Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2011.38.2.105

Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified Herbicide-Tolerant zoysiagrass (Event: Jeju Green21)  

Bae, Tae-Woong (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
Kang, Hong-Gyu (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
Song, In-Ja (Faculty of Biotechology, Jeju National University)
Sun, Hyeon-Jin (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
Ko, Suk-Min (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
Song, Pill-Soon (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
Lee, Hyo-Yeon (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Plant Biotechnology / v.38, no.2, 2011 , pp. 105-116 More about this Journal
Abstract
Transgenic zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) expressing the bar gene inserted in the plant genome has been generated previously through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The GM zoysiagrass (event: JG21) permits efficient management of weed control of widely cultivated zoysiagrass fields, reducing the frequency and cost of using various herbicides for weed control. Now we have carried out the environmental risk assessment of JG21 prior to applying to the governmental regulatory agency for the commercial release of the GM turf grass outside of test plots. The morphological phenotypes, molecular analysis, weediness and gene flow from each test plot of JG21 and wild-type zoysiagrasses have been evaluated by selectively analyzing environmental effects. There were no marked differences in morphological phenotypes between JG21 and wild-type grasses. The JG21 retained its stable integration in the host plant in T1 generation, exhibiting a 3:1 segregation ratio according to the Mendelian genetics. We confirmed the copy number (1) of JG21 by using Southern blot analysis, as the transgenic plants were tolerant to ammonium glufosinate throughout the culture period. From cross-fertilization and gene flow studies, we found a 9% cross-pollination rate at the center of JG21 field and 0% at distances over 3 m from the field. The JG21 and wild-type zoysiagrass plants are not considered "weed" because zoysiagrasses generally are not dominant and do not spread into weedy areas easily. We assessed the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the transgene DNA to soil microorganisms from JG21 and wild-type plants. The bar gene was not detected from the total genomic DNA extracted from each rhizosphere soil of GM and non-GM Zoysia grass fields. Through the monitoring of JG21 transgene's unintentional release into the environment, we found no evidence for either pollen mediated gene flow of zoysiagrass or seed dispersal from the test field within a 3 km radius of the natural habitat.
Keywords
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 10  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Liu YG, Mitsukawa N, Oosumi T, Whittier RF (1995) Efficient isolation and mapping of Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insert junctions by thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR. Plant J 8:457-463   DOI
2 Lim SH, Kang BC, Shin HK (2004) Herbicide Resistant Turfgrass (Zoysia japonica cv. 'Zenith') Plants by Particle bombardment- mediated Transformation. Kor Turf Sci 34(5):221-229   과학기술학회마을
3 Herouet C, Esdaile DJ, Mallyon BA, Debruyne E, Schulz A, Currier T, Hendrickx K, Van der Klis R, Rouan D (2005) Safety evaluation of the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase proteins encoded by the pat and bar sequences that confer tolerance to glufosinate-ammonium herbicide in transgenic plants. Regul. Toxicol Pharmacol 41:134-149   DOI
4 Hoffmann T, Golz C, Schieder O. (1994) Foreign DNA sequences are received by a wild-type strain of Aspergillus niger after co-culture with transgenic higher plants. Current Genetics 27: 70-76   DOI
5 Honda M, Kono M (1963) 芝の形態並びに解剖學的硏究. 特に日本芝 Zoysia japonica Steud. について. 千菓大園藝學部學術報告 (11):1-22
6 Hong KH, Yeam DY (1985) Studies in interspecific hybridization in korean lawngrasses (Zoysia spp.). J Kor Soc Hort Sci 26:169-178
