Differences in Urine Cadmium Associations with Renal Damage Markers According to the Adjustment with Specific Gravity or Urinary Creatinine |
Kim, Yong-Dae
(Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Eom, Sang-Yong (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University) Yim, Dong-Hyuk (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University) Kwon, Soon Kil (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) Park, Choong-Hee (Environmental Health Research Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) Kim, Guen-Bae (Environmental Health Research Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) Yu, Seung-Do (Environmental Health Research Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) Choi, Byung-Sun (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University) Park, Jung-Duck (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University) Kim, Heon (Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University) |
1 | Agarwal, R. and Chase, S. D. 2002. Rapid, fluorimetric-liquid chromatographic determination of malondialdehyde in biological samples. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 775, 121-126. DOI |
2 | Bernard, A. 2004. Renal dysfunction induced by cadmium: biomarkers of critical effects. Biometals 17, 519-523. DOI |
3 | Bernard, A. 2008. Cadmium & its adverse effects on human health. Indian J. Med. Res. 128, 557-564. |
4 | Buser, M. C., Ingber, S. Z., Raines, N. and Fowler, D. A., Scinicariello, F. 2016. Urinary and blood cadmium and lead and kidney function: NHANES 2007-2012. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 219, 261-267. DOI |
5 | Chung, S., Chung, J. H., Kim, S. J., Koh, E. S., Yoon, H. E., Park, C. W., Chang, Y. S. and Shin, S. J. 2014. Blood lead and cadmium levels and renal function in Korean adults. J. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. 18, 726-734. DOI |
6 | Jarup, L. and Akesson, A. 2009. Current status of cadmium as an environmental health problem. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 238, 201-208. DOI |
7 | Eom, S. Y., Seo, M. N., Lee, Y. S., Park, K. S., Hong, Y. S., Sohn, S. J., Kim, Y. D., Choi, B. S., Lim, J. A., Kwon, H. J., Kim, H. and Park, J. D. 2017. Low-level environmental cadmium exposure induces kidney tubule damage in the general population of Korean adults. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 73, 401-409. DOI |
8 | Godt, J., Scheidig, F., Grosse-Siestrup, C., Esche, V., Brandenburg, P., Reich, A. and Groneberg, D. A. 2006. The toxicity of cadmium and resulting hazards for human health. J. Occup. Med. Toxicol. 1, 22. DOI |
9 | Haddam, N., Samira, S., Dumont, X., Taleb, A., Lison, D., Haufroid, V. and Bernard, A. 2011. Confounders in the assessment of the renal effects associated with low-level urinary cadmium: an analysis in industrial workers. Environ. Health 10, 37. DOI |
10 | Ikeda, M., Ezaki, T., Tsukahara, T., Moriguchi, J., Furuki, K., Fukui, Y., Okamoto, S., Ukai, H. and Sakurai, H. 2003. Bias induced by the use of creatinine-corrected values in evaluation of beta2-microgloblin levels. Toxicol. Lett. 145, 197-207. DOI |
11 | Jarup, L., Berglund, M., Elinder, C. G., Nordberg, G. and Vahter, M. 1998. Health effects of cadmium exposure--a review of the literature and a risk estimate. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 24, 1-51. DOI |
12 | Jatlow, P., McKee, S. and O'Malley, S. S. 2003. Correction of urine cotinine concentrations for creatinine excretion: is it useful? Clin. Chem. 49, 1932-1934. DOI |
13 | Kim, Y. D., Yim, D. H., Eom, S. Y., Moon, S. I., Park, C. H., Kim, G. B., Yu, S. D., Choi, B. S., Park, J. D. and Kim, H. 2015. Temporal changes in urinary levels of cadmium, N-acetyl--d-glucosaminidase and 2-microglobulin in individuals in a cadmium-contaminated area. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 39, 35-41. DOI |
14 | Weaver, V. M., Vargas, G. G., Silbergeld, E. K., Rothenberg, S. J., Fadrowski, J. J., Rubio-Andrade, M., Parsons, P. J., Steuerwald, A. J., Navas-Acien, A. and Guallar, E. 2014. Impact of urine concentration adjustment method on associations between urine metals and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in adolescents. Environ. Res. 132, 226-232. DOI |
15 | Klaassen, C. D., Liu, J. and Diwan, B. A. 2009. Metallothionein protection of cadmium toxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 238, 215-220. DOI |
16 | Levey, A. S., Coresh, J., Greene, T., Marsh, J., Stevens, L. A., Kusek, J. W. and Van Lente, F. 2007. Expressing the modification of diet in renal disease study equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate with standardized serum creatinine values. Clin. Chem. 53, 766-772. DOI |
17 | Nordberg, G., Jin, T., Wu, X., Lu, J., Chen, L., Liang, Y., Lei, L., Hong, F., Bergdahl, I. A. and Nordberg, M. 2012. Kidney dysfunction and cadmium exposure--factors influencing dose-response relationships. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 26, 197-200. DOI |
18 | Schisterman, E. F., Cole, S. R. and Platt, R. W. 2009. Overadjustment bias and unnecessary adjustment in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology 20, 488-495. DOI |
19 | Subramanian, K. S., Meranger, J. C. and MacKeen, J. E. 1983. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with matrix modification for determination of cadmium and lead in human urine. Anal. Chem. 55, 1064-1067. DOI |