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Physiological Characteristics and Morphological Changes of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. campestris) to Potassium Toxicity  

Lee, Taek-Jong (Department of Horticulture, Kangwon National University)
Luitel, Binod Prasad (Department of Horticulture, Kangwon National University)
Heo, Kweon (Department of Applied Plant Science, Kangwon National University)
Choi, Bong-Jun (Research Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, CMC Korea Inc.)
Kang, Won-Hee (Department of Horticulture, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Bio-Environment Control / v.20, no.4, 2011 , pp. 311-319 More about this Journal
Abstract
Overusing chemical fertilizers involves potassium accumulation in the soil, which can become a toxicity problem in agriculture. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of potassium (K) treatment on growth, physiological characteristics, and morphological changes using Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. campestris). With high (600 mM) K treatment, the plant growth traits of leaf length, leaf area, and fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots decreased, whereas chlorophyll content increased. As the concentration of K increasing, total N, P, and K increased in leaves, but concentrations of Ca, Mg, and Na decreased. However, Mn, Fe and Zn contents were highest in 100 mM K treatment. Chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids increased with increasing K concentration. Maximum photochemical efficiency ($F_v/F_m$) was not significant in the all treatments, whereas $CO_2$ assimilation decreased with increasing K level due to stomatal degradation. Total free amino acids increased with the 10 and 100 mM K but decreased at 600 mM K treatments. Therefore, the growth and physiological characteristics of Chinese cabbage ascertained that tolerance up to 100 mM K when grown with nutrient solution in pot culture.
Keywords
$CO_2$ assimilation rate; maximum photochemical efficiency; stomatal degradation; tolerance; total free amino acid;
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