7 Inokuma C, Sugiura K, Cho C, Okawara R, Kaneko S (1996) Plant regeneration from protoplasts of Japanese lawngrass. Plant Cell Rep 15:737-7741   DOI
8 International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications from website. Available from: (http://www.isaaa.org and http://www.isaaa.org /gmapprovaldatabase)
9 Kang HG, Bae TW, Jeong OC, Sun HJ, Lim PO, Lee HY (2009) Evaluation of Viability, Shedding Pattern, and Longevity of Pollen from Genetically Modified (GM) Herbicide-tolerant and Wild-type Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.). J plant Biol 52:630-634   DOI
10 Kim HK, Kim KS, Joo YK, Hong KH, Kim KN, Lee JP, SY Mo, Kim DH (1996) Variation of the morphological characteristics in the accessions of Zoysia species and their hybrid lines. Kor Turfgrass Sci 10:1-11   과학기술학회마을
11 Kim YL, Lee SK, Oh SH (1987) A study of allergy skin tests with Korean pollen extracts. Yonsei Medical Journal 28:112-118.   DOI
12 Choi ML, Kim DH (2000) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Korean lawngrass (Zoysia japonica). J Kor Soc Hort Sci 41: 455-458
13 Choi JS, Fermanian TW, Wehner DJ, Spomer LA (1990) Effect of temperature, moisture and soil texture on DCPA degradation. Agron J 80(1):108-113
14 Choi JS, GM Yang (2004) Development of new hybrid cultivar 'Senock' in Zoysia grass. Kor Turfgrass Sci 18:1-12
15 Codex Alimentarius Commission (2003) Report on the 4th session of the Codex ad hoc intergovernmental task force on foods derived from biotechnology (ALINORM 03/34A). In Codex principles and guidelines on foods derived from biotechnology. 26th session, Rome, Italy. June-7 July, 2003. Joint FAO/WHO Food standards programme, food and agriculture organization
16 Dunfield KE, Germida JJ (2001) Diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and root interior of field- grown genetically modified Brassica napus. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol 38:1-9   DOI
17 FAO/WHO (1996) Biotechnology and food safety. Report of a joint FAO/WHO consultation. Food and Agricultural Organization, Food and Nutrition Paper. Rome, Italy
18 FDA (1992) Statement of policy: foods derived from new plant varieties. Federal Register 57:22984-23005
19 Gyamfi S, Pfeifer U, Stierschneider M, Sessitsch A (2002) Effects of transgenic glufosinate-tolerant oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and the associated herbicide application on eubacterial and Pseudomonas communities in the rhizosphere. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 41:181-190   DOI
20 Ge Y, Norton T, Wang ZY (2006) Transgenic Zoysia (Zoysia japonica) plants obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Plant Cell Rep 25:792-98   DOI
21 Bae TW, Lee HY, Ryu KH, Lee TH, Lim PO, Yoon PY, Park SY, Riu KZ, Song PS, Lee YE (2007) Evaluation of horizontal gene transfer from genetically modified zoysiagrass to the indigenous microorganisms in isolated GMO field. Korean Journal of Plant Biotechnology 34:75-80   과학기술학회마을   DOI
22 Watrud LS, Henry Lee E, Fairbrother A, Burdick C, Reichman JR, BollmanM, Storm M, King G, Van de Water PK (2004) Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker. PNAS 101: 14533-14538   DOI
23 Bae TW, Vanjildorj E, Song SY, Nishiguchi S, Yang SS, Song IJ, Chandrasekhar T, Kang TW, Kim JI, Koh YJ, Park SY, Lee J, Lee YE, Ryu KH, Riu KZ, Song PS, Lee HY (2008) Environmental risk assessment of genetically engineered herbicidetolerant Zoysia japonica. J Environ Qual 37(1):207-18   DOI
24 Bae TW, Kim J, Song IJ, Song SY, Lim PO, Song PS Lee HY (2009) Production of unbolting lines through gamma-ray irradiation mutagenesis in genetically modified herbicide-tolerant Zoysiajaponica. Breeding Science 59:103-105   DOI
25 Sun HJ, Kang HG, Bae TW, Cho TG, Kim J, Lim PO, Riu KZ, Lee HY (2010) Digestibility assessment of the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) protein in the leaf tissue powder of transgenic zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) J Plant Biol 53:113-120   DOI
