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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2020.30.3.304

Recombinant Expression of Agarases: Origin, Optimal Condition, Secretory Signal, and Genome Analysis  

Lee, Dong-Geun (Major in Pharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Bioindustry, Silla University)
Lee, Sang-Hyeon (Major in Pharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Bioindustry, Silla University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.30, no.3, 2020 , pp. 304-312 More about this Journal
Abstract
Agarase can be used in the field of basic science, as well as for production of agar-derived high-functional oligosaccharides and bioenergy production using algae. In 2012, we summarized the classification, origin, production, and applications of agar. In this paper, we briefly review the literature on the recombinant expression of agarases from 2012 to the present. Agarase genes originated from 19 genera, including Agarivorans, Flammeovirga, Pseudoalteromonas, Gayadomonas, Catenovulum, Microbulbifer, Cellulophaga, Saccharophagus, Simiduia, and Vibrio. Of the 47 recombinant agarases, there were only two α-agarases, while the rest were β-agarases. All α-agarases produced agarotetraose, while β-agarases yielded many neoagarooligosaccharides ranging from neoagarobiose to neoagarododecaose. The optimum temperature ranged between 25 and 60℃, and the optimum pH ranged from 3.0 to 8.5. There were 14 agarases with an optimum temperature of 50℃ or higher, where agar is in sol state after melting. Artificial mutations, including manipulation of carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM), increased thermostability and simultaneously raised the optimum temperature and activity. Many hosts and secretion signals or riboswitches have been used for recombinant expression. In addition to gene recombination based on the amino acid sequence after agarase purification, recombinant expression of the putative agarase genes after genome sequencing and metagenome-derived agarases have been studied. This study is expected to be actively used in the application fields of agarase and agarase itself.
Keywords
${\alpha}$-Agarase; ${\beta}$-agarase; neoagarooligosaccharides; recombinant expression;
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