer, M. Ruppenstein, and J. Thiem, 'Synthesis of a Novel Starch-Derived AB-type Polyurethane', Macromol. Rapid Commun., 19, 21-26(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Y. Okamoto, Y. Hasegawa, and F. Yoshino, 'Urethane/Acrylic Composite Polymer Emulsions', Progress in Organic Coatings, 29, 175-182(1996)   DOI   ScienceOn