26 Thomas K, Aalbers M, Bannon GA, Bartels M, Dearman RJ, Esdaile DJ, Fu TJ, Latt CM, HadWeld N, Hatzos C, HeXe SL, Heylings JR, Goodman RE, Henry B, Herouet C, Holsapple M, Ladics GS, Landry TD, MacIntosh SC, Rice EA, Privalle LS, Teiner HY, Teshima R, Thomas K, Van R Ree M Woolhiser, Zawodny J (2004) A multi- laboratory evaluation of a common in vitro pepsin digestion assay protocol used in assessing the safety of novel proteins. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 39:87-98   DOI
27 Toyama K, Bae CH, Kang JG, Lim YP, Adachi T, Riu KZ, Song PS, Lee HY (2003) Production of herbicide-tolerant zoysiagrass by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Mol Cells 16(1):19-27   과학기술학회마을
28 戶刈義次 (1960) 雜草防除의 新技術, 日本富民協會, pp 13-18
29 Yu TY, Yeam DY, Kim YJ, and Kim SJ (1974) Morphological studies on Korean lawn grasses (Zoysia spp.). J Kor Soc Hort Sci 15:79-91
30 Zhang L, Wu D, Zhang L, Yang C (2007) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) containing a synthetic cryIA(b) gene from Bacillus thuringiensis. plant Breeding 126 (4):428-432   DOI
31 Park KW, Lee BK, Kim CK, Kim DY, Park JY, Ko EM, Jeong SC, Chio KH, Woon KW, Kim HM (2010) Monitoring the occurrence of genetically modified maize at a grain receiving port and along transportation routes in the Republic of Korea. Food Control (21)4:456-461   DOI
32 Mohr KI, Tebbe CC (2006) Deversity and phylotype consistancy of bacteria in the guts of three bee species (Apoidea) at an oilseed rape field. Environmental Microbiology 8:258-272   DOI
33 Oh KS, Oh BY, Lee YK, Lee BM, Lee JG (2000) 제초제 Dicamba 의 토양미생물 및 잔디 효소에 의한 분해. 한국농약과학회지 4: 26-30
34 OECD (2001) Test No. 420: Acute oral toxicity. Fixed dose procedure. OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. 17 December 2001, pp 1-14
35 Richardson AO, Palmer JD (January 2007). "Horizontal Gene Transfer in Plants". Journal of Experimental Botany58(1): 1-9
36 Richman JR, Watrud LS, Lee EH, Burdick CA, Bollman MA, Storm MJ, King GA and Malllory-Smith C (2006) Establishment of transgenic herbicide-resistant creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) in onoagronomic habitats. Molecular Ecology (in press)
37 Schleicher LC, Shea PJ, Stougaard RN, Tupy DR (1995) Efficacy of dissipation of dithopyr and pendimethalin in perennial ryegrass turf. Weed Science 43(1):140-148
38 Schmalenberger, A, Tebbe CC (2002) Bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere of a transgenic, herbicideresistant maize (Zea mays) and comparison to its non-transgenic cultivar Bosphore. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 40:29-37   DOI
39 Schmidt JO (1994) Toxinology of venoms from the honeybee genus apis. Toxicon 33:917-927
40 Sjoblad R, McClintock JT, Engler R (1992) Toxicological considerations for protein components of biological pesticide products. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 15:3-9   DOI
41 Kim YT, Park BK, Hwang EI, Yim NH, Lee SH, Kim SU (2004) Detection of recombinant marker DNA in genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybean and use in environmental risk assessment. J Microbiol Biotechnol 14:390-394   과학기술학회마을
42 Kitamura F (1967) 芝生と芝生用植物, 加島喜代志, 東京, pp 45-65
43 Lee BK, Monitoring the occurrence of genetically modified soybean and maize in cultivated fields and along the transportation routes of the Incheon Port in South Korea
44 Lee MS (1988) 잔디 밭 잡초의 분류학적 특성에 관한 연구. Kor Turfgrass Sci 2:59-64
45 Lee YE, Yang SH, Bae TW, Kang HG, Lim PO, Lee HY (2011) Effects of field-grown genetically modified zoysia grass on bacterial community structure. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 21(4):333-340
46 Lee SW (2010) 국내 외 GM 식물의 개발 및 산업화 현황. Kor J Plant BioTech 37(3):305-312   DOI   ScienceOn
47 Lei Z, Xing WD, Rong HF, Qiu WH, Ma CX (2004) Optimization of major factors for tissue culture and Agrobacteriummediated genetic transformation of Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica). Acta Prataculturae Sinica 13:100-105
48 Li RF, Wei JH, Wang HG, He J, Sun ZY (2006) Development of highly regenerable callus lines and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Chinese lawngrass (Zoysia sinica Hance) with a cold inducible transcription factor, CBF1. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 85:297-05   DOI