Growth Response of Lettuce to Various Levels of EC and Light Intensity in Plant Factory

To investigate the influence electrical conductivity (EC) of nutrient solution and light intensity on growth of red leafy lettuce, fresh and dry weights, number of leave, chlorophyll concentration and production efficiency were evaluated through nutrient film technique system. The levels of EC were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, and $6.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and those of light intensity were 120, 150, and $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. Under photoperiod of 16 h/day, the temperature was maintained in the range of $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$. Planting density was $10{\times}10cm$ (100 plants/$m^2$). When red leafy lettuce were grown in the EC range of $0.5{\sim}1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, the fresh and dry weights decreased as the EC levels and light intensity were lowered, however, Hunter's a value showed no significant differences among the treatments of EC and light intensity levels (Ex. 1). The fresh and dry weights and production efficiency ($g{\cdot}FW/kw$) were the highest in the treatment of $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ when crops were grown under the EC range of EC $1.5{\sim}6.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ (Ex. 2). But the fresh and dry weights, number of leaves, and production efficiency of $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ were the highest when the light intensity was $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ (Ex. 3). The SPAD value increased gradually as EC levels were elevated. From the above results, we concluded that optimum levels of EC and light intensity were $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively, for production as well as production efficiency of red leaf lettuce in plant factory.

배양액 농도와 광도가 식물공장에서 재배되는 적축면 상추의 생장에 미치는 영향

박막수경 재배시스템을 갖춘 식물공장에서 적축면 상추의 생육, 엽수, 엽록소함량 및 생산 효율성에 관한 배양액 농도와 광도의 효과를 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 배양액 농도 수준은 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, $6.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, 광도 수준은 120, 150, $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$이었다. 광주기는 16시간 명기, 8시간 암기 하에서 온도는 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$로 유지하였다. 재식거리는 $10{\times}10cm$였다. 배양액 농도 $0.5{\sim}1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ 수준에서 생육한 적축면 상추의 생체중과 건물중은 배양액 농도와 광도가 낮아짐에 따라 감소하였으나, 적색 정도는 광도와 농도별 차이가 없었다(실험 1). 적축면 상추가 배양액 농도 $1.5{\sim}6.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ 수준에서 생육할 때, 생체중과 건물중 및 생산 효율성($g{\cdot}FW/kw$) 등은 배양액 농도 $3.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$와 $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 처리구에서 높았다(실험 2). 세부적인 실험 결과, 생체중, 건물중, 엽수 및 생산 효율성 등은 배양액 농도 $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$와 $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 처리구에서 가장 높았다(실험 3). 배양액 농도가 짙어질수록 SPAD 수치도 점진적으로 증가하였다. 이상의 결과에서 우리는 완전제어형 식물 공장에서 적축면 상추의 생산성 뿐만 아니라 생산 효율성을 고려해 볼 때, 적정 배양액 농도와 광도 수준은 각각 $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$와 $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$였다.