Browse > Article

CONVERTING FROM ORAL SEDATION TO INTRAVENOUS SEDATION USING TOPICAL ANESTHETICS ON SKIN AFTER ORAL SEDATION FAILURE  

Lee, Eun-Hui (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University)
Kim, Seung-Oh (Department of Anesthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University)
Kim, Jong-Soo (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University)
Yoo, Seung-Hoon (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University)
Publication Information
Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry / v.37, no.2, 2010 , pp. 213-217 More about this Journal
Abstract
The use of chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine for oral sedation is most effective in children aged less than 36 months and weighing less than 15 kg. Children who do not belong to this category may show frequent movements due to shallow sedation level, and it can lead to sedation failures. One of the solutions to such sedation failure is conversion to deeper sedation. But, it is not so much of an option, since inhalation anesthetics and devices are required. In this case, conversion from oral sedation to intravenous sedation was successfully achieved without causing injection pain while searching for an intravenous route, by using EMLA cream (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthesia). A patient aged 46 months and weighing 15 kg visited the Pediatric Department of Dankook University Dental Hospital. Treatment under TSD(Tell Show Do) was offered, but due to the parent's request, oral sedative measures were taken. Considering prompt converting from oral sedation to iv sedation in case the oral sedation fails, EMLA cream was apllied preemptively. Adequate sedation level could not be achieved after 90 minutes of oral administration, therefore, under the parent's consent, intravenous route was prepared after conscious sedation by $N_2O-O_2$. During treatment, $ETCO_2$, $SPO_2$ and heart rate was monitored every 5 minutes. The patient showed stable vital signs and did not show any movements. The whole procedure took two and a half hours in total, and the treatment was completed without any adverse effects.
Keywords
EMLA cream; I. V route; I. V sedation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Jason Leitch , Avril Macpherson : Current state of sedation / Analgesia care in dentistry: Curr Opion Anaesthesic, 20 : 384-387, 2007.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Koh J L, Harrison D, Myers R, et al. : A randomized, double-blind comparison study of EMLA and ELA-Max for topical anesthesia in children undergoing intravenous insertion. Pediatric Anesth, 14 : 977-982, 2004.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 M T Hosey, A Makin, R M Jones, et al. : Propofol intravenous conscious sedation for anxious children in a specialist paediatric dentistry unit : Int J Paediatr Dent, 14 : 2-8, 2004.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Oei-Lim VL, White M, Kalkman CJ, et al. : Pharmacokinetics of propofol during conscious sedation using target-controlled infusion in anxious patients undergoing dental treatment. Br J of Anaesth, 80 : 324-331, 1998.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Engberg G, Danielson K, Henneberg S, et al. : Plasma concentrations of Prilocaine and lidocaine and methemoglobin formation in infants after epicutaneous application of 5% lidocaine-prilocaine cream (EMLA) : Acta Anaesthesio Scand, 31 : 624, 1987.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Ehrenstrom-Reiz G, Reiz S, Srockman O : Topical anaesthesia with EMLA, a new lidocaine-prilocaine cream and the custom technique for detection of minimal application time. Acta Anaesthesio Scand, 27 : 510, 1983.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Horst A, Evers H : Experimental studies of new topical anesthetics on oral mucosa. Swed Dent J, 9 : 185-191, 1985.
8 김희진, 고승백, 홍성수 등 : 소아에서 EMLA cream을 이용한 도포마취 : 증례보고. 대한소아치과학회지, 29 : 69-75, 2002.   과학기술학회마을
9 Evers H, Dardel OV, Juhlin L, et al. : Dermal effects of compositions based on the eutectic mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine (EMLA). British J Anesth, 57 : 997, 1985.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Jakobson B, Nilson A : Methemoglobinemia associated with a prilocaine-lidocaine cream and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole : a case report. Acta Anesthesiol Scand, 29 : 453-455, 1985.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Olsen L, Englesson S, Evers H : An anesthetic lidocaine lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA) for epicutaneous application tested for cutting split skin graft. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg, 19 : 201, 1985.   DOI
12 Hallen B, Uppfeldt A : Does lidocaine/ prilocaine cream permit painfree insertion of I.V catheters in children. Anesthesiology, 57 : 340, 1982.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Svensson P, Petersen JK : Anesthetic effect of EMLA cream occluded with orahesive oral bandages on oral mucosa a placebo-controlled study. : Anesth Prog, 39 : 79-82, 1992.
14 원기정, 김용배, 박병일 등 : LIDOCAINE과 PRILOCAINE을 혼합한 도포 마취제, EMLA 크림에 대한 실험 및 임상응용. 대한성형외과학회지, 20 : 911-916, 1993.
15 김경희, 김종수, 김승오 : 소아환자의 진정요법 효과와 그와 연관된 변수에 대한 연구 : 대한소아치과학회지, 34, No. 2 : 234-246, 2007.   과학기술학회마을
16 Julin L, Evers H : EMLA : A new topical anesthetic. Adv Dermatol, 5 : 75-92, 1990.